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吴彦 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2013,7(3):66-70
本文利用2002年12月-2006年12月沿天山高速公路因恶劣天气导致交通管制统计记录,结合相应时间段高速公路沿线气象资料,对比分析了高速公路冰雪灾害对交通安全的影响,结果表明：高速公路冰雪灾害的危害程度依次是道路结冰、风吹雪、强降雪,路面结冰主要影响路段在吐乌大高速公路、乌奎高速公路和乌鲁木齐机场高速公路,风吹雪集中出现在达坂城到乌鲁木齐一线,除了吐乌大高速达坂城到吐鲁番段没有因强降雪影响交通的记录外,沿天山其它各段均有发生;归纳了高速公路冰雪灾害气象要素预报指标,建立了预报模型,制定出了冰雪灾害的气象指数等级、安全行车预防措施,为交通运输气象服务提供具体可操作的预报产品。 相似文献
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2021年5月22日青海玛多发生了M7.4级地震,造成了共和至玉树高速公路部分损毁。首先,基于地震现场考察及资料查阅,介绍了该条公路在此次地震中主要的震害类型及总体的震害情况;其次,统计分析了共玉高速上桥梁震害情况与结构形式等的关系。发现此次地震大桥震害远比中小桥要严重,简支空心板梁桥震害要比连续箱梁严重。鉴于此次地震在极震区缺少强震记录,本文提出一种基于衰减关系和台站土层条件的推测地震动简化方法,从地震动特征角度分析玛多地震对共玉高速破坏机理。最后讨论了此次地震对我国高原地区交通结构抗震的经验与启示。 相似文献
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利用0.5°×0.5°的GFS分析场数据和中尺度数值模式WRF,对2011年6月17—18日发生在江苏省南部地区覆盖沪宁、沿江及宁常高速公路的一次大暴雨天气过程进行了数值模拟和诊断分析。经过AWMS实测数据及常规气象观测资料的验证,得到如下结论:(1)WRF模式对此次大暴雨过程的模拟结果较为理想,具有良好的预报能力;(2)高低空急流的耦合是本次降水过程爆发的主要动力机制,西南低空急流为此次降水提供了水汽输送通道;(3)雨区上空的垂直螺旋度在低层为正、高层为负;(4)干空气的活动对强降水的形成具有一定的指示作用;(5)强降水是导致公路交通能见度降低的重要因素,且水平能见度与降水强度成负指数关系。 相似文献
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软土地基注浆扩散过程数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
廊沧高速公路K132+177～K132+258软土地基主要由低液限中、高压缩性黏土层组成,属于滨海沉积类型,采用静力注浆方法进行了加固处理,并在现场分别对全孔一次性和自上而下分段式注浆施工方式进行了试验及室内研究。基于该路段软土地基地基物理力学性质和注浆试验地表变形观测资料,利用FLAC3D软件对该软土地基在不同注浆方式（全孔一次性注浆、自上而下分段式注浆）和在0.5、1.0 、2.0 MPa注浆压力作用下浆液在土层中的扩散过程进行了分析。其结果表明,在相同注浆压力作用下,自上而下分段式注浆效果比全孔一次性注浆效果好,而注浆压力的增大对浆液在土层中的扩散是有利的,但压力过大会导致地面冒浆,应根据现场实际情况选择合理的注浆压力 相似文献
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Chinese railway has entered the “HSR era”, while the structure of “four vertical and four horizontal” railways for transit passengers is almost completed. Taking the Beijing- Shanghai High-Speed Rail (hereinafter referred to as HSR) as an example, this paper first explores HSR’s effects on the spatial structure of regional tourist flows using the social network analysis. Next, it notes changes in the accessibility of regional transportation. After analyzing the factors including initial endowment of regional tourism resources, hospitality facilities, the density of the regional tourism transportation network, and locations, the paper discusses the mechanisms through which HSR affects regional tourist flows. The study shows the following: (1) HSR’s effects on the spatial structure of regional tourist flows are manifested through the Matthew effect, the filtering effect, the diffusion effect and the overlying effect, and (2) the Matthew effect of HSR is manifested under an obvious interaction of the location, the initial endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, tourist transportation network density and “time-space compression”. The filtering effect of HSR is manifested for those tourism nodes without favorable location conditions, endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, or tourist transportation network density and without obvious benefits from “time-space compression”. Those tourism nodes that boast advantages in terms of location condition, endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, tourist transportation network density and obvious “time-space compression” will become sources for the diffusion effect. HSR will