甘肃省沃尔给花岗岩体中黑云母的成分对其岩体碱度的响应及成岩成矿意义     

杜佰松  申俊峰  秦玉良  刘海明  刘圣强 《现代地质》2017,31(4):672

矿床的形成与其成矿地质体的成因和岩石化学性质密切相关,因此有必要对岩体碱度与成矿关系进行深入研究。通过甘肃省沃尔给花岗岩体的采样测试,并对国内52个各类矿床中与成矿有关岩体中黑云母的主量元素化学成分进行统计和分析,进行寄主岩石碱度判别。研究结果显示：研究区与Cu、Au成矿有关的岩体位于高碱度区域内,而与Sn矿形成有关的岩体均属于低碱度岩石系列。岩浆熔体早期至岩浆后期热液阶段,氧逸度的变化由高到低,介质的碱度逐渐增强,Cu、Au矿床的形成大致经历上述的成岩成矿过程。岩浆结晶过程早期低氧逸度、高碱度有利于Sn的活化迁移,岩浆期后热液阶段的高氧逸度、低碱度有利于锡石的沉淀,但是由于锡石沉淀过程中不断消耗O2,致使其较高的氧逸度显著降低。认为碱度与氧逸度之间相互作用、相互影响进而引起矿化的发生。  相似文献   

基于海洋模式数据的吕宋海峡输运量和菲律宾黑潮流量关系的分析     

周艳芳  谢强  陈更新  曾丽丽 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1269-1275

利用全球涡分辨率海洋环流模式OFES的60年(1950—2009)输出资料,用流速资料计算了吕宋岛东侧18°N断面黑潮上游流量(Kuroshio Transport,KT)和120.5°E断面吕宋海峡输运量(Luzon Strait Transport,LST)。研究表明,KT和LST存在四种情况,即:(1)KT大LST小、(2)KT大LST大、(3)KT小LST小和(4)KT小LST大,分别占其总数的34%、11%、13%、42%。合成分析证实:一般情况下,KT大对应黑潮跨越吕宋海峡流态,此时LST较小;KT小时,地转β效应迫使黑潮向西入侵吕宋海峡,此时LST大。然而,吕宋岛东侧和台湾东南沿岸的涡旋常削弱黑潮在吕宋海峡处流量,造成KT大时黑潮亦入侵吕宋海峡,从而出现KT大LST大的情形;太平洋一侧的异常高海表高度诱发吕宋海峡处强地转流,造成KT虽小而黑潮在吕宋海峡处仍是跨越流态,因而LST小。结果表明,LST不仅受KT影响,亦受局地涡旋和海表高度的重要控制。  相似文献   

黑潮入侵东海陆架途径及其影响研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨德周  尹宝树  侯一筠  孙松  俞志明  宋金明  许灵静  于非  宋秀贤  于仁成  袁华茂  李新正  袁涌铨 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1196-1207

基于中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)"热带西太平洋海洋系统物质能量交换及其影响"的项目二"黑潮及其变异对中国近海生态系统的影响"的航次调查资料、历史资料和数值模拟结果,对黑潮入侵东海的途径、机理和影响研究取得了重要进展,主要认识和成果如下。在长江口邻近海域的赤潮高发区,多学科研究结果证实存在黑潮入侵东海陆架近岸的底部分支,该分支是黑潮影响近海生态过程的主要途径。进一步的研究发现该底部分支存在季节变化:通常情况下,在春季开始出现,在夏季7月份达到最强,可以入侵到近岸50m等深线位置,向北可到达30.5°N附近,然后在秋、冬季其入侵主轴位置逐渐远离岸线向外海偏移,不会入侵到50m等深线以西的近岸区域,该底部分支出现和赤潮发生具有一定的同步性。数值模拟和观测结果表明黑潮入侵底部分支还存在年际变化。基于地球动力学理论,提出了地形β-spiral理论,并为模拟结果和观测资料所验证,该理论可以很好的解释为什么黑潮入侵分支会存在,并且该理论预测出凡是黑潮路径与等深线不平行的地方都会发生入侵流的垂向偏转,底层流的方向和地形梯度的角度决定了入侵主要发生在底层还是表层,且该理论在世界大洋具有普适性。此外,研究还表明,黑潮入侵底部分支可以把具有高磷酸盐、高盐、溶解氧含量相对较低等特征的黑潮次表层水及热带藻种等物质输送到长江口邻近海域,从而对东海陆架生态系统产生重要影响。  相似文献   

