GPS定位作业模式的探讨     

施品浩 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1992,(2)

本文扼要回顾GPS定位技术发展概况后,探讨了GPS定位作业模式的新概念。为了便于理解起见,本文以WILD GPS 200测量系统为例,说明了目前测绘生产中最常用及实际可能投入使用的几种作业模式,并阐明了作业模式选择的原则和方法。毋庸置疑,改进并完善现有作业模式,研究并开发新的作业模式,以便更高效、更广泛的应用GPS定位技术,将不仅是接收机厂商也是广大用户的紧迫任务。  相似文献   

ESF中一种重要新波模的探讨          下载免费PDF全文

吴颖  王敬芳 《地球物理学报》1992,35(1):9-16

本文从计入离子-中性粒子碰撞频率Vin效应的等离子体二流体方程组出发,导出统一描述ESF小尺度和中小尺度区域现象的二维静电模型.对模型方程进行了详细的线性波理论分析.结果表明,晚间赤道F层可存在正能波和负能波;Vin效应的影响是否重要依赖于波数和离子梯度漂移速度u_d乘积的大小.在小尺度区域,Vin影响较小,本文模型将变成我们已提出的小尺度无碰撞模型;而在中小尺度区域,Vin效应很重要,本文模型将得到著名的Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性结果,Vin项对波的影响可以是致稳作用也可能是失稳作用,RT不稳定性波模对应于负能波分支.  相似文献   

摩擦滑动对石英和方解石热释光性质的影响及其地震地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

马胜利  计风桔  马瑾  刘天昌  许秀琴 《地震地质》1992,14(4):341

通过高温高压实验及热释光测量建立了石英在100MPa和方解石在30MPa围压下剩余热释光强度随温度的变化曲线,以此为据,通过三轴摩擦实验前后样品的热释光测量,研究了相应围压、不同错动速率下摩擦滑动对石英和方解石剩余热释光强度的影响及其反映的温度变化。在此基础上,根据已有理论结果和实际资料,对利用热释光方法断代及推测断层活动方式的可能性等问题进行了讨论  相似文献   

Guided wave propagation across sharp lateral heterogeneities: the complete wavefield at plane vertical discontinuities   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Stefan Stange  Wolfgang Friederich 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,109(1):183-190

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砷、汞、锑、金矿床铊的赋存状态、成矿模式与找矿标志   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

张忠  龙江平  张宝贵 《地质论评》1995,41(4):63-370

研究表明,在砷、汞、锑、金矿床中普遍含有较高的铊,并发现富铊雄黄矿和铊单矿物。铊亲硫和亲石地球化学性质决定铊赋存形式。在岩矿石中铊主要呈单矿物,分散状态铊占次要地位。根据富铊雄黄矿床成矿特点,铊赋存状态,岩矿石中铊含量及其与砷、汞、锑、金相关关系,尝试性提出成矿模式和找矿标志。岩矿石中铊含量>10×10~(-6),5×10~(-6)—10×10~(-6),1×10~(-6)—5×10~(-6),分别为矿床、矿田和矿带的找矿标志。  相似文献   

Bed waves at the basin scale: implications for river management and restoration     

L. Allan James 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2006,31(13):1692-1706

An extensive literature about fluvial sediment waves, slugs or pulses has emerged in the past 20 years. The concept has been useful in many respects, but has been applied to diverse phenomena using a variety of definitions. Moreover, inferred linkages between channel‐bed changes and sediment loads are often not justifiable. This paper reviews concepts of large fluvial sediment waves at scales extending to several tens of kilometres. It points out constraints on the inferences that can be made about sediment loads based on changes in channel‐bed elevation at this scale where channel sediment interacts with storage in floodplain and terrace deposits. The type area of G. K. Gilbert's initial sediment‐wave concept is re‐examined to show that neither wave translation nor dispersion occurred in the simple manner commonly assumed. Channel aggradation and return to graded conditions provide an alternative theory explaining Gilbert's observed bed‐elevation changes. Recognizing the evidence and implications of the former passage of a large‐scale bed wave is essential to the accurate diagnosis of catchment conditions and the adoption of appropriate river restoration goals or methods. Sediment loads, water quality, channel morphologic stability and aquatic ecosystems often reflect changes in sediment storage long after the channel bed has returned to grade. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Restoration of submerged vegetation in shallow eutrophic lakes – A guideline and state of the art in Germany     

