藏北羌塘中侏罗世沟鞭藻     

茅绍智  边立曾 《现代地质》2000,14(2):115-122

在藏北羌塘盆地中生界烃源岩成烃母质研究的一块标本中 ,发现了丰富且保存良好的沟鞭藻化石 ,至少包括有 2 1个属、 3 2个种的组合。这个组合以旋沟藻型占统治 ,大量发育栉型孢囊 ( ctenidodinioid) ,尤以 Ctenidodinium combazii居首位 ,其次为 Ellipsoidictyum cinctum和L ithodinia 的种 ,还有 Ctenidodinium continuum,C.ornatum,Gongaulacysta jurassica,Systematophora penicillata,Tubotuberella dangeardii和 Valensiella ampulla等中侏罗世巴统期至卡洛期的常见分子参与。根据组合面貌和属种成分的已知地史分布 ,其时代可确定为巴统期( Bathonian)或可能延至早卡洛期 ( Callovian)。沉积环境为正常盐度的开阔海 ,与欧洲诸海域可以沟通。本文还对 3个重要种进行了系统描述  相似文献   

The Use of Pigment Signatures to Assess Phytoplankton Assemblage Structure in Estuarine Waters     

A. Ansotegui  J. M. Trigueros  E. Orive 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2001,52(6):689

The seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll a and the main accessory pigments accompanied by microscopic observations on live and fixed material were investigated in the Urdaibai estuary, Spain. Fucoxanthin was the dominant pigment during the peak in chlorophyll a, with which it was strongly correlated. Concentrations of fucoxanthin (81·30 μg l⁻¹) in the upper estuary were amongst the highest found in the literature, and were mainly associated with diatoms and symbiotic dinoflagellates. In the lower estuary, fucoxanthin showed values typical of coastal waters (<5 μg l⁻¹) and was mainly due to diatoms and prymnesiophytes. Chlorophyllb concentration was high along the estuary, followed the same seasonal pattern as chlorophyll a, and was associated with the presence of euglenophytes, chlorophytes and prasinophytes. High values of 19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin were often measured, but no organisms containing this pigment were observed in live or fixed samples. Alloxanthin and peridinin were found in low concentrations which was in agreement with cell counts of cryptophytes and peridinin-containing dinoflagellates. Two main patterns of phytoplankton assemblages were observed along the estuary. In the upper segments, during the chlorophylla maximum fucoxanthin containing algae masked the other algal groups, which were relatively more abundant during or after enhanced river flows. In the lower estuary, although dominated by fucoxanthin-containing algae, the other algal groups were important all year around. In this study, the use of diagnostic pigments has provided considerable insight into the temporal and spatial dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages by detecting phytoplankton taxa generally underestimated or overlooked by microscopy.  相似文献   

东濮凹陷古近系成烃生物特征及其生烃潜力研究     

张云献  胥畅 《高校地质学报》1997,25(6):813

通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜对东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩的成烃生物进行了研究。结果显示，研究区沙河街组的成烃生物发育，种类繁多，主要包括沟鞭藻、绿藻、蓝藻、颗石藻等。发育于东濮凹陷北部咸水区的成烃生物优势组合是沟鞭藻、蓝藻、颗石藻，且三者均可形成藻纹层；南部淡水区的成烃生物优势组合是绿藻及高等植物，发育于块状泥岩之中。对分别取于咸水区和淡水区的两个样品进行了热模拟实验，实验结果显示，北部咸水区的蓝藻和颗石藻的生烃潜力高，生油门限低，在低熟阶段即可大量生油，生成低熟油的控制因素是蓝藻的勃发；沟鞭藻和绿藻类的生油门限较高，其中沟鞭藻由于能大量勃发，是重要的成烃生物；南部淡水区的绿藻类较沟鞭藻类生烃潜力更低，生油门限更高。  相似文献   

海洋底栖甲藻的浮游行为特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄凌风  郭丰  门谷茂  李少菁 《海洋科学》2001,25(10):8-11

