乳山湾外海溶氧低值区细菌多样性初步研究     

崔志松  王绍良  臧家业  冉祥滨 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(3):369-379

采用化学裂解法从乳山湾外海溶氧低值区不同溶解氧质量浓度(3.7～7.0mg.L-1)的6个站位海水样品中提取了环境DNA样品。以试剂盒纯化后的DNA样品为模板扩增其16SrRNA基因V3区,通过变性梯度凝胶电泳、分子文库构建及DNA测序对溶氧低值区海水中的细菌群落结构进行研究。结果表明,乳山湾外海溶氧低值区不同溶解氧质量浓度的6个站位底层海水样品中的细菌群落结构是相似的,它们均由隶属于Alteromonas(交替单胞菌属)、Salegentibacter(需盐杆菌属)等10个属的18种细菌组成。系统发育分析发现这些细菌分别属于α变形菌纲(2种)、γ变形菌纲(12种)和黄杆菌纲(3种)三个大类。在乳山湾外海溶氧低值区的海水样品中细菌多样性最高的类群是γ变形菌纲。  相似文献   

大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)低温胁迫耐受性能与体表蛋白组学研究     

黄智慧  商晓梅  薛宝贵  马爱军  王新安  杨志  曲江波  王宝义 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(3):638-644

采用急性低温胁迫实验方法,通过对实验鱼的死亡率、死亡历时、摄食量以及呼吸频率等耐寒指标进行比较分析,并由此分析结果判断幼鱼的低温临界温度为0℃,在此温度基础上,利用双向电泳技术,对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼进行体表蛋白水平上的耐受机理研究。根据低温胁迫组和常温对照组机体表皮蛋白组图谱差异进行比较分析。结果表明,低温胁迫后蛋白发生了显著变化。从中挑选四个差异蛋白点进行肽指纹图谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)分析,采用PMF技术和MASCOT、NCBI网站提供的检索工具进行鉴定,结果显示,低温胁迫组大菱鲆表皮MLC和Mimecan前体蛋白表达显著上调,而typeⅡ角蛋白表达显著下调。大菱鲆对低温胁迫是一个复杂的网络反应,涉及很多蛋白质的参与,这些低温响应蛋白在大菱鲆对低温胁迫的抗性反应中起到重要的作用。  相似文献   

一种用于三维辐照剂量检测的光学CT技术     

王培玮  王贤刚  徐沔 《CT理论与应用研究》2009,18(1):63-68

放射治疗已经发展到3D适形和调强阶段,使得剂量不但具有3D空间分布而且随时间变化,传统的3D水箱的静态测量方式已经不能满足剂量验证的要求。本论文提出了用组织等效性好的辐射敏感材料制成模体,模体辐照后产生辐射效应并存储空间剂量分布信息,然后采用OCT读出剂量分布,从而完成测量任务,发展成3D凝胶剂量学。本课题设计研制了用于聚合物凝胶模体3D剂量检测的光学CT系统,采用锥束投照扫描,帧投影采集方式,对约580 nm波长可见光的衰减系数进行图像重建,并在此基础上描绘等剂量图等放疗临床需要的剂量学资料。OCT的扫描重建时间,分辨能力,剂量响应等都得到满意的结果。采用自制的MAGIC测量模体,用6 MV医用加速器的X射线进行照射,空间剂量分布信息存储稳定,并得到满意的剂量图。  相似文献   

交换液酸碱度对OTAC在蒙脱石中吸附及复合物凝胶粘度影响     

邱俊  刘栋梁  姜姗  李国青  陈平  吕宪俊 《矿物岩石》2019,39(2):8-13

在蒙脱石有机改性体系中,交换液酸碱度对蒙脱石荷电性以及十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(OTAC)的电离度影响很大,进而影响OTAC在蒙脱石中的吸附以及制备复合物的凝胶粘度。研究发现,在pH=3的强酸性交换体系中,蒙脱石端面可变电荷为正电荷,OTAC阳离子和蒙脱石之间静电斥力的存在不利于OTAC在蒙脱石上的吸附,吸附量和吸附率分别是0.943CEC和85.7%,制备复合物的凝胶粘度最低,分别是μ0min为45.67Pa·s,μ30min为16.52Pa·s;在pH=10的弱碱性交换体系中,由于蒙脱石层面和端面均带有负电荷,静电引力更有利于OTAC阳离子在蒙脱石层间交换及表面吸附,其吸附量和吸附率最高,分别为1.097CEC和99.71%,制备复合物的凝胶粘度也较高,分别是μ0min为95.93Pa·s,μ30min为37.67Pa·s;在强碱性交换体系中,当pH=11和13时,蒙脱石对OTAC的吸附量和吸附率降低明显,吸附量分别为1.08CEC和1.058CEC,吸附率分别降到98.20%和96.18%,对应复合物的μ0min分别为96.52Pa·s和93.52Pa·s,μ30min分别为36.57Pa·s和36.53Pa·s,究其原因由于交换液中OTAC阳离子和高浓度的钠离子在蒙脱石层间和表面存在竞争吸附导致蒙脱石层间钠离子的交换难度加大。  相似文献   

汾河特大桥大直径超深旋挖钻孔灌注桩施工技术          下载免费PDF全文

杨联锋  彭志平  孙智杰 《探矿工程》2019,46(7):89-63

蒙华铁路汾河特大桥桩基具有桩径大、钻孔深、地层复杂等特点。在施工过程中遇到了钻孔成孔后缩径、沉渣超标、钢筋笼位移等问题。通过认真分析探索,总结出了旋挖钻机在松散砂层施工条件下的泥浆配置方法、膨胀土缩径现象的处理措施、防止钢筋笼位移的有效工具,有效保障了工程质量、降低了施工成本,产生了一定的社会效益和经济效益。  相似文献   