Sabine Hilt  Elisabeth M. Gross  Michael Hupfer  Harald Morscheid  Jens Mhlmann  Arnulf Melzer  Jens Poltz  Stefan Sandrock  Eva-Maria Scharf  Susanne Schneider  Klaus van de Weyer 《Limnologica》2006,36(3):155-171

One of the most serious problems caused by eutrophication of shallow lakes is the disappearance of submerged macrophytes and the switch to a turbid, phytoplankton-dominated state. The reduction of external nutrient loads often does not result in a change back to the macrophyte-dominated state because stabilising mechanisms that cause resilience may delay a response. Additional internal lake restoration measures may therefore be needed to decrease the concentration of total phosphorus and increase water clarity. The re-establishment of submerged macrophytes required for a long-term stability of clear water conditions, however, may still fail, or mass developments of tall-growing species may cause nuisance for recreational use. Both cases are often not taken into account when restoration measures are planned in Germany, and existing schemes to reduce eutrophication consider the topic inadequately. Here we develop a step-by-step guideline to assess the chances of submerged macrophyte re-establishment in shallow lakes. We reviewed and rated the existing literature and case studies with special regard on (1) the impact of different internal lake restoration methods on the development of submerged macrophytes, (2) methods for the assessment of natural re-establishment, (3) requirements and methods for artificial support of submerged macrophyte development and (4) management options of macrophyte species diversity and abundance in Germany. This guideline is intended to help lake managers aiming to restore shallow lakes in Germany to critically asses and predict the potential development of submerged vegetation, taking into account the complex factors and interrelations that determine their occurrence, abundance and diversity.  相似文献   

北京城市规划区水源热泵系统应用适宜性分区   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘立才  王金生  张霓  郭敏丽 《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(6):15-17

鉴于北京市水源热泵系统应用过程中存在地下水水资源因不能完全回灌造成浪费及运行效率未能充分发挥等问题,本文针对水源热泵系统运行过程中地下水的抽灌模式,根据北京规划市区的水文地质条件,对水源热泵系统应用的适宜性进行了分区,为水源热泵技术因地制宜、合理有序应用提供了科学的思路。  相似文献   

洞庭湖泥沙淤积数值模拟模式   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

施勇  栾震宇  胡四一 《水科学进展》2006,17(2):246-251

在确保沙量守恒的非恒定流、非均匀沙的二维水沙数学模型的基础上,通过洞庭湖水沙输运和河床变形计算实践,比较了两种冲泻质与床沙质的转化模式,提出了包括冲泻质在内的泥沙淤积模式和水沙动边界计算模式.从洞庭湖泥沙输运和河床变形计算的结果看,洞庭湖泥沙淤积数值模式具有较好的稳定性和较高的模拟精度,说明所建湖泊泥沙模型的良好性能和具有推广运用的前景.  相似文献   

山东济阳坳陷二氧化碳气成藏模式分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

郭栋  王兴谋  张金功 《现代地质》2006,20(3):441-448

山东济阳坳陷CO2气藏类型众多,成藏模式存在多样性。根据CO2气藏组分含量和同位素的分析结果,发现济阳坳陷CO2气藏以幔源成因为主,岩浆气源体是最重要的CO2气源体,火山岩体、火山通道和岩浆气源体附近的断裂对CO2气的运移成藏起关键作用。通过卸压条件下CO2的运移、CO2在断裂(裂缝)中的运移、CO2在孔隙—裂缝双重介质中的运移、CO2在砂质沉积物中的运移等一系列实验模拟,研究岩浆释出CO2气的运移成藏过程。结合已知气藏的运移成藏地质过程,建立济阳坳陷CO2气藏的3种地质模式,即侵入体—断裂—储集层转折成藏模式、侵入体—储集层直接成藏模式和埋藏火山通道—储集层直接成藏模式,为济阳坳陷CO2气成藏研究及其综合勘探奠定基础。  相似文献