中国西部积雪对我国汛期降水的影响   总被引：19，自引：6，他引：19  

韦志刚  罗四维 《高原气象》1993,12(4):347-354

本文利用台站及卫星资料建立了中国西部积雪３０年逐月时间序列。该序列是目前资料时间最长、最好的序列，为研究该区积雪月际和年际变化及其影响提供了较可靠的依据。中国西部冬春积雪对我国汛期降水的影响平均为负相关趋势，与６月降水的相关分布较有规律，冬春多（少），其它地区６月降水偏多（少）。我国西部多（少）雪对６月从份５００ｈＰａ高度的变化是：高原北边高纬高度降低（升高）及副热地区升高（降低），有（不）利于高  相似文献   

南极地区冰雪消失对全球大气环流和气候影响的数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨修群  谢倩 《地理学报》1993,48(5):394-402

本文利用全球大气环流模式通过数值模拟研究了北半球夏季南极地区冰雪覆盖的消失对大气环流和全球气候影响的过程。结果表明南极冰雪消失不仅影响南半球大气环流异常,而且通过引起热带环流异常如增强东亚季风环流和减弱Walker环流等引起北半球大气环流和我国夏季气候的异常。南极冰雪覆盖的消失将给全球气候带来严重后果。文中也对南极冰雪气候效应的动力学机制进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Forward Calculation of 2-D and 3-D Structures with a Cover by the Boundary Element Method while Using Electrical Methods     

Fu Liangkui Chen Fuji 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1990,(1)

This paper develops the boundary element method,the authors employtwo-layered earth Green’s functions as the weighting functions of residual andderive boundary integral equations.The forward problems of point sources on2-D and 3-D structures with an influencing cover are solved by this method.The results show that this method markedly improves the original boundaryelement method.The features of the improved method are greater numericalaccuracy and much smaller systems of equations and thus considerable savingsfor the storage capacity of computers,allowing us to solve the above problemswith only ordinary microcomputers.The results in this paper extend the scopeof applying the boundary element method while using electrical methods forgeophysical prospecting.  相似文献   

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OF QINGHAIXIZANG PLATEAU SNOW COVER ON SUMMER MONSOON FORMATION          下载免费PDF全文

Zhang Zhengqiu  Li Weiliang  Chen Longxun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,5(4):442-455

The calculating schemes of underlying surface processes in the model described by Li et al.(1989)are modified with inclusion of simple land surface processes and oceanic mixed layer processes,then a simulation on the zonal wind along 90°E from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere with moun-tains is performed.Comparisons of the results and the observations show that the modified model not onlyhas an excellent stability in calculation but also can better display the seasonal change of the wind field,theability of the present model is improved as compared with that of the previous one.Based on the simulations,the authors investigate the effects of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau snow cover on theformation of South Asian monsoon by thickcning the snow depth and by increasing the snow albedo.Themain results arc as follows:The summer meridional circulation over the south of the Plateau and its vicinityis weakeued,and the precipitation reduced.However,over the northern tropics,the circulation is enhanced,and the ecipitation is increased,and the land and the air above it become warmer,the tropical easterly jetis weakened.  相似文献   

青藏高原冬春季雪盖对东亚夏季大气环流影响的数值试验   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

卢咸池罗勇 《应用气象学报》1994,5(4):385-393

利用ＩＡＰ２－ＬＡＧＣＭ进行了青藏高原冬春季雪盖异常对东亚夏季大气环流、加热场和降水影响的数值试验。结果表明，该影响十分显著，持续性很强。当高原冬春季雪盖异常增厚、范围扩大时，夏季（ＪＪＡ）高原地区及我国北方５００ｈＰａ位势高度降低，南方变高，西太平洋副高减弱。大气对雪盖异常的响应呈明显的波列特征。我国北方大部地区土壤温度降低，南方土壤温度升高。夏季各月降水异常分布形势并不完全一致，但与同期５００ｈＰａ高度场异常分布形势有关。  相似文献   

