海洋中波浪下迎浪驳船运动对两矩形驳船间窄缝内水体共振的影响     

金瑞佳  宁德志  柏威  耿宝磊 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(11):68-76

A three-dimensional time-domain potential flow model is developed and applied to simulate the wave resonance in a gap between two side-by-side rectangular barges. A fourth-order predict-correct method is implemented to update free surface boundary conditions. The response of an up-wave barge is predicted by solving the motion equation with the Newmark-β method. Following the validation of the developed numerical model for wave radiation and diffraction around two side-by-side barges, the influence of up-wave barge motion on the gap surfaceresonance is investigated in two different locations of the up-wave barge relative to the back-wave barge at various frequencies. The results reveal that the freely floating up-wave barge significantly influences the resonance frequency and the resonance wave amplitude. Simultaneously, the up-wave barge located in the middle of the back-wave barge leads to a reduction in the resonance wave amplitude and motion response when compared with other configurations.  相似文献   

基于29次南极科考的普利兹湾鱼类多样性和分子种类鉴定     

李渊  张丽艳  宋普庆  张然  王良明  林龙山 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(8):15-20

利用2013年29次南极科考对南极半岛普利兹湾的调查采集到的鱼类进行多样性和分类鉴定,所有站位的样品均由雪龙号采集。位于高纬度普利兹湾内的鱼类多样性和相关的评估尚未知晓。因此,有必要对该调查海域的鱼类多样性进行准确的评估。本航次共捕获鱼类样品99尾,为了克服形态鉴定不准确的缺点,我们结合DNA条形码（COI基因片段）技术对种类鉴定,同时下载NCBI基因库中的公开数据作为参考。利用NJ系统发育树和条形码间隙共准确鉴定出22种鱼类,其中与形态鉴定相对应的有13种,5种鱼类准确鉴定到属的水平,4种鉴定到其近缘种。公开发表的资料中显示南极鱼科鱼类在种类组成中属于优势种类,但是在本次调查中并未发现这一现象。受调查方法和站位数量的限制,本次调查鱼类表现出较低的多样性和较低生物量,这一结果可能导致对普利兹湾鱼类多样性认识的片面性。结果证明条形码技术可以有效的用于普利兹湾鱼类的种类鉴定,同时南极鱼类的种类鉴定和分布是了解南极鱼类物种多样性和生物地理学的一部分,因此,有必要对南极鱼类在大尺度上对其准确的种类鉴定。  相似文献   

基于统计分析的半潜式平台气隙预报方法研究     

盛楠  李欣  卢文月  郭孝先  魏汉迪 《海洋工程》2020,38(5):24-34

以浮式半潜平台为研究对象,针对影响气隙结果的波浪非线性效应进行研究分析。通过分析平台气隙响应特性,确保平台在极端海况下的安全性。首先通过数值计算与模型试验,对一座浮式半潜平台在极端海况下的气隙响应进行计算与测量;进一步对平台附近18个典型位置的波面升高响应进行统计分析与概率分布拟合处理;最终求得反映各处波浪非线性强度的非线性因子∂值,并与OTG-13规范中的建议值对比讨论。结果发现∂的计算值与建议值并不完全一致,由于波浪受平台运动及平台结构扰动影响,平台下浮体附近处波浪非线性效应较强,计算值较建议值大,需要重点考虑分析。相应地,距离平台结构较远位置处的计算结果与建议值一致。  相似文献   

知行分离视角下郑州市居民低碳行为影响因素研究     

张晶飞  张丽君  秦耀辰  王霞  孙莹莹  荣培君 《地理科学进展》2020,39(2):265-275

居民低碳行为-认知研究受到学者们的广泛关注,而行为-认知分离却是困扰低碳城市建设和居民生活方式转变的关键问题。论文构建“空间-行为/认知”分析框架,采用2018年郑州市大规模实地调查和遥感影像数据,运用专家打分法从居家用能、日常出行与生活消费3个方面测算1485户家庭的低碳行为、认知水平,使用彩色编码法从行为-认知偏差视角将低碳行为分为绿色型、被迫型、易感型、红色型,使用多元Logistic回归模型分析不同低碳行为的影响因素。研究发现：① 郑州市居民低碳行为存在行为-认知偏差,4种低碳行为所占比例差异较大;② 绿色型低碳行为主要集聚在土地利用混合度高、基础设施便利的区域,被迫型、易感型、红色型低碳行为在空间上呈随机分布;③ 4种低碳行为影响因素差异较大。居住区步行指数较高、低碳认知水平高的居民趋于绿色型低碳行为,居民低碳行为与低碳认知水平均较高;居住区住房条件相对较差、居民学历水平低,居民趋于被迫型低碳行为,低碳认知水平低但低碳行为水平较高;高档住宅居民趋于易感型低碳行为,居民的低碳认知水平高但低碳行为水平较低;经济水平高的年轻居民趋于红色型低碳行为,低碳行为和低碳认知水平均较低。  相似文献   

基于生态重要性评价的福建海洋保护格局优化研究     

石晓雨  余静  曾容  杨璐 《海洋通报》2022,(2):232-239

借鉴国际上流行的EBSA、KBA等成熟的评价准则,选取福建海域为研究对象,从遗传、物种、群落和生态系统4个层面构建海洋生态重要性评价指标体系,并利用ArcGIS软件开展综合分析、集成,确定福建省海洋生态重要性评价结果,分析出福建省海洋保护空缺主要分布在7个区域,近岸包括福宁湾、闽江河口、泉州湾、围头湾和东山湾,远岸包括莆田外海和东山外海两个渔业资源集中分布区。研究结果可为福建省以及其他沿海省份开展相关保护格局优化工作提供借鉴和参考。  相似文献   

