Big fish (and a smallish skate) eat small fish: diet variation and trophic level of Sympterygia acuta,a medium‐sized skate high in the food web          下载免费PDF全文

Santiago A. Barbini  Luis O. Lucifora 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(2):283-293

The bignose fanskate, Sympterygia acuta, is a small‐to‐medium‐sized species endemic to shallow coastal waters of the Southwest Atlantic. Sympterygia acuta displays a clear seasonal reproductive cycle, characterized by maximum egg‐laying activity in spring and hatching in summer. We hypothesized that diet and feeding activity change with maturity stage and season and that, given its smallish size, the trophic level is low. Using a multiple‐hypothesis modeling approach, the diet of S. acuta in relation to sex, body size, maturity stage, region (i.e. north and south) and season was analysed; and a potential relationship between feeding activity and the seasonal reproductive cycle was assessed. Sympterygia acuta fed on a broad spectrum of prey, but teleosts were more important (47.97% index of relative importance, %IRI), followed by decapods (39.84%IRI), cumaceans (8.31%IRI) and isopods (1.89%IRI). Maturity stage was a strong determinant of the ontogenetic diet shift of S. acuta, and relationships between number of prey consumed with season and region were found.. Feeding activity was higher in the cold season than in the warm season, and was less important in the south region than in the north region. Unexpectedly, the specific trophic level was high (3.87). Sympterygia acuta shifts its diet with maturity stage, possibly by a combination of an improved ability to capture prey and a change in energy demand of mature individuals. Despite being a small‐to‐medium‐sized skate, S. acuta showed a trophic level similar to that of large‐bodied marine predators. It reduces its feeding activity seasonally because in the warm season this species may experience an increased predation risk from large sharks.  相似文献   

西南天山康克林组早二叠世小型无鳞板珊瑚动物群的发现及其地质意义简     

王卫国  张雄华  闫金华  吕兵团  郭旭军  张维昕  王庆同 《地质通报》2014,33(1):26-32

西南天山哈拉奇地区康克林组第三段发现大量单体无鳞板四射珊瑚,经鉴定共有11属23种。根据该动物群的组成特征和与邻区的对比,建立了Amplexocaniaia-Tachylasma-Bradyphyllum组合,并确定其时代为早二叠世紫松期或阿舍尔(Asselian)期。通过对沉积相及该无鳞板四射珊瑚动物群古生态的对比分析,确定本区当时水深大于100m,属碳酸盐台地与盆地之间的过渡环境。  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113001369     

Mohamed K. Salah 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(6):845-854

The 3-D P- and S-wave velocity models of the upper crust beneath Southwest Iberia are determined by inverting arrival time data from local earthquakes using a seismic tomo~raphy method. We used a total of 3085 P- and 2780 S-wave high quality arrival times from 886 local earthquakes recorded by a per- manent seismic network, which is operated by the Institute of Meteorology （IM）, Lisbon, Portugal. The computed P- and S-wave velocities are used to determine the 3-D distributions of Vp/Vs ratio. The 3-D velocity and Vp/Vs ratio images display clear lateral heterogeneities in the study area. Significant veloc- ity variations up to ~6% are revealed in the upper crust beneath Southwest lberia, At 4 km depth, both P- and S-wave velocity take average to high values relative to the initial velocity model, while at 12 km, low P-wave velocities are clearly visible along the coast and in the southern parts. High S-wave velocities at 12 km depth are imaged in the central parts, and average values along the coast; although some scattered patches of low and high S-wave velocities are also revealed. The Vp/Vs rztio is generally high at depths of 4 and 12 km along the coastal parts with some regions of high Vp/Vs ratio in the north at 4 km depth, and low Vp/Vs ratio in the central southern parts at a depth of 12 km, The imaged low velocity and high Vp/Vs ratios are related to the thick saturated and unconsolidated sediments covering the region; whereas the high velocity regions are generally associated with the Mesozoic basement rocks.  相似文献   

基于多时相夜间灯光数据的城市建成区提取研究——以西南地区为例     

曹伟超  鲁小丫  马月伟  文学虎  王蕾  陈阳 《测绘工程》2014,23(12):48-51

城市化对地区经济的发展具有重要的战略意义,而地理信息系统(GIS)和遥感技术的应用,为城市化发展信息的获取提供新的研究途径。文中以2003年、2005年和2007年3期的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据为例,借助地理信息系统(GIS)平台,提取出西南地区城市空间信息。考虑区域差异性,将西南地区分为川渝、云贵和广西3个区域,分别进行城市化发展过程和趋势的分析。将夜间灯光数据应用到经济不发达的地区,在数据提取精度上还需进一步结合中尺度遥感影像进行分析。  相似文献   

