漠河盆地科学钻探井MK-1地下冷环境中嗜热微生物的多样性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李建华  张亚丽  吕杰  杨红兵 《冰川冻土》2012,34(3):726-731

在漠河盆地科学钻探井MK-1地下110m冷环境样品中发现大量嗜热微生物存在的证据,针对这些冷环境中的嗜热菌进行了克隆文库分析和分离培养,分别用细菌和古菌16SrDNA引物PCR扩增.结果表明:未发现古菌16SrDNA存在,而嗜热细菌与栖热菌属(Thermus),地芽孢杆菌属(Geoba-cillus)和厌氧芽孢杆菌属(Anoxybacillus)有较近的亲缘关系,通过分离培养分离出3种地芽孢杆菌属(Geobacillus)的细菌,其相似度均为100%.嗜热微生物多存在于地下温暖有机质丰富的生态系统中,了解它们的来源、分布机制及其多样性对于能源和资源的寻找在一定程度上具有指示意义.  相似文献   

Stable isotopes and noble gases in the Xishimen gold deposit,central North China Craton: metallogeny associated with lithospheric thinning and crust–mantle interaction     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(14):1728-1743

Quartz-vein type gold mineralization at Xishimen is a recently discovered gold deposit in the central North China Craton. More than 50 auriferous quartz veins occur in this region within a NNW–SSE-trending fault zone 4600 m in length and 3–10 m wide. Wall rocks are mainly Precambrian tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) gneisses and associated supracrustals, modified by K-feldspathization and pyrite-phyllic hydrothermal alteration. Based on detailed field and petrographic studies, we identify five episodes of mineralization: pyrite-phyllic stage (I), coarse-grained pyrite-milky white quartz stage (II), fine-grained smoky grey quartz-pyrite stage (III), fine-grained smoky grey quartz-polymetallic sulphide stage (IV), and quartz-carbonate stage (V). We present results of δ³⁴S analysis of sulphide minerals from the different stages which show tightly clustered values in the range of –1.0‰ to 2.1‰, close to those of mantle and meteorite sulphur. Lead isotopic ratios of pyrite from the early to main stages also show restricted ranges with ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb of 16.289–17.286, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb of 15.217–15.453, ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb of 37.012–38.232, implying lower crustal input. ³He/⁴He and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar ratios of fluid trapped in pyrite are 0.68 Ra to 1.20 Ra (where Ra is the ³He/⁴He ratio of air = 1.4 × 10^?6) and 540.9–1065, respectively. ³He and ⁴Ar concentrations vary from 10.05 to 18.5 (10^?7 cm³STP/g) and 6.15 to 17.4 (10^?7cm³STP/g), respectively, with calculated mantle helium ranging from 8.47% to 14.96% (average 11.01%). δ¹⁸O_Q and δ¹⁸D_Q values of quartz range from 8.0‰ to 13.2‰ and –101.9‰ to –70.5‰, respectively, with calculated δ¹⁸O_W values of the mineralizing fluid ranging from 1.11‰ to 5.72‰, suggesting the mixing of magmatic aqueous fluid with meteoric water during gold precipitation. We correlate the mixed crust–mantle signature of the ore-forming sources to magmatism and metallogeny associated with Mesozoic inhomogeneous lithosphere thinning in the central North China Craton.  相似文献   

草莓状黄铁矿微晶形态和成分的地质意义——以栖霞组含泥灰岩为例     

李洪星  陆现彩  边立曾  马野牧  张雪芬  张壮志  丁子建 《矿物学报》2012,32(3):443-448

在湖北省京山县雁门口地区二叠世栖霞组上部的含泥灰岩中发现棘皮动物化石,其腔被不同形态微晶的草莓状黄铁矿充填,有正四面体、正六面体、五角十二面体和近球体。溶解氧与草莓状黄铁矿的形成过程有关,其浓度决定微晶的S/Fe。统计显示,黄铁矿的S/Fe平均值随微晶的边数增加而增加,所以,棘皮动物腔内草莓状黄铁矿形成由早及晚的次序为：近球体微晶,五角十二面体微晶,正六面体微晶,正四面体微晶的草莓状黄铁矿。同一环境中,黄铁矿微晶的S/Fe可用来指示形成次序。  相似文献   

河南内乡北部铅锌银矿床成矿物质来源的S、Pb同位素制约     

向世红  曹纪虎  薛春纪  张旭  李永峰  李丙奇  王新宇 《现代地质》2012,26(3):464-470

河南省内乡县北部大型铅锌银矿床产于北秦岭造山带朱夏断裂北侧的二郎坪地体内,形成于晚元古代—早古生代弧后盆地环境的(变质)火山-沉积建造。矿区已发现铅锌银矿(化)脉近百条,矿脉多呈板状、脉状充填于近垂直造山带的断裂构造中,其中以较大规模的Y1、Y3、Y6、Y10和Z2号脉为代表。在矿床地质研究的基础上,选取Y1、Y3、Y6和Z2号矿脉中闪锌矿矿石和Y10号矿脉中方铅矿矿石进行了S同位素组成分析,δ34SV-CDT范围为1.89‰～7.34‰,指示硫主要来源于赋矿的古生界海相地层中硫酸盐的热化学还原;矿石中方铅矿的Pb同位素组成206Pb/204Pb范围为18.229 4～18.384 5,207Pb/204Pb范围为15.608 9～15.643 4,208Pb/204Pb范围为38.516 0～38.715 2,矿石铅μ值范围为9.50～9.55,ω值范围为37.45～38.35,指示成矿金属物质来源于赋矿的古生界变质火山-沉积地层。研究表明内乡北部铅锌银矿区的成矿物质可能来自秦岭群和二郎坪地层。  相似文献   

