地铁隧道盾构施工引起的工程性地面沉降研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨天亮  严学新  王寒梅  詹龙喜 《上海国土资源》2010,31(Z1)

基于上海地区地铁隧道盾构施工引发的工程性地面沉降机理分析,采用数值分析和数学拟合方法,对盾构埋深、地层损失率、盾构半径和穿越土层性质等因素与地面沉降影响范围和最大沉降量之间的基本规律分别进行了深入的分析研究,给出了它们之间各自的定量关系式,并在盾构施工实例中进行了分析和验证。  相似文献   

Replacement of Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oils Improves the Growth and Flesh Quality of Large Yellow Croaker （Larmichthys crocea）   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

DUAN Qingyuan  MAI Kangsen  SHENTU Jikang  AI Qinghui  ZHONG Huiying  JIANG Yujian  ZHANG Lu  ZHANG Chunxiao  GUO Sitong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):445-452

We investigated the effect of the replacement of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils on the growth and flesh quality of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea). The basal diet(FO) was formulated to contain 66.5% fish meal and 6.4% menhaden fish oil; whereas the other 3 experimental diets were formulated by replacing the fish oil with 50% soybean oil(SO50), 100% soybean oil(SO100) and 100% palm oil(PO100), respectively. The 4 diets were randomly assigned to 4 floating sea cages(3.0 m × 3.0 m × 3.0 m), and each was stocked with 250 fish individuals with an initial average weight of 245.29 g ± 7.45 g. The fish were fed to apparent satiation twice a day at 5:00 and 17:00, respectively, for 12 weeks. Experimental analysis showed that the specific growth rate of fish fed SO50 or PO100 were significantly higher than that of fish fed FO or SO100(P0.05), and crude lipid contents of ventral muscle and viscera were significantly lower in fish fed FO than in those fed the other 3 diets(P0.05). No significant differences in condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, gutted yield and colorimetric values of fish among the dietary treatments were observed(P0.05). Compared to FO diet, SO50, SO100 and PO100 diets led to substantial decreases in the liquid loss and water loss from fresh fillets(1 d, 4℃)(P0.05). Similarly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) values of fillets under different storage conditions(1 d, 4℃; 7 d, 4℃; 4 weeks,-20℃; 8 weeks,-20℃) decreased significantly after partial or complete replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils. These findings indicated that the growth performance and selected flesh quality properties(liquid holding capacity and TBARS value) of large yellow croaker were substantially improved by replacing dietary fish oil with vegetable oils.  相似文献   

Damming of large river by debris flow: Dynamic process and particle composition     

Cui Du  Ling-kan Yao  Subhashsagar Shakya  Lun-gui Li  Xiao-dan Sun 《山地科学学报》2014,11(3):634-643

The frequency and extent of debris flows have increased tremendously due to the extreme weather and the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008. Previous studies focused on the debris flow from gullies damming the mountain streams. In this paper, an equation for the run-out distance of debris flow in the main river is proposed based on the dynamic equation of debris flow at different slopes given by Takahashi. By undertaking field investigations and flume experiments, a new calculation method of the volume of debris flow damming large river is obtained. Using the percolation theory and the renormalization group theory it was deduced that the large particles should comprise more than 50% for forming a stable debris flow dam. Hence, the criteria of damming large river by debris flow is presented in terms of run-out distance and grain composition which was then validated through the event of damming river by debris flow at Gaojia gully, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, Sichuan, China, on July 3, 2011.  相似文献   

内蒙古高原中东部地区137Cs背景值的确定方法(英文)     

胡云锋  刘纪远  巴图娜存  甄霖 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,(6)

In isotope 137 Cs tracing studies, it is a premise to determine suitable 137 Cs reference inventory(CRI) plots and the CRI values. Owing to the heterogeneous spatial distribution of 137 Cs deposition in the ground and diverse, or even irregular, operations in sampling and testing procedures, CRI determination is usually faced with many difficulties and uncertainties. In addition, more difficulties occur in an investigation of a large-scale region because of time constraints and measurement cost limitations. In this study, traditional CRI acquiring methods were summarized first, and then a new complex scheme was established, involving seven core steps and coupling the model estimate and sample measurement. The above CRI determination methodology was implemented in the central-eastern Inner Mongolia Plateau. The case study results showed that the CRI in the dark chestnut soil sub-region, located in the east and south of Xing'an City, exhibited 2447 Bq·m–2; the CRI in the aeolian sandy soil sub-region, positioned in the south central Tongliao City and central Chifeng City, showed 2430 Bq·m–2; the CRI in the sandy chernozem soil sub-region, situated in the northwestern Chifeng City, presented 2384 Bq·m–2; and the CRI in the chestnut soil sub-region, in the southern Xilin Gol City, was 2368 Bq·m–2. The newly proposed CRI determination scheme was proved effective, and the determined CRI plots and CRI values were convincing. The methodology offered a framework for 137 Cs tracing studies in large-scale regions or long-distance transects.  相似文献   