Effect of high salinity on cell growth and protein production of Antarctic ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L     

郑洲  缪锦来  阚光峰  金青  丁燏  刘芳明  王守强  王以斌 《极地研究(英文版)》2010,21(1):81-90

Antarctic ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L can survive and thrive in Antarctic sea ice. In this study, Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L could survive at the salinity of 132‰ NaCl. SDS-PAGE showed that the density of 2 bands (26 and 36 kD) decreased obviously at the salinity of 99‰ NaCl compared to at the salinity of 33‰ NaCl. The soluble proteins in Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L grown under salinity of 33‰ and 99% NaCl were compared by 2-D gel electrophoresis. After shocking with high salinity, 8 protein spots were found to disappear, and the density of 28 protein spots decreased. In addition, 19 protein spots were enhanced or induced, including one new peptide (51 kD). The changes of proteins might be correlated with the resistance for Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L to high salinity.  相似文献   

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis shows that bacterial communities change with mid-ocean ballast water exchange     

Akiko Tomaru  Masanobu Kawachi  Yasuwo Fukuyo 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(2):299-255

Ships carry ballast water for better stability and to control trim. However, the discharge of ballast water near ports is known to transport invasive species from one coastal area to another. The exchange of ballast water on the high seas is supposed to reduce such invasions of exotic species. In this study, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to analyze the composition of the bacterial community in ballast water before and after such a mid-ocean exchange, and we also measured total bacterial counts. Our findings confirmed that the ballast water was replaced by the mid-ocean exchange, as indicated by the marked change in the composition of the bacterial community. There was also a significant decrease in bacterial abundance after the mid-ocean exchange. Finally, our findings support the incubation hypothesis, because the composition of the bacterial communities changed over time within the same ballast water.  相似文献   

Determination of Copper in Water Samples after Solid‐phase Extraction Using Dimethylglyoxime‐modified Silica     

Burcu Anilan  Tevfik Gedikbey  Sibel Tunali Akar 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(4):344-352

This work describes the modification of silica gel with dimethylglyoxime, in order to prepare an effective sorbent for the preconcentration and determination of copper. The sorption capacity of dimethylglyoxime‐modified silica‐gel (DMGMS) was 71.37 mg g^–1 and the optimum pH for the quantitative recovery of copper was found to be 5.0. The optimum flow rate, sorbent amount, and sample volume were 1 mL min^–1, 300 mg, and 50 mL, respectively. 10 mL of 0.1 mol L^–1 HCl was the most suitable eluent. The detection limit of copper was 6.0 ng mL^–1. The recommended method, for the determination of copper, is simple and reliable, without any notable matrix effect and can be successfully applied to environmental water samples. Copper recovery in the range from 99–100% was obtained from seawater and thermal spring water using this method. The method was applied to standard reference materials, NIST‐1515 (apple leaves) and NIST‐1643e (simulated fresh water), for the determination of copper and the results were in good agreement with certified values.  相似文献   

PAHs contamination and bacterial communities in mangrove surface sediments of the Jiulong River Estuary, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Tian Y  Liu HJ  Zheng TL  Kwon KK  Kim SJ  Yan CL 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):707-715

Sixteen sediment samples collected from eight transects in a mangrove swamp of the Jiulong River Estuary, Fujian, China were investigated for their content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the biodegradation potential of the indigenous microorganisms. The bacterial community structures in the mangrove sediments and in enrichment cultures were also investigated. The results showed that the total PAHs concentration of mangrove sediments ranged from 280 to 1074 ng g(-1) dry weight, that the PAHs composition pattern in the mangrove sediments was dominated by high molecular weight PAH components (4-6 rings), and that Benzo[ghi]perylene and Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were the most dominant at different stations. Abundant PAH-degrading bacteria were found in all the stations, the values of phenanthrene-degrading bacteria ranged from 5.85 x 10(4) to 7.80 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) dry weight, fluoranthene-degrading bacteria ranged from 5.25 x 10(4) to 5.79 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) dry weight, pyrene-degrading bacteria ranged from 3.10 x 10(4) to 6.97 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) dry weight and the benzo(a)pyrene-degrading bacteria ranged from 5.25 x 10(4) to 7.26 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) dry weight. DGGE analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA gene fragments confirmed that there was a remarkable shift in the composition of the bacterial community due to the addition of the different model PAH compound phenanthrene (three ring PAH), fluoranthene(four ring PAH), pyrene(four ring PAH) and benzo(a)pyrene(five ring PAH) during enrichment batch culture. Eleven strains were obtained with different morphology and different degradation ability. The presence of common bands for microbial species in the cultures and in the native mangrove sediment DNA indicated that these strains could be potential in situ PAH-degraders.  相似文献   

几种鱼皮胶原蛋白的理化特性及其影响因素   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

曾名勇  张联英  刘尊英  董士远  李八方 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(4):608-612

利用水产加工废弃物研究了鳙鱼、鲈鱼、鲫鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白的氨基酸组成、粘度、凝胶强度、热变性温度(Td)等理化特性及其影响因素。结果表明,在0．1mol／L的乙酸溶液中鱼皮胶原蛋白溶液的粘度随着胶原蛋白浓度的增大而增大,随着温度的升高而下降。热水法提取鳙鱼、鲈鱼、鲫鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白的热变性温度分别为30℃,25℃,27℃。鱼皮胶原蛋白的凝胶强度则随着粘度、温度、pH值、外加介质等的变化而变化。  相似文献