云南羊拉铜矿床矿物组成、地球化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨喜安  刘家军  韩思宇  汪欢  罗诚  刘月东  翟德高 《现代地质》2012,26(2):229-242

云南羊拉铜矿床位于金沙江构造带中部,是三江地区一个十分典型的大型铜矿床。羊拉铜矿床的金属矿物为黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿、自然铋、辉铋矿、毒砂、辉砷钴矿、辉钼矿等,根据金属矿物的共生组合,推测羊拉铜矿床为中高温热液矿床。羊拉铜矿床与羊拉花岗闪长岩体具有密切的成因联系,通过对羊拉铜矿床铜矿石稀土元素、微量元素的分布特征和羊拉花岗闪长岩的对比及S、Pb同位素组成的研究,表明成矿物质主要来源于地幔,部分来源于岩浆。早二叠世晚期金沙江洋盆向西俯冲形成了一系列逆断层。同时,金沙江洋盆向西低角度俯冲导致下地壳部分熔融,引发大规模的火山岩浆作用。在晚三叠世早期,构造背景由挤压环境到伸展环境的转折期,这些逆断层具有张性的特点,为后期的成矿热液提供了有利的容矿构造。持续上升的岩浆为地幔楔内的成矿流体提供了通道,岩浆内的部分成矿流体进入羊拉花岗闪长岩体附近的逆断层富集成矿。  相似文献   

Illite Crystallinity Mapping of Very Low Grade Metamorphism of Triassic Metapelites in the Zoigê Area, Western China     

TANG Yan  SANG Longkang  YUAN Yanming  YU Jishun  ZHANG Yunpeng  QI Xianmao  YANG Yunlong 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(1):96-105

X-ray diffraction methods for estimating the metamorphic grade of diagenetic, anchizone and epizone in metapelites are reviewed and applied to samples from a 7000?m+ borehole in western China and surface samples from the surrounding Zoigê area. Kübler’s illite crystallinity (IC) measurements provide more consistent results than calculated values of percentage of illite in the I/S mixed layers and percentage of I/S mixed layers. Down-borehole IC values display a typical burial metamorphic relationship between stratigraphic level and IC. A method for preparing very low grade metamorphic maps is described, and isograds plotted on a regional geological map at selected values of IC, delineating a high temperature diagenetic zone, an anchizone, and an epizone. The map shows that IC values are controlled by stratigraphic level in the north of the study area (i.e. burial metamorphism), and proximity to an igneous intrusive body in the south (i.e. contact metamorphism).  相似文献   

国内外地震滑坡研究综述   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

张铎  吴中海  李家存  蒋瑶 《地质力学学报》2013,19(3):225-241

地震滑坡是大陆内部山区大地震活动中最为常见的地震地质灾害类型,不仅数量多、规模大,而且危害性极大,常会对人类活动造成特别严重的损害,分析研究地震滑坡对地震灾害危险性评价和防震减灾工作极为重要。通过系统总结和梳理国内外地震滑坡的研究现状,对地震滑坡的发育规律、动力机理以及"3S"技术在地震滑坡研究中的应用等方面进行了较为全面的论述。  相似文献   

Trends in the training and employment of geoscientists in Australia from 1967 to 1978     

D. A. Berkman 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):83-88

There are now 14 universities and 8 colleges of advanced education in Australia with geology or earth science departments, which comprised 278 professional staff, 2020 undergraduates, and 556 graduate students in 1978. Academic staff, engaged in a wide range of research, represent less than 10 percent of the total number of Australian geoscientists. Almost all non‐academic employers (98 percent of the sample) presently accept a graduate with a B.Sc. (Hons) degree, while 85 percent accept a B.Sc pass degree. About 65 percent of non‐academic geologists work for industry, and the remainder are employed by government surveys and research organisations. Mining and mineral exploration employ 76 percent of the geologists in industry, followed by petroleum exploration with 11 percent. Geologists make up 83 percent of geoscientists in non‐academic employment, the remainder being geophysicists 15 percent and geochemists 2 percent. Information on vacancies available in early 1979 suggests that all the recent graduates would be absorbed by government and industry, and pointed to a resurgence in demand for qualified geoscientists. There has been striking growth in the number of consulting/contracting geological firms, with 65 firms employing 242 geoscientists replying to the 1978 census.  相似文献   

Upper Ordovician graptolites from the Wagonga Beds near Batemans Bay,New South Wales     

C. J. Jenkins  P. R. Kidd  K. J. Mills 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3-4):367-373

Two graptolite faunas are described from outcrops of the Wagonga Beds near Batemans Bay on the south coast of N.S.W. They are of late Eastonian and early Bolindian age. The faunas have been found in two geographically separate localities and, in spite of structural complexities, it is now suggested that the greater part of the Wagonga Beds was deposited in the Late Ordovician. The chert and volcanicrich Wagonga Beds were accumulated prior to, or as contemporaneous lateral facies equivalents of, the thick undifferentiated Upper Ordovician ‘slates and grey‐wackes unit’ that crops out in the same general region.  相似文献   

Fractal Features of the Boundary Dynamic Evolution of the Dry Valley in the Upper Reaches of Min River     

LIU Yanguo  WANG Qing  HUANG Chengmin  GUO Yalin  LU Hao 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):952-952

  相似文献