Potential of Oil Palm Trunk Sap as a Novel Inexpensive Renewable Carbon Feedstock for Polyhydroxyalkanoate Biosynthesis and as a Bacterial Growth Medium     

Bhadravathi Eswara Lokesh  Zubaidah Aimi Abdul Hamid  Takamitsu Arai  Akihiko Kosugi  Yoshinori Murata  Rokiah Hashim  Othman Sulaiman  Yutaka Mori  Kumar Sudesh 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(3):310-317

Utilization of cheap renewable carbon feedstock for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production not only brings down its production cost but also ensures sustainability. The scope of this study was to evaluate the potential of sap extracted from felled oil palm trunk (OPT) as a novel inexpensive renewable carbon source for PHA production. OPT sap was found to be nutritionally rich and contained various fermentable sugars (5.5% w/v) as its major constituent. Termite gut isolate, Bacillus megaterium MC1 grew profoundly in mineral medium with OPT sap as carbon source and a cell density of 10.9 g/L was attained after 16 h of cultivation in shake flask cultures. A maximum poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)] content (% cell dry weight; CDW) of 30 wt% and a P(3HB) concentration of 3.28 g/L was recorded. Additionally, OPT sap extracted from younger tree trunks with prolonged storage had higher sugar content (10.8% w/v) and, when used as a growth medium without the addition of any nutrients, supported bacterial growth comparable to commercially available media.  相似文献   

Genetic transformation of marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. CC9311 (Cyanophyceae) by electroporation     

陈华新  林瀚智  姜鹏  李富超  秦松 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(2):416-420

Synechococcus sp.CC9311 is a marine cyanobacterium characterized by type IV chromatic acclimation(CA).A genetic transformation system was developed as a first step to elucidate the molecular mechanism of CA.The results show that Synechococcus sp.CC9311 cells were sensitive to four commonly used antibiotics:ampicillin,kanamycin,spectinomycin,and chloramphenicol.An integrative plasmid to disrupt the putative phycoerythrin lyase gene mpeV,using a kanamycin resistance gene as selectable marker,was constructed by recombinant polymerase chain reaction.The plasmid was then transformed into Synechococcus sp.CC9311 via electroporation.High transformation efficiency was achieved at a field strength of 2 kV/cm.DNA analysis showed that mpeV was fully disrupted following challenge of the transformants with a high concentration of kanamycin.In addition,the transformants that displayed poor growth on agar SN medium could be successfully plated on agarose SN medium.  相似文献   

Phenotypic plasticity in Bacillus cereus strains isolated from various Antarctic habitats     

Rupesh Kumar  Sinha Kottekkatu  Padinchati Krishnan 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):213-222

We studied five strains of psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus （B. cereus） isolated from Antarctic snow （BCsn）, ice （BCic）, lake water （BCwt）, sediment （BCsd）, and soil （BCsl） samples in terms of their growth, biochemical properties, and heat shock re- sponses. Analyses of growth kinetics at 4℃ showed that BCsn had the fastest generation time （16.1 h）, whereas BCWT had the slowest （30.8 h）. Strain BCsd formed the largest zone of lipid hydrolysis （18 mm） whereas BCsn formed the smallest zone （3 mm）.Only BCsd produced gelatinase. These physiological differences illustrate adaptations of B. cereus isolates to different niches. Strains BCsl and BCwr were resistant to all 12 of the antibiotics tested. Strains BCsn, BCio, and BCsd were resistant to cell wall synthesis inhibitors （penicillin and ampicillin） and susceptible to protein synthesis inhibitors （tetracycline and streptomycin）. A carbon-substrate utilization assay revealed that BCsn, BCic and BCwr could specifically utilize D-glucose-6-phosphate, salicin, and 2＇-deoxyadenosine, respectively, indicating a degree of metabolic diversity among these Antarctic B. cereus strains. An analy- sis of heat shock proteins （HSPs） produced in response to a 60℃ heat treatment revealed significant variations in the amounts of HSP33 （p = 0.01, df= 4）, HSP44 （p = 0.003, dr= 4）, and HSP60 （p = 0.04, df= 4） among the strains. This emphasizes the impor- tance of HSPs in bacterial taxonomy. These results show that there are considerable adaptive variations among B. cereus strains from extremophilie environments. This could be significant in evaluating the taxonomy and evolution of this species.  相似文献   

海月水母水螅体附着选择性研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王彦涛  孙松  李超伦 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(6):1091-1095

通过室内实验研究了海月水母(Aurelia sp.1)浮浪幼虫在活体牡蛎、牡蛎壳、扇贝壳、波纹板、网衣(200μm)、PV管等材料上的附着选择性和水螅体在竹竿和水泥块上的增殖问题。实验表明,浮浪幼虫对人工材料(波纹板、网衣、PV管)具有偏好性,附着密度较大;水平放置的附着材料底部附着更多的水螅体。水螅体可以通过无性繁殖方式在新的栖息地形成水螅体种群,种群扩张过程中存在密度限制,较低密度时水螅体种群增长较快,高密度时水螅体种群增长较慢。作者认为,日益增加的海洋废弃物(塑料、玻璃、木材),以及海底构造物(海水养殖筏、海洋工程)为水螅体提供了更多的附着表面,这有利于水螅体栖息地的扩张,形成更大的水螅体种群。  相似文献   

温度、投饵频次对海月水母(Aurelia sp.1) 水螅体生长和繁殖的影响     

王彦涛  孙松  李超伦  张芳 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(5):900-904

