地层水条件下碳酸盐矿物热力学平衡条件及其在克拉2气田的应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘建清  赖兴运  于炳松  陈晓林  隋成 《沉积学报》2006,24(5):636-640

基于热力学平衡理论及库车盆地的实际,建立了该区地层水温度、压力条件下方解石溶解、白云石对方解石交代作用的热力学平衡条件,并根据地层水介质特征探讨了该区方解石溶解、白云石交代方解石的具体成岩反应状况,认为该区地层水条件下正进行着方解石溶蚀及白云石对方解石的交代作用,方解石的溶蚀是形成该区深层次生孔隙的根本因素。   相似文献   

孔隙衬里绿泥石的成因及对储层性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田建锋  喻建  张庆洲 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(3):741

孔隙衬里绿泥石发育的砂岩大多属于优质储层,前人将其归功于绿泥石对孔隙的保护作用。按照孔隙衬里绿泥石形成的铁质来源,可划分为同沉积黏土膜转化型、富铁镁物质溶蚀再结晶型和转化与直接结晶混合型3种类型。通过国内外富孔隙衬里绿泥石砂岩实例的对比研究表明,孔隙衬里绿泥石可以通过抑制自生石英生长、提高抗压实能力、指示早期碱性溶蚀发育程度和堵塞孔喉等4种方式影响储层性能,且不同成因的孔隙衬里绿泥石对储层性能影响方式不同,同一成因绿泥石在不同成岩阶段的影响方式也不同。中成岩A期以前,转化型孔隙衬里绿泥石通过占据孔喉和提高抗压能力影响储层,而溶蚀结晶型孔隙衬里绿泥石主要指示火山物质发生碱性溶蚀的程度;只有砂岩成岩阶段达到中成岩B期以后,孔隙衬里绿泥石对石英生长的抑制作用才得到充分体现。  相似文献   

Bayes约束随机场下坝基溶蚀区随机模拟方法及其影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张社荣  王超  孙博 《岩土力学》2013,34(8):2337-2346

基于完全随机场模拟溶蚀岩体可能会高估其空间变异性和不能有效地利用溶蚀以外的地质信息和实践经验,提出用Bayes约束参数随机场模型描述坝基溶蚀区的随机模拟方法。引入Bayes公式,对溶蚀区域岩土参数的统计特性进行修正,反映出地质勘测的新增地质信息和试验参数信息,建立约束随机场,并在此基础上进行随机有限元分析,研究坝基溶蚀对大坝结构性态的作用效应。计算结果表明,相对于完全随机场模型,Bayes约束随机场模型更为客观地考虑了溶蚀岩体的空间变异性,有效地降低了溶蚀参数完全随机场下结构响应的模拟方差。在概率分析过程中,推荐蒙特卡洛响应面耦合方法（MC-RSM）作为适用于复杂工程的随机模拟方法,该方法能够代替直接MC法对同样力学机制的不断重复,减小计算时间成本。  相似文献   

古海蚀与相似地形的区别：形态与成因——以广东黄圃海蚀遗迹为例     

王为  曾昭璇  吴正  黄山 《地理科学》2008,28(3)

对比黄圃镇海蚀遗迹与其它非海蚀成因相似地形,得出其形态特征差异:海蚀槽穴同时切过软硬相间的岩石,仅出现在某一水平面;片流和风化作用形成的凹槽与结构面或岩层完全平行而且连续延伸,出现在整个山坡面上,凹槽前无平台;河流侧蚀作用在同一水平面上,不能同时形成凹槽和平台;河流溶蚀作用也是水平的,在石灰岩河岸侧壁形成凹槽,槽上有突出屋檐,无平台;波浪作用不强的石灰岩海岸也可形成凹槽和突出屋檐,但无海蚀平台;只有波浪作用才能同时形成(海蚀)平台和(海蚀)凹穴.  相似文献   

Origin of CO_2 in natural gas from the Triassic Feixianguan Formation of Northeast Sichuan Basin     

HUANG SiJing  HUANG KeKe  TONG HongPeng  LIU LiHong  SUN Wei & ZHONG QianQian State Key Lab of Oil  Gas Reservoir Geology  Exploitation 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2010,(5)

The natural gas from the Triassic Feixianguan Formation of Northeast Sichuan Basin contains high H2S whereas relatively low CO2 concentrations and the CO2 display high δ13C values (ranging from -5.81‰ to 3.3‰ (PDB)). This seems to contradict the conventional wisdom that TSR should be a primary source of CO2 in natural gas from the Feixianguan Formation. In contrast, many authigenic calcite samples from these sites display very low δ13C values (ranging from -18.4‰ to -10.3‰ (PDB)). This suggests that the carbon from TSR source dominated the formation of calcite whereas the carbon from inorganic source came into CO2 in natural gas. In order to assess the origin of CO2 from these H2S-rich sites, we have calculated the relative contributions of organic and inorganic carbon sources to the CO2 and authigenic calcite. The organic carbon source possibly originated from TSR, whereas the inorganic one might be generated from marine carbonates dissolution. This calculation is based on the carbon isotopic compositions of CO2 and authigenic calcite as well as an isotopic mass balance. The results show that the contribution of organic carbon source to the CO2 is only 2%, whereas that to authigenic calcite is as high as 43% on average. Such results combined with thermodynamic evidence indicate that the isotopically light CO2 produced by TSR process may contribute to authigenic calcite precipitation during burial diagenesis. Distinguishable from Ordovician reservoir of Tarim Basin, Feixianguan reservoir of Northeast Sichuan Basin experienced rapid tectonic uplift due to Yanshanian movement after TSR occurred. Such tectonic event could induce temperature decrease and further promote carbonates dissolution. During these processes, secondary porosity has developed in Feixianguan carbonate reservoirs. Therefore, much attention should be paid to the structural highs in search of high quality carbonate reservoirs.  相似文献   