Reproductive traits of Euterpina acutifrons in a coastal area of Southeastern Brazil     

Mauro de Melo Júnior  Leonardo K. Miyashita  Naira J. Silva  Salvador A. Gaeta  Rubens M. Lopes 《Marine Ecology》2013,34(3):363-372

We investigated the reproductive biology of the planktonic harpacticoid copepod Euterpina acutifrons, including morphometric data, egg production rates (EPR) and viability, and weight‐specific egg production. Experiments were carried out during 1 year in an inner‐shelf area off Ubatuba (SE Brazil), a site seasonally influenced by bottom intrusions of the relatively cold and nutrient‐rich South Atlantic Central Water (SACW). We hypothesized that E. acutifrons attain higher reproductive rates when SACW penetrates in this region. Live females were incubated individually in cell culture plates during two periods of 24 h each, under controlled temperature and light conditions. Euterpina acutifrons carried on average 16.9 ± 6.9 eggs·sac^?1, ranging between 10.8 ± 5.7 and 30.8 ± 7.4 eggs·sac^?1. Estimated EPRs ranged from 6.3 ± 3.4 to 13.6 ± 4.2 eggs·female^?1·day^?1, with mean weight‐specific egg production rates of 0.06 ± 0.04 and 0.17 ± 0.08 per day. Euterpina acutifrons was not directly influenced by SACW intrusions, but body length and clutch size were positively related to temperature and chlorophyll content. Egg hatching time was clearly dependent on water temperature, as a 2 °C increase resulted in a decrease of 15 h in egg hatching time. This shows that even a small variation in temperature may considerably affect E. acutifrons population dynamics. Reproductive traits of this pelagic harpacticoid seem, therefore, to be controlled by the trade‐offs between increased food supply and the metabolic demands at low temperatures associated with SACW bottom intrusions toward this coastal area.  相似文献   

The morphotectonics and its evolutionary dynamics of the central Southwest Indian Ridge (49° to 51°E)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LIANG Yuyang  LI Jiabiao  LI Shoujun  RUAN Aiguo  NI Jianyu  YU Zhiteng  ZHU Lei 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):87-95

The morphotectonic features and their evolution of the central Southwest Indian Ridge （SWIR） are dis- cussed on the base of the high-resolution flfll-coverage bathyraetric data on the ridge between 49°-51°E. A comparative analysis of the topographic features of the axial and flank area indicates that the axial topogra- phy is alternated by the ridge and trough with en echelon pattern and evolved under a spatial-temporal mi- gration especially in 49°-50.17°E. It is probably due to the undulation at the top of the mantle asthenosphere, which is propagating with the mantle flow. From 50.17° to 50.7°E, is a topographical high terrain with a crust much thicker than the global average of the oceanic crust thickness. Its origin should be independent of the spreading mechanism of ultra-slow spreading ridges. The large numbers of volcanoes in this area indicate robust magmatic activity and may be related to the Crozet hot spot according to RMBA （residual mantle Bouguer anomaly）. The different geomorphological feature between the north and south flanks of the ridge indicates an asymmetric spreading, and leading to the development of the OCC （oceanic core complex）. The tectonic activity of the south frank is stronger than the north and is favorable to develop the OCC. The first found active hydrothermal vent in the SWIR at 37°47＇S, 49°39＇E is thought to be associated with the detach- ment fault related to the OCC.  相似文献   

Component characteristics of organic matter in hydrothermal barnacle shells from Southwest Indian Ridge     

HUANG Xin  ZENG Zhigang  CHEN Shuai  YIN Xuebo  WANG Xiaoyuan  ZHAO Huijing  YANG Baoju  RONG Kunbo  MA Yao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):60-67

