Research advances in eco-hydrological process and function     

YongGang Yang  HongLang Xiao  ZuoDong Qin  Na Kang  CaiMei Li 《寒旱区科学》2014,6(1):0008-0013

Present studies on the coupling relationship and hydrology mechanism between basin ecosystem and hydrological process has become an international research frontier in hydrology. This paper investigates this coupling relationship, and also summarizes research and presents a method of combining isotopic technology with hydro-chemical methods, for the study of eco-hydrological process and function in different landscape zones. We then examine research trends for future direction and development of this field.  相似文献   

The influence of air–sea–ice interactions on an anomalous phytoplankton bloom in the Indian Ocean sector of the Antarctic Zone of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer, 2011     

《Polar Science》2014,8(4):370-384

An anomalous phytoplankton bloom was recorded in the Indian Ocean sector of the Antarctic Zone (AZ) of the Southern Ocean (SO) during the austral summer, 2011. Possible mechanisms for the triggering of such a large bloom were analyzed with the help of in situ and satellite data. The bloom, which formed in January 2011, intensified during February and weakened by March. High surface chlorophyll (Chl) concentrations (0.76 mg m⁻³) were observed in the area of the bloom (60°S, 47°E) with a Deep Chlorophyll Maximum (DCM) of 1.15 mg m⁻³ at a depth of 40–60 m. During 2011, both the concentration and spatial extent of sea ice were high on the western side of the bloom, between 0°E and 40°E, and enhanced freshwater influx was observed in the study area as a result of melting ice. A positive Southern Annular Mode (SAM) (with a resultant northward horizontal advection) and an intense La Niña during 2010–2011 are possible reasons for the high sea-ice concentrations. The enhanced Chl a observed in the study region, which can be attributed to the phytoplankton bloom, likely resulted from the influx of nutrient-laden freshwater derived from melting sea ice.  相似文献   

青岛一次沙尘污染事件的气象条件特征     

马艳  郭丽娜  黄容 《干旱气象》2014,(5):773-780

2008年5月28日至6月1日青岛市区出现了持续5 d的大气污染,其中29-30日为重度污染,其余3日为轻度污染。本文基于青岛常规地面和高空观测资料以及环境监测站SO2、NO2、PM10监测资料,利用资料分析和中尺度数值模拟的方法,分析造成青岛此次持续多日的大气污染的污染源、大气环流和气象要素特征。分析结果表明：此次污染过程主要是外来沙尘引起的PM10污染;持续较强的逆温层结以及近地面层弱南北风频繁交替出现造成沙尘在近地层往复、积聚,最终导致连续多日的空气污染。  相似文献   

深海主跃层环境对会聚区影响的数值分析     

王磊  王克平 《海洋测绘》2014,(1):40-42

应用BELLHOP模式,对声速剖面的声跃层结构变化引起会聚区偏移特征进行了分析。结果表明,声速垂直结构的变化可导致会聚区位置出现不同程度的偏移:跃层强度增加0.01 s-1将使会聚区向远离声源方向偏移1.5~2.0km;跃层厚度增大50m将使会聚区向靠近声源方向偏移0.3~0.5km;跃层位置加深100m将使会聚区向远离声源方向偏移0.5~1.0km。在跃层的三个特征量中,跃层强度起主导作用。跃层强度变化引起的声线在海洋次表层的偏折差异,进而导致进入深海等温层的入射角差异,是使会聚区发生偏移的决定性因素。  相似文献   

Lopingian mixed floras from Linxi Formation in Soron area,Inner Mongolia     

ZHANG Dejun  ;SUN Yuewu  ;DING naisheng  ;YANG Zhenyuan  ;TANG Lijing 《东北亚地学研究》2014,(2):67-77

A lot of well-preserved plants from the Linxi Formation are collected in the Soron area,Inner Mongolia,consisting of 34 species of 16 genera. They are Late Permian in age. The flora is characterized by a lot of Angaran plants,such as Paracalamites,Comia,Rhachiphyllum,Iniopteris,Rufloria,etc. Some Cathaysian elements,such as Lobatannularia lingulata,L. multifolia,Fascipteris Cathaysiantus,F. densata,Taeniopteris szei,Cladophlebis liulinensis and C. permica,are also mixed within the present flora. This indicates that the Soron of Inner Mongolia was located in the sector between the Angaran and Cathysian floristic provinces in Lopingian. It is beneficial for depicting the location and the evolution of the Solenker--Xar Moron suture zone in the phytogeographic view. The transmigration of tropical and subtropical Cathaysian plants to the north indicates that the Paleoasian Ocean was closed during the late Permian along the suture zone.  相似文献   

��ɽ���Ѵ���ά����Ӧ��������ֵģ��     

孟庆筱  王太松  吕健  董彦知  郭宝震 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(1):38-42

????????????????????????????棬??????????????????????????????????????????GPS???????????????????????????M≥5.0????????????????????????????????????????????????Ч???????XY?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ο???????????  相似文献   