新疆哈密大降水的大气环流特征分型     

屠月青  ;孔海江 《干旱气象》2014,(4):642-648

利用1951~2012年新疆哈密市的观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,对造成哈密市大降水(12.0 mm)的大气环流特征进行合成分析。结果发现造成哈密站大降水的大气环流分为4种类型:横槽型、低涡型、低槽(ω)型和不稳定小槽型。其中出现暴雨以上降水(24 h降水量24.0 mm)的个例集中在低槽(ω)型;横槽型个例的降水量在13.0~22.0 mm之间;低涡型个例的降水量分布相对均匀,在15.0~20.0 mm之间;不稳定小槽型个例的降水量偏少,全部在18.0 mm以下。4种类型的大气环流特征主要在对流层中高层差异明显。横槽型中低纬度环流平直,其横槽的北部是西北气流,南亚高压是青藏高压西部型;低涡型的中低纬度,在孟加拉湾有低槽,低槽的北部有低涡存在,低涡西面的脊偏强,其南亚高压是青藏高压东部型;低槽(ω)型东部的脊偏强,呈西北东南向,南亚高压是伊朗高压型;不稳定小槽型的南亚高压为伊朗高原到青藏高原东部的带状,500 hPa位势高度场上,85°E以西是平直的偏西气流,新疆东部地区有一小的短波槽。  相似文献   

CFD-based numerical analysis of a variable cross-section cylinder     

Jinlong Duan  Weiping Huang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(4):584-588

Using ANSYS-CFX, a general purpose fluid dynamics program, the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a variable cross-section cylinder is simulated under uniform current with high Reynolds numbers. Large eddy simulation (LES) is conducted for studying the fluid-structure interaction. The vortex shedding in the wake, the motion trajectories of a cylinder, the variation of drag and lift forces on the cylinder are analyzed. The results show that the vortices of variable cross-section cylinder are chaotic and are varying along the cylinder. In places where cross-sections are changing significantly, the vortices are more irregular. The motion trail of the cylinder is almost the same but irregular. The drag and lift coefficients of the cylinder are varying with the changes of diameters.  相似文献   

Dynamics of large-truncated mooring systems coupled with a catenary moored semi-submersible   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

徐胜  嵇春艳 《中国海洋工程》2014,28(2):149-162

With the floating structures pushing their activities to the ultra-deep water,model tests have presented a challenge due to the limitation of the existing wave basins.Therefore,the concept of truncated mooring system is implemented to replace the full depth mooring system in the model tests,which aims to have the same dynamic responses as the full depth system.The truncated mooring system plays such a significant role that extra attention should be paid to the mooring systems with large truncation factor.Three different types of large truncation factor mooring system are being employed in the simulations,including the homogenously truncated mooring system,non-homogenously truncated mooring system and simplified truncated mooring system.A catenary moored semi-submersible operating at 1000 m water depth is presented.In addition,truncated mooring systems are proposed at the truncated water depth of 200 m.In order to explore the applicability of these truncated mooring systems,numerical simulations of the platform’s surge free decay interacting with three different styles of truncated mooring systems are studied in calm water.Furthermore,the mooring-induced damping of the truncated mooring systems is simulated in the regular wave.Finally,the platform motion responses and mooring line dynamics are simulated in irregular wave.All these simulations are implemented by employing full time domain coupled dynamic analysis,and the results are compared with those of the full depth simulations in the same cases.The results show that the mooring-induced damping plays a significant role in platform motion responses,and all truncated mooring systems are suitable for model tests with appropriate truncated mooring line diameters.However,a large diameter is needed for simplified truncated mooring lines.The suggestions are given to the selection of truncated mooring system for different situations as well as to the truncated mooring design criteria.  相似文献   

云中积冰过程微物理参量演变规律的数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周悦  ;周月华  ;牛生杰  ;吕晶晶 《南京气象学院学报》2014,(4):441-448

利用耦合Thompson参数化物理方案的WRF（weather research and forecasting）中尺度数值模式,对发生在2008/2009年和2009/2010年冬季恩施雷达站处三次积冰过程的边界层特征和云雾微物理量进行了模拟,并与实测结果进行了对比分析.模拟结果较好地反映了恩施雷达站上空多逆温影响的温度层结特征;云水质量浓度和云雾滴中值体积直径的模拟值与观测值的平均绝对误差分别为10-2g·m-3和3.8μm;恩施雷达站上空存在一个质量浓度为0.3g ·m-3左右的高值中心,其逐渐下移接地,给积冰过程带来充足水汽,且此时通常也有降雨出现.  相似文献   

低精度INS／GPS组合导航大方位失准角初始对准方案     

吴松羽  王可东 《全球定位系统》2014,(6):1-5

在低精度MEMS-IMU和GPS组合导航中,由于IMU的精度问题,无法通过传统的解析方法实现方位失准角的粗对准,造成了大方位失准角问题,从而导致系统的强非线性。通过变换状态量,用方位失准角的两个三角函数代替方位失准角作为状态量,建立了新的线性系统方程。用改进奇异值分解法对新对准系统进行可观测度分析,完成了车载导航试验,结果表明：本初始对准方案在低精度的组合导航中具有很好的对准精度和对准速度。  相似文献   

三维技术在新疆若羌坡一镍矿找矿预测中的运用     

王恒  王鹏  李建  邓刚  满毅  王磊 《江苏地质》2014,38(3):435-440

新疆若羌北山地区坡—镍矿为近期发现、评价的超大型岩浆硫化物型铜镍矿床,目前已查明的镍金属资源量达130万t.由于坡北地区岩浆活动频繁,岩相组成复杂,认为坡一成矿岩体为早二叠形成的复式岩体.通过对坡一镍矿岩相学、岩石学的对比研究,总结出各岩相的时空关系,甄别出主要成矿岩体,并结合各岩相所反映出的地球物理特征,建立了三维地质模型及物理模型.通过对比研究,指明坡一镍矿下一步找矿方向,通过三维预测对找矿远景进行了探讨.  相似文献