山东宁津附近海域大型底栖动物群落结构及季节变化     

王金宝  李新正  王洪法 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1371-1382

根据2009年11月至2010年8月在山东宁津附近海域进行4个季度月航次调查所得大型底栖动物采泥资料,运用优势度指数、物种多样性指数及Cluster聚类和MDS排序等方法,分析了该海域的大型底栖动物群落特征和季节变化。结果表明:4个航次在底泥样品中共鉴定大型底栖生物11门159种,其中,多毛类动物73种,是主要的优势类群,甲壳动物39种,软体动物25种,棘皮动物9种,其他类群共13种。主要优势种有拟特须虫、丝异蚓虫、索沙蚕、轮双眼钩虾等。宁津邻近海域年平均生物量和丰度分别为9.144g/m~2和233.90ind./m~2,均较低且存在季节性差异。丰富度指数(D)、均匀度指数(J)和多样性指数(H′)的年平均值分别为2.436、0.800和2.924,次级生产力较低,平均值仅为1.903g(AFDW)/(m~2·a)。聚类分析结果表明,秋、春航次群落分布格局均包含近岸群落和远岸群落,但各群落间界线不明显,群落结构受扰动情况不明显。  相似文献   

渔山列岛夏季潮间带大型底栖生物群落结构研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

金文育  彭欣  王宁  刘俊峰 《海洋科学》2017,41(3):17-25

于2014年8月,在浙江宁波渔山列岛布设4个岩礁断面开展潮间带大型底栖生物调查,分析其种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种、生物多样性和群落结构特征等。该调查共采集到潮间带大型底栖生物98种,包括大型底栖动物70种和大型底栖藻类28种;其中优势种有9种,分别为小结节滨螺[Echinolittorina radiata(Souleyet)]、条纹隔贻贝[Septifer virgatus(Wiegmann)]、厚壳贻贝[Mytilus coruscus(Gould)]、带偏顶蛤[Modiolus comptus(Sowerby)]、栗色拉沙蛤[Lasaea nipponica(Keen)]、日本笠藤壶[Tetraclita japonica(Pilsbry)],刺巨藤壶[Megagbalanus volcano(Pilsbry)],以及珊瑚藻[Corallina officinalis(Linnaeus)]和小石花菜[Gelidium divaricatum(Marteus)]。潮间带大型底栖生物平均生物量为8 515.50 g/m~2,平均丰度为6 841.63个/m~2;各断面Shannon-wiener指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Margalef丰富度指数(d)平均值分别为1.89±0.14、0.38±0.01和3.66±0.52。ABC曲线分析表明,4个断面受到一定扰动。与历史资料相比,该区域物种数减少明显,生物量和丰度有所增加,优势种被个体较小的日本笠藤壶、条纹隔贻贝等物种所演替。上述结果可为渔山列岛潮间带开发保护管理及其生物资源的可持续利用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

Two apparatuses for sampling benthic fauna in surf zones     

P.C. Fleischack  A.J. de Freitas  R.B. Jackson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(2):287-293

A suction corer which has been used in the turbulent surf zone is described as well as a scoop dredge which proved effective in shallow water and on dry beaches. The former is also effective under calm conditions in water ranging from a few centimetres to depths in excess of 20 m. These apparatuses both allow the rapid collection of consistent quantitative samples which is of prime importance in the surf zone.  相似文献   

