温度对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)耗氧率和排氨率的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

范德朋  潘鲁青  马甡  董双林 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(1):56-62

实验研究温度对不同个体大小缢蛏耗氧率和排氨率的影响。实验结果表明 ,在实验温度(15～ 30℃ )条件下 ,缢蛏的耗氧率 (O) [mg/ h·个 ]和排氨率 (N ) [μg/ h·个 ]与缢蛏软体部干重(W)呈明显的幂函数关系 ;温度的上升使得缢蛏的耗氧率 (OS) [mg/ g· h]、排氨率 (Na) [μg/ g· h]均增大 ;两者之间的比值 (原子数 O∶ N)在 2 0℃时最大 ,随着温度的继续升高其值逐步减小。耗氧率 (O)、排氨率 (N)与温度 (T)、缢蛏软体部干重 (W)二元线形回归方程分别是 :O=- 0 .370 3+0 .32 0 4 W+ 0 .0 2 98T,N =- 15 4 .0 6 77+ 6 9.74 88W+ 7.9332 T。复相关系数 r分别为 0 .9773和0 .92 2 8;F检验表明 ,两个回归方程均极显著。  相似文献   

Oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of Meretrix meretrix in different temperature and salinity     

Tang Baojun  Liu Baozhong  Yang Hongsheng  Xiang Jianhai 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(4):469-474

Effects of temperatures and salinities on oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rate of clamMeretrix meretrix were studied in laboratory from Oct. 2003 to Jan. 2004. Two schemes were designed in incremented temperature at 10, 15, 20, 25°C at 31.5 salinity and in incremented salinity at 16.0, 21.0, 26.0, 31.5, 36.0, and 41.0 at 20°C, all for 8–10 days. From 10 to 25°C, both respiration and excretion rate were increased. One-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated significant difference (P<0.01) in physiological parameters in this temperature range except between 15 and 20°C. The highestQ ₁₀ thermal coefficient value (12.27) was acquired between 10 and 15°C, and about 1 between 15 and 20°C, indicatingM. meretrix could well acclimate to temperature changes in this range. Salinity also had significant effects on respiration and excretion rate (P<0.05). The highest values of respiration and excretion rate ofM. meretrix were recorded at 16.0 salinity (20°C). These two physiological parameters decreased as salinity increased until reached the minimumQ ₁₀ value at 31.5 (20°C), then again, these parameters increased with increasing salinity from 31.5 to 41.0.M. meretrix can catabolize body protein to cope with osmotic pressure stress when environmental salinity is away from its optimal range. No significant difference was observed between 26.0 and 36.0 in salinity (P>0.05), suggesting that a best metabolic salinity range for this species is between 26.0 and 36.0. This work is supported by National High-Tech R & D Program of China. (863 Program) (2002AA603014).  相似文献   

近江牡蛎耗氧率和排氨率的研究     

栗志民  刘志刚  谢丽  钟春城 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,31(1)

采用室内实验生态学方法研究近江牡蛎的耗氧率和排氨率。结果表明,在实验温度13~33℃范围内,近江牡蛎的耗氧率(RO)和排氨率(RN)与体重(W)均呈负相关,可用Y=aW-b表示。耗氧率和温度的关系可表示为RO=-c+b1t-b2 t2,耗氧率为0.626~2.354 mg.g-1.h-1;在温度13~28℃范围内,耗氧率随温度的升高而增加,28℃时,耗氧率达最大值,温度升高至33℃时,耗氧率反而下降。排氨率与温度的关系可表示为RN=c1e d1t,排氨率为0.075~0.318 mg.g-1.h-1,且随温度的升高,排氨率呈持续升高趋势。近江牡蛎呼吸和排泄Q10值范围分别为0.631~3.399和1.046~2.288。在28℃,不同规格近江牡蛎呼吸氧原子数与排出氨氮原子数的比值(nO/nN)均达到最大值。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对近江牡蛎的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。近江牡蛎的日常代谢明显高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高46.8%和67.7%。  相似文献   

不同规格近江牡蛎的排氨率和耗氧率分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

印丽云  高永利  杨振才  喻子牛 《热带海洋学报》2013,32(1):60-63

采用实验生态学方法研究了不同规格近江牡蛎的呼吸和排泄生理生态学参数。结果显示,近江牡蛎耗氧率R_O随软体干重(W )的增加而减小, 体重对近江牡蛎耗氧率(R_O)的影响达极显著水平,R_O = 1.8232W^-0.7600, (R²= 0.8313 , P <0.01); 近江牡蛎的排氨率(R_N)和排磷率(R_P)随软体干重的增加而降低,呈负相关关系;而氧氮比O/N和氮磷比N/P在各组间未达显著水平(P >0.05) , R_N = 0.0930W^-0.6582 (R² = 0.7444, P <0.01)、R_P = 0.0126W^-0.8874 (R² = 0.9224,P <0.01);各组不同规格近(大小)江牡蛎的O/N值较高,而N/P值则随规格增大而呈上升趋势,但差异也不显著(P >0.05)。这些研究结果对牡蛎养殖密度和环境关系分析及牡蛎健康养殖具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

Biomass,carbon ingestion,and ammonia excretion by zooplankton associated with an upwelling plume in western Cook Strait,New Zealand     

Mark R. James  Vaughan H. Wilkinson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):249-257