研究了日本濑户内海屋岛湾沙质海滩底栖甲藻中具有底栖－浮游兼性行为的种类及其浮游行为特征。发现具有游游兼性特征的有8种，分别是Amphidinium carterae,A.klebsii,A.herdmanae,Gymnodinium sp1,G.pyrenoidosum,Peridinium quinquecorne,Prorocentrum emarginatum和Pror.sp1,几乎全是该潮间带底栖甲藻的优势种，占水样中甲藻种数的11．6％，个体数占海水样品中甲藻总个体密度的0－51．3％，具有明显的季节性，当这些种类在沉积物样品中数量较少时，在海水样品中就极少出现，具有随潮汐变化的行为特征。研究表明这些种类是真底栖种，浮游生活只是其兼性行为特征，是长期进化和对潮间带特殊环境适应的结果，本文还探讨了底栖甲藻的浮游习性及其与内湾近岩赤潮的关系和可能产生的影响。  相似文献   

Adaptive Ecology, Growth Strategies and the Global Bloom Expansion of Dinoflagellates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Theodore J. Smayda 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(2):281-294

Dinoflagellates exhibit unique differences from diatoms in their adaptive ecologies that may be favoring their increasingly successful exploitation of coastal waters and global bloom expansion. Dinoflagellates behave as annual species, bloom soloists, are ecophysiologically diverse and habitat specialists, whereas diatoms behave as perennial species, guild members and are habitat cosmopolites. Diatoms have a relatively uniform bloom strategy based on species-rich pools and exhibit limited habitat specialization. Dinoflagellates have multiple life-form strategies consistent with their diverse habitat specializations, but rely on impoverished bloom species pools. Niche structure and dinoflagellate competition for niche space are considered. The “open niche period” formulated originally for Narragansett Bay is extrapolated as a general bloom paradigm. It is suggested that successful niche occupancy leading to blooms involves adaptive strategies at three heirarchic taxonomic elements: phylogenetic, generic and species-specific, and in that sequence. Transoceanic expatriation of emigrant species leading to indigenous status and blooms requires completion of a three-stage colonization process. Anthropogenic seedings are not, in themselves, bloom stimulation events; they are only the first phase of a multiple-step process. The organismal and niche features required for a hidden flora member to become a bloom species are considered, and the interplay between niche structure, habitat carrying capacity, colonization requirements and stochasticity as factors in the changing global bloom behavior of dinoflagellates discussed. The question is posed whether traditional perspectives of phytoplankton behavior apply completely to dinoflagellates. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

造礁石珊瑚共生藻的分子分类研究     

刘丽  陈育盛  申玉春  刘楚吾 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(4):718-722

通过nlsrDNA(nuclear large-subunit ribosomal DNA)及nssrDNA(nuclear small-subunit ribosomal DNA)的PCR-RFLP研究广东徐闻地区8科15属25种62个造礁石珊瑚样本的共生藻。结果表明,共生藻nlsrDNA的RsaI酶切基因型只存在一种,属于C系群共生藻;而nssrDNA的MobⅠ和TaqⅠ两种酶切都存在两种基因型。实验进一步通过PCR直接测序法得到62个造礁石珊瑚样品的共生藻ITS序列,与GenBank上的4种虫黄藻ITS序列构建Neighbor-Joining系统发育树,结果表明该区的造礁石珊瑚共生两种不同种类(亚系群)的共生藻,分别为C1亚系群与C15亚系群共生藻,两个亚系群间的遗传距离为0.019。广东徐闻地区造礁石珊瑚共生藻多样性偏低,暗示该地区珊瑚礁生态系统应对环境变化的能力可能较弱。  相似文献   

Phytoplankton invasions: comments on the validity of categorizing the non-indigenous dinoflagellates and diatoms in European seas   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Gómez F 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(4):620-628

The validity of categorizing the diatoms and dinoflagellates reported in the literature as non-indigenous phytoplankton in the European Seas was investigated. Species that are synonymous are often included as separate species (Gessnerium mochimaensis=Alexandrium monilatum, Gymnodinium nagasakiense=Karenia mikimotoi, Pleurosigma simonsenii=P. planctonicum), while other species names are synonyms of cosmopolitan taxa (Prorocentrum redfieldii=P. triestinum, Pseliodinium vaubanii=Gyrodinium falcatum, Gonyaulax grindleyi=Protoceratium reticulatum, Asterionella japonica=Asterionellopsis glacialis). Epithets of an exotic etymology (i.e. japonica, sinensis, indica) imply that a cosmopolitan species may be non-indigenous, and several taxa are even considered as non-indigenous in their type locality (Alexandrium tamarense and A. pseudogoniaulax). The records of Alexandrium monilatum, A. leei and Corethron criophilum are doubtful. Cold or warm-water species expand their geographical ranges or increase their abundances to detectable levels during cooling (Coscinodiscus wailesii) or warming periods (Chaetoceros coarctatus, Proboscia indica, Pyrodinium bahamense). These are a few examples of marginal dispersal associated with climatic events instead of species introductions from remote areas. The number of non-indigenous phytoplankton species in European Seas has thus been excessively inflated.  相似文献   