福建省大港湾大型底栖动物的群落特征          下载免费PDF全文

周治东  张跃平  李海平  骆巧琦 《应用海洋学学报》2016,35(4):529-536

为了了解福建省惠安县大港湾大型底栖动物的群落组成、密度、生物量和生物多样性指数等群落特征,在大港湾布设了12个测站,于2013年1月(冬季)和4月(春季)进行调查.两次调查初步鉴定大型底栖动物174种,冬季99种,春季136种.其中多毛类、甲壳动物、软体动物占总物种数的86.7%,构成了大港湾大型底栖动物的主要类群.平均生物量13.02 g/m2,冬季5.19 g/m2,春季20.54 g/m2;平均密度439.80 ind/m2,冬季402.61 ind/m2,春季475.42 ind/m2.大型底栖动物群落中优势度指数大于2%的物种冬季有11种,春季有8种;以密度、生物量和出现频率3种数据为参数计算的物种相对重要性指数大于1 000的冬、春季都只有模糊新短眼蟹(Neoxenophthalnus obscurus)1种,说明模糊新短眼蟹在该海区的综合优势度较高.冬季和春季的多样性指数(H')、丰富度指数d与均匀度指数J存在显著差异,总体上冬季明显小于春季.根据群落Bray-Curitis相似性系数对大港湾12个测站进行群落分布聚类分析,12个测站聚类为3组.用多维排序尺度方法对大港湾12个测站进行群落结构分析,呈现的不同程度分离点阵表明12个测站可划分为3个群落,与群落分布聚类分析结果一致.  相似文献   

Macrobenthic community structure of soft-bottom sediments at the Belgian Continental Shelf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gert Van Hoey  Steven Degraer  Magda Vincx 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,59(4):599-613

Within the frame of different research projects, a large number of sites at the Belgian Continental Shelf (BCS) have been sampled for the macrobenthos between 1994 and 2000. These samples cover a diverse range of habitats: from the sandy beaches to the open sea, from the gullies between the sandbanks to the tops of the sandbanks, and from clay to coarse sandy sediments. To investigate the large-scale spatial distribution of the macrobenthos of the Belgian Continental Shelf, the data of all these research projects—728 samples—were combined and analysed. By means of several multivariate techniques, 10 sample groups with similar macrobenthic assemblage structure were distinguished. Each sample group is found in a particular physico-chemical environment and has a specific species composition. Four sample groups differ drastically, both in habitat and species composition, and are considered to represent four macrobenthic communities: (1) the muddy fine sand Abra alba–Mysella bidentata community is characterized by high densities and diversity; (2) the Nephtys cirrosa community occurs in well-sorted sandy sediments and is characterized by low densities and diversity; (3) very low densities and diversity typify the Ophelia limacina–Glycera lapidum community, which is found in coarse sandy sediments and (4) the Eurydice pulchra–Scolelepis squamata community is typical for the upper intertidal zone of sandy beaches. These macrobenthic communities are not isolated from each other, but are linked through six transitional species assemblages. The transition between the A. alba–M. bidentata community and the N. cirrosa community is characterized by a reduction in the mud content and is dominated by Magelona johnstoni. The transition between the N. cirrosa and the O. limacina–G. lapidum community is distinctive by decreasing densities and coincides with a gradual transition between medium and coarse sandy sediments. From the N. cirrosa to the E. pulchra–S. squamata community, transitional species assemblages related to the transition from the subtidal to the intertidal environment were found. Each community or transitional species assemblages was found over a specific range along the onshore–offshore gradient, four types can be discerned: (1) almost restricted to the near-shore area, but possible wider distribution; (2) distributed over the full onshore–offshore gradient; (3) restricted to the near-shore area and (4) restricted to the sandy beach environment. The diversity pattern on the BCS follows this division, with species rich and poor assemblages in the near-shore area to only species poor assemblages more offshore. The distribution and diversity patterns are linked to the habitat type, distinguished by median grain size and mud content.  相似文献   

Influence of spatial scales of observation on temporal change in diversity and trophic structure of fine-sand communities from the English Channel and the southern North Sea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ghertsos  Konstantinos; Luczak  Christophe; Dewarumez  Jean-Marie; Dauvin  Jean-Claude 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(5):1481-1487