岩溶作用及其碳汇强度计算的“入渗-平衡化学法”——兼论水化学径流法和溶蚀试片法   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

刘再华 《中国岩溶》2011,30(4):379-382

岩溶作用通过碳酸盐岩溶解时消耗大气或土壤CO2成为重要的碳汇过程。本文首先简要介绍了定量评价岩溶作用及其碳汇强度的水化学径流法和碳酸盐岩溶蚀试片法及其优缺点,即水化学径流法仅适用于边界清楚且为全排型的流域,而试片法仅适用于土壤中不含碳酸盐矿物的条件。继而推导出了岩溶作用及其碳汇强度计算的“入渗-平衡化学法”(或称“潜在最大溶蚀法”),该方法的优点在于只要知道了相关地区的基本气候资料,如温度、降水和蒸发蒸腾数据,即可计算出该地区的岩溶作用及其碳汇强度。   相似文献   

Organic carbon inputs,common ions and degassing: rethinking mixing dissolution in coastal eogenetic carbonate aquifers          下载免费PDF全文

Jason D. Gulley  Jonathan B.Martin  Amy Brown 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(14):2098-2110

Caves deliver freshwater from coastal carbonate landscapes to estuaries but how these caves form and grow remains poorly understood. Models suggest fresh and salt water mixing drives dissolution in eogenetic limestone, but have rarely been validated through sampling of mixing waters. Here we assess controls on carbonate mineral saturation states using new and legacy geochemical data that were collected in vertical profiles through three cenotes and one borehole in the Yucatan Peninsula. Results suggest saturation states are primarily controlled by carbon fluxes rather than mixing. Undersaturation predicted by mixing models that rely on idealized end members is diminished or eliminated when end members are collected from above and below actual mixing zones. Undersaturation due to mixing is limited by CO₂ degassing from fresh water in karst windows, which results in calcite supersaturation. With respect to saline groundwater, controls on capacity for mixing dissolution were more varied. Oxidation of organic carbon increased pCO₂ of saline groundwater in caves (pCO₂ = 10^–2.06 to 10^–0.96 atm) relative to matrix porosity (10^–2.39 atm) and local seawater (10^–3.12 atm). The impact of increased pCO₂ on saturation state, however, depended on the geochemical composition of the saline water and the magnitude of organic carbon oxidation. Carbonate undersaturation due to mixing was limited where gypsum dissolution (Cenote Angelita) or sulfate reduction (Cenote Calica) increased concentrations of common ions (Ca²⁺ or HCO₃^?, respectively). Maximum undersaturation was found to occur in mixtures including saline water that had ion concentrations and ratios similar to seawater, but with moderately elevated pCO₂ (Cenote Eden). Undersaturation, however, was dominated by the initial undersaturation of the saline end member, mixing was irrelevant. Our results add to a growing body of literature that suggests oxidation of organic carbon, and not mixing dissolution, is the dominant control on cave formation and enlargement in coastal eogenetic karst aquifers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

微生物作用下玄武岩的溶解: 粘附作用和温度的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周跃飞  王汝成  陆现彩 《岩石矿物学杂志》2009,28(6):565-574

使用透析的方法,设计实验探讨了多粘芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)的粘附对玄武岩中矿物溶解的影响,同时通过改变实验温度,探讨了岩石的微生物溶解与温度的关系.10 d的实验结果表明,在30 ℃条件下,细菌P. polymyxa及其代谢产物对玄武岩的溶解有显著促进作用,加速了橄榄石中Mg、Fe、Mn的溶出及辉石和长石中Ca、Al的溶出,而在5℃条件下,这种促进作用不明显.细菌及其代谢物的粘附能加速Mg、Fe、Mn的溶出,抑制Ca的溶出,这种不同的影响与两组元素的溶出机制不同,且粘附对各溶出机制的影响也不同有关,Al的溶出受粘附作用的影响较小.低温条件下,粘附作用对玄武岩中各元素的溶出基本无影响.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地南缘中段下组合储层特征及控制因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

韩守华  李娴静  陈能贵  沈金龙  徐洋 《沉积与特提斯地质》2012,32(4):52-58

准噶尔盆地南缘中段下部成藏组合主要包括侏罗系和下白垩统.通过对研究区已有的探井取心及野外露头资料的研究,对下白垩统清水河组、上侏罗统喀拉扎组和齐古组3套储层的沉积特征及其控制因素进行了分析研究,认为研究区储层具有较低成分成熟度、低-中等及中等-较好的结构成熟度,压实作用和胶结作用是原生孔隙损失的主要因素.  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铝土矿中镓——酸溶和碱熔预处理方法比较   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

文加波  商丹  宋婉虹  彭国萍 《岩矿测试》2011,30(4):481-485

研究了盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸酸溶和氢氧化钠碱熔两种测定铝土矿石样品中镓的前处理方法,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行测定。对熔矿试剂及条件、分析谱线的选择和元素的干扰进行了讨论,采用不同含量的铝土矿石国家标准物质样品进行了条件实验。分析结果表明:采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸溶解样品,会导致铝土矿石样品溶解不完全,得到的数据失真;而采用氢氧化钠碱熔法处理铝土矿石样品后,用ICP-AES法测定,镓的测定值准确度高,方法检出限为0.15μg/g,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为2.51%～5.97%,回收率为94.8%～108.2%。该方法灵敏度高,精密度好,分析时间短,易于流程操作。方法经国家一级标准物质分析验证,测定结果与标准值相符,特别适用于铝土矿石样品中镓的测定。  相似文献