城镇化转型与中国城乡收入差距的收敛     

徐家鹏  张丹 《地域研究与开发》2019,38(1):17-21

  相似文献   

卧龙自然保护区内海拔梯度上林窗如何影响植物多样性?（英文）     

陈力  韩王亚  刘丹  刘国华 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,(7):1081-1097

Understanding the underlying ecological processes that control plant diversity within(α-diversity) and among(β-diversity) forest gaps is important for managing natural forest ecosystems, and it is also a prerequisite for identifying the formation and maintenance mechanisms of forest plant communities. In this study, we focused on the interrelationships among habitat type(gap/non-gap plots), gap size, elevation and environmental factors, and we explored their effects on plant diversity(α-diversity and β-diversity). To do this, a total of 21 non-gap(i.e., closed canopy) plots(100 m2) and 63 gap plots, including 21 with large gaps(200–410 m2), 21 with medium gaps(100–200 m2) and 21 with small gaps(38.5– 100 m2),were selected along an elevational gradient in a subalpine coniferous forest of southwestern China. Using structural equation models(SEMs), we analyzed how forest gaps affected plant diversity(α-diversity and β-diversity) along an elevational gradient. The results showed that(1) as elevation increased, unimodal patterns of α-diversity were found in different-sized gaps, and β-diversity showed a consistent sinusoidal function pattern in different-sized gaps. The gap size was positively related to α-diversity, but this effect disappeared above 3500 masl. Moreover, the patterns of α-diversity and β-diversity in non-gap plots were irregular along the elevational gradient.(2) SEMs demonstrated that many environmental factors, such as the annual mean air temperature(AMAT), ultraviolet-A radiation(365 nm, UV-A365), ultraviolet-B1 radiation(297 nm, UV-B297), moss thickness(MT), soil carbon/nitrogen ratio(C/N ratio), NH4-N and NO3-N, were significantly affected by elevation, which then affected α-diversity and β-diversity. The photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD), UV-A365 and UV-B297 were significantly higher in plots with forest gaps than in the non-gap plots. Moreover, the PPFD and UV-A365 were positively and directly affected by gap size. Surprisingly, except for the NH4-N and the C/N ratios, the below-ground environmental factors showed little or no relationships with forest gaps. All of these effects contributed to plant diversity. Overall, the above-ground environmental factors were more sensitive to gap-forming disturbances than the below-ground environmental factors, which affected α-diversity and β-diversity. The predicted pathway in the SEMs of the elevational effects on α-diversity andβ-diversity was relatively complicated compared with the effects of forest gaps. These results can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms driving the diversity-habitat relationship in the subalpine coniferous forests of southwestern China.  相似文献   

半潜式平台气隙数值预报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曾志  杨建民  李欣  肖龙飞 《海洋工程》2009,27(3):14-22

气隙预报是半潜平台设计过程中要考虑的关键问题之一.以一座250 m水深半潜式钻井平台为例,对其在5种海况下的气隙响应进行了数值计算,并与相应的模型试验相比较.从比较结果可以看出,一阶数值计算和Stokes二阶统计修正的结果均低估了相对波面升高的极值,且波陡越大,低估越严重.但是,它可以较好地预报危险点的位置,因此,可以用来在进行模型试验之前确定探针的布置位置和试验浪向.  相似文献   

中国北方习见水母类的DNA 条形码分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

程方平  王敏晓  王彦涛  张芳  李超伦  孙松 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(3):451-459

本研究获得了中国北方近海习见水母类24个种共62条线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I(mtCOI)序列,结合GenBank中具DNA条形码关键词的mtCOI序列,共比较了水母类mtCOI片段207条,水母mtCOI种内遗传差异在0%-7.4%之间,均值为0.9%(SD=0.014),其中约93%的个体种内差异小于4%;近源种间遗传差异在5.4%(Sarsia)到44.9%(Lensia)之间,均值为25.1%(SD=0.118),97%以上的个体种间遗传差异大于10%。绝大多数(98.8%)水母种类种内遗传差异小于种间遗传差异,条形码间隙明显。本研究涉及的中国北方习见水母种内遗传差异均显著小于种间遗传差异,结果表明以mtCOI作为DNA条形码可以实现对中国北方习见水母种类鉴定。利用DNA条形码序列分析,梳理了中国近海一些常见水母的分类地位。此外,对4种保存液保存方法的比较研究表明,90%乙醇、DMSO、RNA Safer和DNA Conserver4种保存液无法同时保存形态学特征和DNA序列,但DNA Conserver的效果相对较好。  相似文献   

一种基于模板匹配的震相关联和提取技术及其初步应用     

龙锋  祁玉萍  赵敏  芮雪莲 《中国地震》2021,37(2):368-378

本文提出一套有别于常规模板匹配算法的流程,不仅能够提供被识别地震的时间、空间、强度信息,还可根据震相关联提取每个地震对应的震相到时资料供后续研究使用.该流程基本原理为:地震事件发生会使得震相记录在时间上趋于丛集,因此可利用密度聚类方法对震相信息进行提取.具体实现步骤为:①对采用相同降采样和滤波处理的模板事件和连续波形进...  相似文献