Prediction of salinity intrusion in the sheltered estuary of Terengganu River in Malaysia using 1-D empirical intrusion model     

LEE Hin Lee  TANGANG Fredolin  GISEN Jacqueline Isabell  SURATMAN Saim 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(5):57-66

Generally one dimensional(1-D) empirical salinity intrusion model is limited to natural alluvial estuary. However,this study attempts to investigate its ability to model a sheltered alluvial estuary of the Terengganu River in Malaysia. The constructed breakwater at the mouth of the river shelters the estuary from direct influence of the open sea. The salinity density along the estuary was collected during the wet and dry seasons for scenarios before and after the constructed breakwater. Moreover, the freshwater discharges, tidal elevations and bathymetry data were also measured as model inputs. A good fit was demonstrated between simulated and observed variables,namely salinity distribution and intrusion length for both scenarios. Thus, the results show that 1-D empirical salinity model can be utilized for sheltered estuarine condition at the Terengganu Estuary, but with an appropriate determination of an initial point. Furthermore, it was observed that the salinity intrusion in the study area is largely dependent on the freshwater discharge rather than tidal elevation fluctuations. The scale of the salinity intrusion length in the study area is proportional to the river discharge of the –1/2 power. It was appeared that the two lines of the 1-D empirical salinity model and discharge power based equation fitted well to each other, with the average predicted minimum freshwater discharge of 150 m3/s is going to be required to maintain acceptable salinity levels during high water slack(HWS) near the water intake station, which is located at 10.63 km from river mouth.  相似文献   

Seismic and structural characterization of fluid escape pipes using 3D and partial stack seismic from the Loyal Field (Scotland,UK): A multiphase and repeated intrusive mechanism     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

The potential for fluid leakage from sub-surface reservoirs has important implications for CO2 storage, hydrocarbon reservoirs and water resources. Understanding the genesis, morphology, fluid flow mechanisms and extent of fluid escape from reservoirs allows for better risking of geological resources and storage potential. Here we describe in detail the structures of fluid escape pipes from the Loyal Field, observed from a 3D full and partial stack seismic dataset. The seismic imagery suggests that the fluid escape pipes are rooted at least in the main Paleocene reservoir and by-pass the reservoir seal to cross the post Lista Formation overburden up to the intra-Neogene units. The pipes extend for a few hundred meters to a few kilometres and show varying shape and structure from blow-out structures to incipient mud volcanoes. A detailed analysis of the seismic characteristics observed both from main baseline and partial stack data allows a division of the pipes into two families: (1) seeps and pipes following structural discontinuities and (2) pipes unrelated to the pre-existing structural features. The pipes internal seismic response, the reflector termination of the main conduits and the distribution of stacked bright reflectors suggest an upward migration mechanism (during pipe birth and development), requiring a cyclic switching from non-Darcy hydrofracturing (during overpressure) to Darcy flow lateral migration (during low-pressure stage).  相似文献   