东濮凹陷古近系成烃生物特征及其生烃潜力研究          下载免费PDF全文

张云献  胥畅 《高校地质学报》2019,25(6):813

通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜对东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩的成烃生物进行了研究。结果显示,研究区沙河街组的成烃生物发育,种类繁多,主要包括沟鞭藻、绿藻、蓝藻、颗石藻等。发育于东濮凹陷北部咸水区的成烃生物优势组合是沟鞭藻、蓝藻、颗石藻,且三者均可形成藻纹层;南部淡水区的成烃生物优势组合是绿藻及高等植物,发育于块状泥岩之中。对分别取于咸水区和淡水区的两个样品进行了热模拟实验,实验结果显示,北部咸水区的蓝藻和颗石藻的生烃潜力高,生油门限低,在低熟阶段即可大量生油,生成低熟油的控制因素是蓝藻的勃发;沟鞭藻和绿藻类的生油门限较高,其中沟鞭藻由于能大量勃发,是重要的成烃生物;南部淡水区的绿藻类较沟鞭藻类生烃潜力更低,生油门限更高。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variation in density of microphytoplankton genera in two tropical coral reefs of Mauritius     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(4):423-438

Spatial and temporal (seasonal and interannual) variation in microphytoplankton was investigated at two tropical coral reef sites off Mauritius (Belle Mare [BM] and Flic-en-Flac [FEF]), from 2010 to 2012. Each site was divided into three zones: coast, lagoon and reef. Microphytoplankton, nutrient and chlorophyll a samples were collected, and physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ. A total of 56 microphytoplankton genera were identified (43 diatoms, 8 dinoflagellates and 5 cyanobacteria). Total microphytoplankton density exhibited spatial and temporal variation, being higher at BM and near the coast, and mostly high in summer. Nutrient concentrations were highest near the coast as a result of run-off events and anthropogenic inputs, especially during heavy rainfall, and this resulted in elevated total microphytoplankton density. There were no clear diversity patterns at the two sites or within the different zones. At both sites, Navicula, Cocconeis and Fragilaria were the dominant diatoms, and Gymnodinium, Alexandrium and Protoperidinium were the dominant dinoflagellates. There was a shift in dominance from Navicula in summer to Fragilaria in winter. This seasonal shift may reflect how these species respond differently to environmental change, which could have implications for primary production at spatial and temporal scales.  相似文献   

海洋浮游甲藻中文属名的研究          下载免费PDF全文

马新  潘玉龙  徐金涛 《海洋科学》2023,47(3):66-78

物种中文名,即物种学名的中文译名,在生物专业领域和科学普及等方面起着重要的作用。然而,长期以来对海洋浮游甲藻中文名的重视程度不够且拟定时缺乏统一的标准,导致现有海洋浮游甲藻的中文名比较混乱,甚至很多属缺少中文译名,不利于国内同行科研交流、管理部门决策处置及科普宣传等。本文以AlgaeBase藻类数据库中收录的海洋浮游甲藻的有效拉丁名为基础,系统梳理了中文浮游植物文献书籍中的海洋浮游甲藻中文属名,参照已报道的中文拟名规则,通过溯源考证、参考形态学特征等方式规范了部分浮游甲藻的中文属名。结果显示,海洋浮游甲藻共计152个属,其中有77个属有唯一的中文名报道,且被广泛应用,予以保留;有12个属有两个及以上的中文名,且使用比较混乱,结合文献及这些属的形态特征,为之拟定了比较合理的中文名;有63个属暂无中文名,依据其建立时的文献资料,详细考证其拉丁属名的来源、原始含义及其形态特征描述,为其拟定了较为合理的中文属名,以供参考。  相似文献