strengthen the aggregation effects of tourist flow in these diffusion sources, which will thereafter diffuse to peripheral tourist areas, manifesting “aggregation-diffusion”. HSR has overlapped tourists’ spatial traveling range over large-scale spaces. However, the overlying effect is only generated in those tourism nodes with a favorable location condition, an endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, tourist transportation network density, and obvious “time-space compression”. 相似文献
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随着西部大开发的进行，将有更多的山区高等级公路有待建设。公路滑坡问题已经成为影响公路工程质量、建设时间和安全程度的关键因素。即将遇到的公路滑坡和已经治理完成的公路滑坡在发育机制、滑动模式及治理方式上有许多十分相似之处，若对每个滑坡都进行分析，研究制定其治理方法，就需投入大量的人力和财力。针对影响山区公路滑坡治理方案的决策因素的随机性和未知性，提出基于范例推理的山区公路滑坡治理方案决策模型，对模型的推理机制、山区公路滑坡范例库的建立和目标范例与源范例的相似度计算等问题进行了讨论。通过实例分析表明，模型是有效的。 相似文献
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Spatio-temporal Analysis of Urban Spatial Interaction in Globalizing China —— A Case Study of Beijing-Shanghai Corridor 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper aims to explore urban geography with a new perspective. Endowed with the urban geography connotations, an improved data field model is employed to integrate temporal dimension into spatial process of cities in a typical region in this article. Taking the Beijing-Shanghai Corridor including 18 cities as an example, the authors chose the city centricity index (CCI) and the spatial data field model to analyze the evolution process and features of sub-region and urban spatial interaction in this corridor based on the data of 1991, 1996 and 2002. Through the analysis, we found that: 1) with the improvement of the urbanization level and the development of urban economy, the cities' CCI grew, the urban spatial radiative potential enhanced and the radiative range expanded gradually, which reflects the urban spatial interaction's intensity has been increasing greatly; 2) although the spatial interaction intensity among the cities and sub-regions in the Beijing-Shanghai Corridor was growing constantly, the gap of the spatial interaction strength among different cities and sub-regions was widening, and the spatial division between the developed areas and the less developed areas was obvious; and 3) the intensity of the spatial interaction of Beijing, Shanghai and their urban agglomerations was far greater than that in small cities of other parts of the corridor, and it may have a strong drive force on the choice of spatial location of the economic activities. 相似文献
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毕威高速K103＋240～580段路基开挖中边坡出现滑坡。从地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、气象水文和水文地质方面查明滑坡的区域环境。并勘查滑坡的边界条件、形态特征、结构特征和变形破坏特征。在此基础上,讨论边坡变形破坏的成因机制,对边坡稳定性进行定量与定性评价。并依据这些研究和地质条件提出边坡防治建议。 相似文献
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本文通过应用绵西高速公路(S32)交通管制台账资料、沿途气象观测站数据、通过统计学、GIS区划、专家打分等方式进行研究分析,得到绵西高速公路道路管制情况、灾害性天气直接影响下交通管制情况分布特征、主要气象灾害风险等级：1)绵西高速公路运营以来至2021年,受灾害性天气及引发的次生灾害造成的交通管制占比77.7%,主要原因是大雾天气、强降水及引发的路面积水;季节天气影响交通管制程度由高到低分别为冬、夏、秋、春。2)2019至2021年绵西高速公路由大雾造成交通管制的平均时长较强降水更长,发生时段更集中。大雾造成交通管制持续时间平均时长为5小时,管制开始时间主要集中在00至08时,解除时间在07至11时;强降水直接造成交通管制持续时间平均时长为3小时,管制开始时间为08至10时和15时至21时,结束时间在10到17时。利用成果能为交通运维工作提供有效的决策参考意见,有力保障道路安全畅通,最大限度地减少因灾害性天气造成的交通事故发生,有利于提高生产效率和社会经济效益。 相似文献