  相似文献   

深圳湾福田红树林潮滩大型底栖动物的垂直分布   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

高阳  蔡立哲  马丽  徐华林  王勇军  昝启杰 《台湾海峡》2004,23(1):76-81

2002年1月对深圳湾福田红树林潮滩0～10、10～20、20～30cm层的大型底栖动物的垂直分布进行了研究．结果表明，羽须鳃沙蚕主要分布在10～20cm层，奇异稚齿虫、德氏狭口螺、尖刺樱虫、寡鳃齿吻沙蚕、莫顿长尾虾、沼蚓和小头虫主要分布在0～10cm层．大型底栖动物在0～10cm层呈高密度分布是各种类型潮间带生物分布的共性，其原因是沉积物越深含氧量越低、食物越少．大型底栖动物个体的分布深度与其种类有关．  相似文献   

岩礁潮间带大型底栖生物对资源增殖保护区建立的生态响应——以台州大陈岛为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭欣  吴洪喜  高鹏程  陈清建  仇建标  蔡景波  李磊 《海洋学研究》2012,30(1):19-26

于2006、2007和2009年台州大陈岛猪腰屿资源增殖保护区建立前、后,对该保护区内潮间带大型底栖生物进行了采样调查,分析了大型底栖生物的种类组成、数量、群落结构及增殖放流品种对保护区建立的生态响应.结果显示:保护区建立后,大型底栖生物的物种数、生物量和丰度均比建区前有明显提高;增殖放流黄口荔枝螺Thais lute...  相似文献   

2009年春季舟山海域大型底栖生物群落结构的生态特征     

贾海波  胡颢琰  唐静亮  黄备  毛宏跃 《海洋学研究》2012,30(1):27-33

2009年4月对舟山海域13个站位的大型底栖生物群落结构的生态特征进行了调查,并结合2001—2008年浙江近岸海域生态环境监测数据资料,分析了该海域大型底栖生物的变化趋势及其生存环境现状。结果表明,调查海域共鉴定出大型底栖生物84种,其中多毛类31种,甲壳类25种,软体动物12种,鱼类8种,腔肠动物4种,棘皮动物和其它类各2种。2009年春季该海域大型底栖生物的生物量平均值为11.62g/m2,丰度平均值为208.5个/m2,生物多样性指数(H′)为1.64,丰度呈由近岸向外海递增的趋势。根据Bray-Curtis相似性系数聚类分析和多维尺度排序分析,该海域大型底栖生物可划分为3个群落,分别为群落Ⅰ:双鳃内卷齿蚕-织纹螺-孔鰕虎鱼群;群落Ⅱ:色斑角吻沙蚕-脊尾白虾群落;群落Ⅲ:葛氏长臂虾-织纹螺群。通过丰度/生物量累积k-优势度曲线分析可知,该海域大型底栖生物群落已受到中度程度的污染或扰动,群落结构不稳定。比较分析2001—2009年舟山海域大型底栖生物生物量和丰度变化趋势可知,个体较小、生长周期较短的种类逐步成为舟山海域的优势类群。  相似文献   

Impact of Mussel Culture on Macrobenthic Community Structure in Saldanha Bay, South Africa   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

J. M. E. Stenton-dozey  L. F. Jackson  A. J. Busby 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):357-366

The impact of raft mussel-culture in Saldanha Bay, South Africa on macrobenthic community structure (abundance and biomass) was studied. Sampling was conducted in January between 1993 and 1996 to assess: (1) the composition of macrobenthos below rafts relative to outside the farm; (2) effects of raft position and age within the farm; and (3) recovery rate of benthos after raft removal. Analyses included ABC plots, hierarchical clustering and species diversity indices. Disturbed communities were found under 78% of raft sites sampled. The level of disturbance (Warwick Statistics) and the dominant opportunistic species (Bray–Curtis Similarities) changed from year to year, polychaetes and scavenging gastropods being most common. The degree of disturbance appeared related to raft sites positioned in the middle of the farm rather than raft age. Whereas ABC plots and hierarchical cluster analyses best identified the disturbance of benthic communities, diversity indices detected marginal recovery four years after raft removal. Although deposit feeders dominated all sites, suspension feeders increased in number and biomass at reference sites. This study presented a “yes/no” scenario that will be addressed in subsequent research in the modelling of culture ecosystems.  相似文献