青藏高原雪盖异常对我国环流和降水的影响   总被引：34，自引：4，他引：34       下载免费PDF全文

徐国昌  李珊 《应用气象学报》1994,5(1):62-67

利用美国NOAA NESDIS提供的1975—1986年青藏高原地区卫星雪盖资料，作出了各月冬季青藏高原雪盖频率图。发现1—3月是高原雪盖面积最大的月份，在此期间高原雪盖面积有明显的持续性，并与欧亚雪盖面积有较高的一致性。根据3月高原雪盖异常与中国环流和降水的关系，发现高原雪盖异常的后延冷却效应较弱，大约不足一个月；3月高原多雪以后，5月东亚北风加大，南岭以北降水偏少，少雪年则相反。  相似文献   

甘肃古浪、景泰活断层上的树木地震学研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

杨斌  刘百篪 《地震地质》1995,17(2):139-147

在树木地震学测年技术研究的基础上，沿古浪活断层西段鉴定和评价了数百棵树。对树木生长速率及年轮比率低值偏离的３种类型进行了有效的识别。结果表明：断崖上被破坏的青海云杉中，记录的结构和生长速率异常，可以归因于１９２７年５月２３日古浪８级大地震的影响。从而为古浪地震断层的判定提供了准确的年代证据。并将前人认为的古浪地震断层位置向冷龙岭北麓南移了３０余公里。用该方法在老虎山活断层上对１８８８年１１月２日景秦６１／４级地震破裂带定年，再次获得成效  相似文献   

青藏高原积雪的分布特征及其对地面反照率的影响   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7  

韦志刚  吕世华 《高原气象》1995,14(1):67-73

通过对１９８３年７月至１９９０年６月青藏高原主体５８个格点积雪资料进行ＥＯＦ分析发现，青藏高原主体积雪分布以西部兴都库什山脉。天山山脉以及南部喜马拉雅山脉为主；高原中部唐古拉山脉、北部昆仑山脉和东部巴颜喀拉山脉的积雪相对较少，青藏高原西部、南部的积雪变化与中部、北部和东部的积雪变化趋势存在反位相关系。另外，本文还对积雪对高原地面反照率的影响作了简单分析。  相似文献   

浅埋软弱地层隧道旋喷预衬砌支护技术的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李远宁  段玉刚吴胜 《探矿工程》2001,(5):58-61

论述了浅埋软弱地层隧道旋喷预衬砌支护的研究背景及国内外研究现状、室内试验、旋喷器具、施工工艺及应用情况,并与其它施工方法进行了对比,效益显著。  相似文献   

The Relative Impact of Regional Scale Land Cover Change and Increasing CO2 over China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Mei ZHAO  Andrew J. PITMAN 《大气科学进展》2005,22(1):58-68

A series of 17-yr equilibrium simulations using the NCAR CCM3 (T42 resolution) were performed to investigate the regional scale impacts of land cover change and increasing CO2 over China. Simulations with natural and current land cover at CO2 levels of 280,355, 430, and 505 ppmv were conducted. Results show statistically significant changes in major climate fields (e.g. temperature and surface wind speed) on a 15-yr average following land cover change. We also found increases in the maximum temperature and in the diurnal temperature range due to land cover change. Increases in CO2 affect both the maximum and minimum temperature so that changes in the diurnal range are small. Both land cover change and CO2 change also impact the frequency distribution of precipitation with increasing CO2 tending to lead to more intense precipitation and land cover change leading to less intense precipitation-indeed, the impact of land cover change typically had the opposite effect versus the impacts of CO2. Our results provide support for the inclusion of future land cover change scenarios in long-term transitory climate inodelling experiments of the 21st Century. Our results also support the inclusion of land surface models that can represent future land cover changes resulting from an ecological response to natural climate variability or increasing CO2. Overall, we show that land cover change can have a significant impact on the regional scale climate of China, and that regionally, this impact is of a similar magnitude to increases in CO2 of up to about 430 ppmv. This means that that the impact of land cover change must be accounted for in detection and attribution studies over China.  相似文献