In 2008-2009, hydrothermal barnacle and sediment samples were collected from the Southwest Indian Ridge during a survey of the China Ocean Mineral Resources R＆D Association （COMRA）. Samples were ana- lyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）, revealing the main organic constituents of hy- drothermal barnacle and sediment to be fatty acids and alkylbenzenes. N-alkanes which possessed obvious even carbon advantage were also detected in hydrothermal sediment. The high concentrations of aromatic compounds might be the result of macromolecular thermal alteration. Microorganism in the submarine hydrothermal ecosystem, especially those related to sulfur metabolism, might be the source of the high con- centrations of fatty acids detected in these samples. In high temperature and high pressure hydrothermal environments, n-alkanes which possessed obvious even carbon advantage might originate from thermal alteration of carboxylic acids and other lipid compounds.  相似文献   

西南山区5—8月产生突发性暴雨事件的中尺度对流系统的时空分布特征     

王婧羽  崔春光  陈杨瑞雪  王晓芳 《气象学报》2022,80(1):21-38

利用逐时的风云静止卫星黑体亮温(TBB)资料和国家级地面站降水观测资料,根据中尺度对流系统(MCS)的逐时云顶覆盖范围是否包含突发性暴雨事件,识别出2010—2018年5—8月与中国西南山区突发性暴雨事件相关的中尺度对流系统(AHR-MCS),并得到其统计特征.结果表明,该地区AHR-MCS在7月出现最频繁,存在四川盆...  相似文献   

西南天山马达尔地区硅质岩地球化学特征及其沉积环境   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

康健丽  张招崇  董书云  马乐天  张舒  张东阳  黄河 《岩石矿物学杂志》2010,29(1):79-89

西南天山马达尔地区乌帕塔尔坎群硅质岩与玄武岩以逆冲断层接触产出,但其时代缺乏依据。本次研究的硅质岩中含有放射虫,经鉴定时代为D3—C1。11件硅质岩样品的SiO2含量为88.80%～93.28%,Al2O3含量为2.02%～3.72%,其中只有4件样品为纯硅质岩(SiO2的含量为91.0%～99.8%),所有样品的SiO2/Al2O3值(23.84～46.11)远低于纯硅质岩(SiO2/Al2O3=80～1400),表明其含有较高比例的陆源泥质沉积物。Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)=0.57～0.72,Ce/Ce*=0.90～1.21,显示出生物沉积硅质岩的特点。此外,其Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)=0.64～0.77,V含量为10.92×10-6～26.70×10-6,Cu含量为2.15×10-6～34.10×10-6,Ti/V=25.53～44.93,∑REE为30.78×10-6～59.26×10-6,平均值为45.46×10-6,(La/Yb)N=0.88～1.33,平均值为1.09,(La/Ce)N=0.81～1.12,介于洋盆沉积物和大陆边缘沉积物之间,反映其沉积环境为接近陆源的深水-半深水的沉积环境。Ceanom值均大于-0.1,为-0.06～0.08,并且出现Eu的负异常,推测岩石沉积时水体贫氧。结合区域地质特征推测,乌帕塔尔坎群硅质岩形成于南天山洋盆闭合期的小洋盆。  相似文献   

豫西南栾川地区铅锌矿床碳、氧同位素地球化学     

段士刚  薛春纪  冯启伟  高炳宇  刘国印  燕长海  宋要武 《现代地质》2010,24(4)

豫西南地区铅锌矿产勘查工作近年来进展迅速,尤其在栾川地区先后发现十余处铅锌银多金属矿脉群、上百条含矿断裂带,铅、锌、银资源前景广阔。对该区铅锌矿的科学研究丰富了华北陆块南缘区域成矿学认识,并促进了进一步找矿勘查工作。栾川地区铅锌矿产在燕山期斑岩体周围矽卡岩中和外围的断裂带(脉状)中。脉状铅锌矿脉石矿物碳酸盐C、O同位素的组成(赤土店矿床1δ3C为-3.66‰~-2.82‰,1δ8O为10.31‰~15.86‰;百炉沟矿床1δ3C为-3.00‰~1.80‰,1δ8O为9.40‰~17.70‰;冷水北沟矿床1δ3C为-4.90‰~-0.40‰,1δ8O为6.00‰~12.50‰)介于典型海相石灰岩(1δ3C为0±2‰,1δ8O为28‰~30‰)和岩浆岩(1δ3C为-3‰~-30‰,1δ8O为6‰~12‰;地幔1δ3C为-7‰~-5‰)之间,指示成矿流体、成矿物质的岩浆和地层双重作用、两种来源特点。综合分析认为,栾川地区铅锌矿有矽卡岩型和岩浆热液充填-交代型两种。  相似文献