水母暴发是一个全球广泛关注的生态问题,水螅体阶段的环境影响是研究水母暴发的重要切入点。本实验从温度(10,15,20,25℃)和投饵频次(无投喂,每周投喂,每天投喂)两个角度进行研究。结果表明,温度对横裂过程、碟状体产生过程影响显著,饵料对水螅体数量影响显著。水螅体从20℃降温至10℃和15℃可发生横裂产生碟状体,适宜横裂的温度范围内,相对高温和充足饵料有利于释放更多碟状体;适宜横裂的温度范围外,相对高温和充足饵料有利于水螅体数量的增加。适宜横裂的温度范围持续时间达到水螅体的响应时间阈值,才能够完成从底栖阶段的水螅体到浮游阶段水母体的转化。  相似文献   

石斑鱼肠道原籍嗜冷杆菌( PsychrobacterSP.)SE6作为益生菌的体内外评价     

杨红玲  马如龙  孙云章 《海洋学报》2012,34(2):129-135

研究了石斑鱼肠道原籍嗜冷杆菌SE6在体外的抑菌特性及对人工胃肠液的耐受特性,在此基础上研究了饲料中添加SE6(108CFU/g)对斜带石斑鱼生长性能和免疫功能的影响。体外试验结果表明:SE6对副溶血弧菌、哈维氏弧菌、梅氏弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等常见水产致病菌均有一定的抑制作用。pH为4.0的人工胃液能促进SE6的生长,处理2和4 h存活率分别为110.7%和173.0%;pH为3.0的人工胃液处理2 h后活菌数为1.59×105 CFU/cm3,存活率为1.36%,但SE6不能耐受pH为2.0的人工胃液。经浓度分别为0.1%,0.3%,0.5%和0.7%的胆盐处理3 h后,SE6的存活率分别为89.17%,88.33%,77.17%和12.33%。动物试验结果显示:投喂SE6 60 d后试验组饵料系数(0.95±0.01)显著低于对照组(1.03±0.02)。试验组血清补体C3在试验全期均高于对照组,补体C4含量在投喂SE6 60 d时显著上升。血清IgM含量在投喂30 d时显著上升。总之,嗜冷杆菌SE6能抑制多种常见病原菌的生长,而且对模拟胃肠道环境具有一定的耐受能力,添加到饲料中能显著提高石斑鱼饵料利用率,增强动物的免疫功能。  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from seagrass rhizosphere soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Upasana Ghosh  Ponnambalam Subhashini  Elangovan Dilipan  Subramanian Raja  Thirunavukarassu Thangaradjou  Lakshmanan Kannan 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):86-92

Phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strains(6 Nos.) were isolated from the rhizosphere soils of two seagrasses(Halophila ovalis(R.Br.) Hook and Halodule pinifolia(Miki) Hartog) in the Vellar estuary.Experimental studies found that the strain PSSG6 was effective in phosphate solubilization with Phosphate Solubilization efficiency index E = 375 ± 8.54,followed by the strain PSSG5 with Phosphate Solubilization efficiency index E = 275 ± 27.3.Of the 6 strains isolated,the strains PSSG4 and PSSG5 be-longed to the genus Bacillus,and PSSG1,PSSG2 and PSSG3 were identified as Citrobacter sp.,Shigella sp.,and Klebsiella sp.,respectively,by conventional method,and PSSG6 was identified as Bacillus circulans using conventional and molecular methods.  相似文献   

New species of benthopelagic copepod Xantharus (Calanoida: Scolecitrichidae) from the upper slope,eastern central New Zealand     

Janet M. Bradford‐Grieve 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):941-949

Xantharus Andronov, 1981 is reported, for the first time from New Zealand, from the upper slope (306 m) off the southeastern coast of North Island (41°04.10′S, 176°22.05′E). Xantharus cryeri n. sp. females differ from the three known species by a combination of characters: antennules that extend to the distal border of pedigerous somite 2; ancestral segment XVIII of the antennule with 1 seta; mandible basis with 3 setae; maxilla endite 1 with 5 setae; leg 1 basis with inner distal border lined with small spinules; and leg 5 is squat, with all segments as long as wide and the 2 terminal spine‐like extensions of the terminal segment approximately as long as the articulated, inner, subterminal spine.  相似文献   

荣成天鹅湖大叶藻(Zostera marina)间2种小型腹足类的分类学研究     

刘静  管洪在  张素萍  郭小芳  杨学伶  王海艳 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(1):226-234

小型腹足类生物在我国种类繁多,但其相关研究在国内基本属于空白.本文对荣成天鹅湖大叶藻间的2种小型腹足类生物进行了形态学及分子生物学(16S和28S rRNA基因片段)研究.结果表明,根据形态学所鉴定的短剑螺属未定种Machaeroplax sp.,应为畦螺属未定种Lirularia sp.;分子生物学研究结果支持形态学对刺绣翼螺Alaba picta的鉴定.同时,与A.picta有一定形态学差异的其它4种相近形态的小型腹足类,在基因序列及遗传距离上与刺绣翼螺非常接近,亦应为刺绣翼螺Alaba picta.  相似文献   

Eocene fossil <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alseodaphne</Emphasis> from Hainan Island of China and its paleoclimatic implications     

JingZhao Li  Jue Qiu  WenBo Liao  JianHua Jin 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(10):1537-1542

Alseodaphne changchangensis sp. nov. (Lauraceae), with a perfectly preserved fossil leaf, was found in the Eocene Changchang Formation from the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island, China. This represents the earliest occurrence at the lowest latitude for the genus Alseodaphne, and offers important fossil evidence for further investigation of the origin and evolution of this genus and the paleo-climate of Hainan Island in the Eocene. Based on leaf morphology and cuticle characteristics, our fossil specimen is ...  相似文献