2011—2016年莱州市海水入侵发展趋势分析     

赵景丽  邓跃  徐艳东  喻龙 《海洋科学》2017,41(9):136-142

基于莱州市2个海水入侵监测断面2011—2016年的监测数据, 分析了研究区域地下水氯度、海水入侵距离和速率的发展变化趋势, 探讨了海水入侵距离与降水量的关系。分析结果表明: 研究区域2013年地下水氯度最高, 2011—2016年呈现波动变化; 离岸距离与地下水氯度服从幂函数分布,海庙断面海水入侵距离远大于朱旺断面且变化较大, 朱旺断面海水入侵趋势较为稳定; 研究区域2014年海水入侵速度最快, 之后呈减轻趋势, 海水入侵距离与降水量呈现明显的负相关关系, 2014年降水量的急剧减少, 是当年海水入侵严重的主要因素之一。本研究为莱州市防灾减灾管理提供参考依据。  相似文献   

煤层底板隔水层阻抗高压水侵入机理及其控制因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

虎维岳  田干  李抗抗 《煤田地质与勘探》2008,36(6):38-41

通过专门设计的物理模型,模拟了不同水文地质与工程地质性质的阻水岩层对其底板高压水侵入过程的阻抗能力,以及不同水压条件下高压水侵入导升过程中的水头损耗。得出了高压水在侵入导升带内的水头损耗分布特点及数量特征;研究了高压水在其上覆阻水岩层中的侵入高度及其最终驻点的残余水头压力;重新评价和改进了突水系数的计算方法。结果表明:隔水层的原始导高带对含水层水头具有较大的消减作用,作用于有效隔水层的实际水头压力远小于含水层的水头压力。   相似文献   

Ground deformation in a viscoelastic medium composed of a layer overlying a half-space: a comparison between point and extended sources     

Arnau Folch  José Fernández  John B. Rundle  & Joan Martí 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,140(1):37-50

We obtain and compare analytical and numerical solutions for ground displacement caused by an overpressurized magma chamber placed in a linear viscoelastic medium composed of a layer over a half-space. Different parameters such as size, depth and shape of the chamber, crustal rheology and topography are considered and discussed. Numerical solutions for an axisymmetric extended source are computed using a finite element method (FEM). Analytical solutions for a point source are obtained using the dislocation theory and the propagator matrix technique. In both cases, the elastic solutions are used together with the correspondence principle of linear viscoelasticity to obtain the solution in the Laplace transform domain. Viscoelastic solutions in the time domain are derived inverting the Laplace transform using the Prony series method. The differences between the results allow us to constrain the applicability of the point source and the flat surface hypothesis, which are usually implicitly assumed when analytical solutions are derived. The effect of the topography is also considered. The results obtained show that neglecting the topographic effects may, in some cases, introduce an error greater than that implicit in the point-source hypothesis. Therefore, for an adequate modelling and interpretation of the time-dependent displacements, topography must be considered.  相似文献   

Optimal Groundwater Development in Coastal Aquifers Near Beihai, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhou Xun Chen Mingyou Wan Li Department of Water Resources  Environmental Engineering  China University of Geosciences  Beijing  China Wang Juping Ning Xuesheng Beihai Institute of Hydrogeology  Engineering Geology  Mineral Resour 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)

INTRODUCTIONThe city of Beihai,located on the south coast ofGuangxi,China,relies heavily on groundwater for its potablewater supply and agricultural irrigation.With rapid increasein population (for instance,from 134 0 0 0 in 1987to 47930 0in1995 ) and in developm ent program s,the demand for freshwater has been growing. Approxim ately 170 0 0 0 m3/ d ofgroundwater has been pumped from the productive coastalaquifers in recent years.Contamination of the fresh water inthe coastal aquifers b…  相似文献   

唐山地震前兆的时空演化及中短期标志     

王梅  王华林 《地震研究》1999,22(3):235-242

本对唐山地震前形变场、应力应变场、重磁电变化场、地下流体变化场的空间分布及时间演化进行了系统分析,探讨了前兆空间分布与构造环境的内在关系、各类前兆出现顺序与孕震环境的内在关系,以及各类前兆的相关性;在综合大量前兆时间演化特征的基础上提出了唐山地震中短临过渡指标,为研究有关地震前兆图象分布规律及提取前兆判据提供了一定依据。  相似文献