The biomass, elemental composition, and rates of ingestion and excretion by macrozoo‐plankon associated with the upwelling plume off the north‐west coast of the South Island, New Zealand, were investigated in March‐April 1983. Ingestion and excretion rates of the major zoo‐plankton species were combined with abundance data to determine the spatial and temporal variability which may influence phytoplankton dynamics in the plume system. Zooplankton biomass near Cape Kahurangi was dominated by small copepods like Acartia ensifera (up to 60%). In the South Tar‐anaki Bight, larval and adult forms of the euphau‐siid Nyctiphanes australis commonly contributed up to 60% of biomass. However, the carbon ingestion and ammonia excretion patterns of N. australis were spatially displaced from those of the total zooplankton community in the South Taranaki Bight because of higher weight‐specific metabolic rates for the smaller copepods. Close to the focus of the upwelling near the Kahurangi Shoals, grazing pressure on the phytoplankton was high, but as the upwelled water was advected into the Taranaki Bight, carbon production exceeded utilisation by zooplankton. Relatively high rates of ammonia excretion were also associated with peak zooplankton biomass near the Kahurangi Shoals and in the eastern Taranaki Bight.  相似文献   

(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)耗氧率(R_O)和排氨率(R_N)的影响     

周银环  曹伏君  罗杰  叶宁 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(2):392-397

采用室内实验生态学方法研究了不同温度梯度、规格体重等特质对大弹涂鱼（Boleophthalmus pectinirostris）耗氧率（R_O）和排氨率（R_N）的影响,以及氧氮比（O︰N）对大弹涂鱼能源物质的分析。结果表明,当温度恒定时,大弹涂鱼的耗氧率和排氨率分别随大弹涂鱼体重的增加而下降,体重（W）与单位体重的耗氧率之间的关系呈负指数相关。温度和体重对大弹涂鱼耗氧率、排氨率均有显著影响（F>0.01）。随着温度的升高（16-31℃）,大弹涂鱼耗氧率明显升高;在31-36℃时,耗氧率从高位缓慢下降;排氨率在此温度范围内,一直上升到最高。大弹涂鱼耗氧率和排氨率随体重的增加而下降,而温度和体重的交替作用对耗氧率、排氨率影响不显著。O︰N比也随着温度升高而下降,不同温度下大弹涂鱼平均O︰N比为23.1,呼吸Q₁₀平均值为1.495,排泄Q₁₀平均值为1.798;大、中规格的大弹涂鱼O︰N比值接近,比小规格鱼的O︰N比值低。16-31℃时大弹涂鱼主要以脂肪和碳水化合物为能源,蛋白质其次。  相似文献   

4种多环芳烃对仿刺参耗氧率和排氨率的影响研究     

刘帅  詹泽荣  车鉴  颉海波  魏海峰  李正炎  刘长发 《海洋科学》2022,46(4):106-113

为探究多环芳烃(PAHs)对海洋生物的生态毒理效应,作者将仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)分别暴露于质量浓度为10、20、50、100、150μg/L的菲、三甲基菲、蒽和二甲基蒽中,检测4种代表性多环芳烃胁迫下仿刺参的耗氧率和排氨率.结果显示:在不同质量浓度多环芳烃的胁迫下,仿刺参的耗氧率均显著高...  相似文献   

Seasonal variations in the production and consumption of amino acids by coastal microplankton     

Maureen D. Keller  Timothy H. Mague  Marguerite Badenhausen  Hilary E. Glover 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(3):301-315

A seasonal study on coastal microplankton was conducted in surface waters near Boothbay Harbor, Maine. Phytoplankton biomass, particulate production and extracellular organic release were examined in conjunction with microheterotrophic biomass and the uptake and respiration of amino acids. In situ dissolved free amino acid (DFAA) concentrations were also determined. Several phytoplankton blooms occurred throughout the year, in mid-summer, late autumn and in mid-winter. Heterotrophic activity and biomass paralleled phytoplankton extracellular release more closely than either phytoplankton particulate production or biomass. DFAA concentrations were not wholly dependent on extracellular release. Heterotrophic uptake did not appear to be dependent on DFAA concentrations but rather on rates of production of DOC by phytoplankton.  相似文献   

临川温泉地区金成矿特征及远景初探     

张卫民 《华东地质学院学报》1992,15(3):276-276

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The effects of nutrients and zooplankton community structure on phytoplankton growth in a subtropical Australian reservoir: An enclosure study     

Richard J. Hunt  Vladimir F. Matveev 《Limnologica》2005,35(1-2):90-101

Patterns of zooplankton–phytoplankton interactions in subtropical lakes of the Southern Hemisphere may deviate from those established for north-temperate lakes. We tested the responses of phytoplankton growth to different community structures of zooplankton and nutrient enrichment in a subtropical Australian reservoir for the prediction of potential outcomes of lake biomanipulation. Two zooplankton communities were created in lake enclosures over 4 weeks: a rotifer-dominated community developed in the presence of planktivorous fish (Hypseleotris spp.) and a Ceriodaphnia-dominated community developed in the absence of fish. Biomass gradients of both communities were established in 20 L containers and several separate containers received no additions (controls) or were enriched with nitrogen and/or phosphorus. The growth rate of total phytoplankton significantly increased in response to nutrient enrichment, indicating nutrient limitation. Most phytoplankton taxa were not markedly affected by grazing of either zooplankton community. However, both communities had significant stimulatory effects on the growth of inedible chlorophytes. The ability of zooplankton grazing to negatively affect phytoplankton growth during the summer was counteracted regardless of zooplankton community structure, possibly by nutrients regenerated by zooplankton. We hypothesise that in the subtropical system studied, changes in food web nutrient recycling may be more important for the outcome of biomanipulation than grazing impacts.  相似文献