动力气候模式预测系统业务化及其应用   总被引：26，自引：8，他引：26       下载免费PDF全文

李维京  张培群  李清泉  王兰宁  刘益民  史学丽  张祖强  刘一鸣  胡国权  党鸿雁  张芳  陈丽娟  孙除荣  赵其庚  董敏 《应用气象学报》2005,16(Z1):1-11

动力气候模式是目前国际上开展气候预测的主要工具。经过 8年多的研制、发展和业务化过程 ,国家气候中心已建立起第一代动力气候模式预测业务系统 ,并以此为平台 ,形成了一套包括月、季节到年际时间尺度的动力模式预测业务。 2 0年历史回报试验和 1年多的试验性业务运行结果表明 ,该系统对东亚区域的季节预测具有较好的预测能力 ,其预测结果已经在实际业务中得到了应用 ,并成为我国短期气候预测业务的重要参考依据。该文是对该动力模式系统性能的介绍 ,也是对国家“九五”重中之重课题的加强课题“短期气候预测综合动力模式预测系统业务化”专题的总结汇报。  相似文献   

Numerical Study of Winter Urban Boundary Layer Structure over Beijing Area   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

LI Xiaoli  BI Baogui  LI Zechun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2005,19(3):317-331

1. Introduction The urban canopy layer (UCL) (Roth, 2000) is defined as a layer in the vertical structure of urban boundary layer (UBL) ranging from the surface to the top of buildings. The urban infrastructures within UCL, such as buildings with different heights, the het- erogeneity of urban land cover and the anthropogenic activity, all directly influence the thermal and dynam- ical structures of atmosphere and net radiation budget at the surface, meanwhile, affect the structure of ur- …  相似文献   

Spatial Disparities in the Expansion of the Chinese Ethnoburb of Los Angeles     

Lin  Jan  Robinson  Paul 《GeoJournal》2005,64(1):51-61

Suburban Chinatowns are intriguing subjects for study and comparison. These ethnic suburbs, or ethnoburbs, have emerged to coexist or compete with the older downtown Chinatowns traditionally found in American central cities. Their growth since the 1960s challenges many traditional assumptions regarding the spatial and cultural assimilation of immigrants in U.S. society, namely that ethnicity would decline with the geographic and socioeconomic mobility of immigrants from the inner city into the suburbs. We examined recent growth trends in the Chinese ethnoburb of the San Gabriel Valley region of Greater Los Angeles, through analysis and mapping of U.S. Census data, and discovered ethnic persistence rather than spatial and cultural assimilation. We also discovered the ethnoburb is differentiated between a lower-class core and two middle-to-upper class fringe districts. Though there is some linguistic assimilation on the northwest fringe, the majority of the ethnoburban population continues to speak Chinese. Linguistic isolation is not a barrier to achieving a higher socioeconomic class position in the Chinese ethnoburb of Los Angeles. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, August 2004.  相似文献   

Assimilation de données dans un modèle d'écosystème marin de la mer Ligure     

Stéphanie Magri  Pierre Brasseur  Geneviève Lacroix 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(12):1065-1074

The objective is to explore the potentialities of sequential statistical estimation methods to assimilate observations in a primary production biological model coupled to a vertical 1D hydrodynamical model characterised by a k–l turbulent closure. The assimilation method is derived from the SEEK filter (Singular Evolutive Extended Kalman filter), which uses an error subspace represented by multivariate empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). Real data assimilation experiments collected at sea have been realised to reconstruct the variability of the Ligurian Sea ecosystem during the FRONTAL field experiment. To cite this article: S. Magri et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).  相似文献   

Dynamical effects of subducting ridges: insights from 3-D laboratory models   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J. Martinod  F. Funiciello  C. Faccenna  S. Labanieh  V. Regard 《Geophysical Journal International》2005,163(3):1137-1150

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Seismic performance of laminated timber frames with fiber‐reinforced joints     

B. Kasal  S. Pospisil  I. Jirovsky  A. Heiduschke  M. Drdacky  P. Haller 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(5):633-646

A series of dynamic experiments was performed on two‐story glue‐laminated timber frames. The tests included sinusoidal sweeps in one direction, arbitrary signals simulating earthquake loads in two directions, and harmonic free vibration at the fundamental frequency. Two experimental frames were manufactured and tested: (1) a control with horizontal laminations and no reinforcement at joint areas, and (2) a new frame design with densified material in the joint area that was further reinforced by glass‐fiber composite material. Preliminary tests of scaled and full‐size beam‐to‐column connections were performed to obtain connection characteristics needed for subsequent analytical modeling. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A Hornblende Basalt from Western Mexico: Water-saturated Phase Relations Constrain a Pressure-Temperature Window of Eruptibility   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

BARCLAY  J.; CARMICHAEL  I. S. E. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(3):485-506

Trachybasalt scoria from a cinder cone near the Mexican volcanicfront contain phenocrysts of olivine with chromite inclusions,apatite, augite and hornblende, with microphenocrysts of plagioclase.The water-saturated phase relations reproduce the phenocrystassemblage between 1040°C and 970°C with water contentsof between 2·5 and 4·5% (50–150 MPa). Theabsence of biotite phenocrysts in the scoria places a tightconstraint on the pressure–temperature conditions of phenocrystequilibration, as there is only a small zone where biotite doesnot accompany hornblende in the experiments. Diluting the fluidphase with CO₂ changes the composition of the olivine, indicatingthat CO₂ was only a minor component of the fluid of the scoria.Hornblende is stable to 1040°C at oxygen fugacities of NNO+ 2 (where NNO is the nickel–nickel oxide buffer), butat lower oxygen fugacities, the upper limit is 990°C. Thereis a progressive increase in crystallinity in experimental runsas both pressure and temperature decrease. Isobaric plots ofcrystallinity show that the onset of hornblende crystallizationinvolves a reaction relation, and also results in a marked  相似文献   

新疆库米什断陷盆地内盐湖及钾硝石矿的形成   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄铁栋 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(6):20-24

库米什盆地是新生代断陷盆地,处于干燥大陆气候控制区,湖水一直处在蒸发浓缩状态,在上更新统后期(约35kaBP)开始有石盐矿生成,全新统后期(4.5ka BP)地壳稳定,气候持续干旱,形成厚大的石盐主矿体,并且逐步进入干盐湖阶段,晶间卤水进一步浓缩,形成液相KNO3矿,在其上形成了富钾石盐壳。  相似文献   

数值天气预报初场的变分同化及其伴随方法简介   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张根生  黄小刚  费建芳 《气象科学》2004,24(2):240-245

本文着重介绍了近年来发展迅速的变分同化和伴随方法，并对与伴随方法有关的一些问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

大气数据同化方法的研究与应用进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林行  高山红  黄容 《山东气象》2004,24(4):16-18

简要介绍了大气数据同化的基本思想与方法，阐述了松弛逼近法、Kalman滤波和变分约束法三种大气数据同化方法研究状况和应用进展情况。  相似文献