有孔虫初房特征变化在珠江三角洲晚全新世东亚夏季风降雨研究中的应用     

俞宙菲  李铁刚  南青云  张帅 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(2):225-232

研究中国降雨格局变化对理解东亚夏季风演化意义重大。本文分析了珠江三角洲柱状样ZJK03-Z中浅水底栖有孔虫常见种Rotalidium annectens的平均初房大小、微球型/显球型比值和壳体δ18O值,以及底栖有孔虫组合中瓷质壳的百分含量,探讨它们对由夏季风降雨引起的河口水体盐度变化的响应,得到了珠江三角洲3114—1260a BP季风降雨的强度变化,识别出了这期间14次季风降雨减少的偏干期。与南美洲Cariaco海盆的钛含量记录对比,二者一致的结果表明,珠江三角洲晚全新世的东亚夏季风降雨与热带辐合带(ITCZ)的南北移动密切相关:夏季风降雨减少,对应于ITCZ纬度位置的南移。  相似文献   

无震脊或海山链俯冲对超俯冲带处的地质效应   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

鄢全树  石学法 《海洋学报》2014,36(5):107-123

全球海底分布着众多的无震脊或海山链,且在太平洋、印度洋及大西洋均存在靠近俯冲带的海岭。除小安德列斯弧外的巴拉克达脊和蒂勃朗脊起源自转换断层外,一般认为它们由与板块构造动力学迥异的地幔柱动力学所形成的。在板块汇聚边缘处,与扩张脊处所形成的正常洋壳一起,无震脊或海山链俯冲于陆缘弧或洋内弧之下,其对弧及弧后地区的地质效应(构造、地貌、地震以及岩浆作用等)有别于正常洋壳俯冲。无震脊或海山链的俯冲通常造成俯冲带地区的上驮板块的局部异常抬升、俯冲剥蚀作用效应的加强、海沟的向陆迁移以及地震强度的增加。同时,无震脊或海山链俯冲时,其携带的具富集地球化学特征的物质不仅影响着地幔地球化学,也对弧及弧后火山熔岩化学产生明显影响,并对超俯冲地区的热液矿床的形成产生重要影响。最后,本文指出了我国有关无震脊或海山链俯冲的可能的研究方向包括黄岩海山链俯冲对吕宋岛弧的可能影响、印度洋无震脊俯冲对青藏高原局部地区的影响,有我国学者参与的IODP344航次的研究对象——科科斯脊俯冲对哥斯达黎加地震成因的效应以及位于西太平洋地区靠近俯冲带的一些无震脊等。  相似文献   

琼东南盆地深水区断层垂向输导及成藏模式   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王振峰  刘震  曹尚  孙志鹏  左倩媚  王亚辉  何卫军 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(12):96-106

In the Qiongdongnan Basin, faults are well developed.Based on the drilling results, the traps controlled two or more faults are oil-rich. However, when only one fault cut through the sand body, there is no sign for hy-drocarbon accumulation in the sandstone. In terms of this phenomenon, the principle of reservoir-forming controlled by fault terrace is proposed, i.e., when the single fault activates, because of the incompressibility of pore water, the resistance of pore and the direction of buoyancy, it is impossible for hydrocarbon to ac-cumulate in sandstone. But when there are two or more faults, one of the faults acts as the spillway so the hydrocarbon could fill in the pore of sandstone through other faults. In total five gas bearing structures and four failure traps are considered, as examples to demonstrate our findings. According to this theory, it is well-advised that south steep slope zone of Baodao-Changchang Depression, south gentle slope zone of Lingshui Depression, north steep slope zone of Lingshui Depression, and north steep slope zone of Baodao Depression are the most favorable step-fault zones, which are the main exploration direction in next stage.  相似文献   

The ICZM Balanced Scorecard: A tool for putting integrated coastal zone management into action     

《Marine Policy》2014

Coastal areas are characterised by the choice of performance measures and/or reference points which may be critical in the environmental management process, determining the success of an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) plan. The tools for the strategic control of ICZM plans are particularly important, although they are still not widely used at the local level. The following paper proposes the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method of Kaplan and Norton (1992), which is a holistic management performance tool that can be used by managers to put into action their business strategy. In particular the methodology has focused on the use of a BSC process, inspired by the Niven (2003) approach for public bodies. The BSC suggests the creation of a framework for the strategic assessment of plans and projects based on the Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Mediterranean (Protocol). An analysis of the Protocol has been carried out according to the BSC model, and it shows how it can be integrated with assessment and environmental management tools, such as the Driving forces, Pressures, States, Impacts and Responses (DPSIR) framework. The proposed process has suggested a novel framework for analysing the ICZM plans of coastal managers and stakeholders. The analytical framework facilitates the examination of Drivers and causes of the ICZM strategy, the possible impact on society and coastal communities, the most appropriate measures to achieve the objectives and the practicalities of implementing such measures given the institutional context of where these are developed.  相似文献