北戴河退化滨海湿地土壤微生物多样性研究          下载免费PDF全文

何昌飞  郑立  高伟  迟雯丹  李倩  韩彬  丁金凤  徐希媛 《海洋科学进展》2019,37(2):294-305

滨海湿地退化是全球关注的一个热点研究问题,其中湿地退化对土壤细菌群落结构和生态学功能的影响程度目前知之甚少。对北戴河大潮坪滨海湿地植被区和退化区土壤细菌多样性、环境因子和共现性关系的研究显示,滨海湿地植被区微生物香农指数显著高于退化区的,细菌OTU注释结果表明变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)是主要的细菌类群,它们相对丰度共占群落的85%～95%。厚壁菌门的芽胞杆菌纲(Bacilli)在退化区丰度显著高于植被区的,浮霉菌门的Planctomycetia和Phycisphaerae在植被区的丰度明显高于退化区的。环境因子分析表明,退化区域微生物群落结构受土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)质量比和土壤含盐量的影响,其中土壤PAHs质量比高于1.273 mg/kg时,微生物多样性呈现下降趋势,土壤含盐量和细菌的丰富度呈负相关关系。属间共现性关系(Co-occurrence)研究表明随着滨海湿地的退化,土壤中固碳细菌的生态学功能逐渐增强。对滨海湿地退化影响土壤细菌群落结构和生态学功能的进一步认识,为滨海湿地生态修复和效果评价提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

长耳珠母贝核rRNA基因ITS-2序列分析   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

何毛贤  黄良民 《热带海洋学报》2004,23(5):81-84

以相应引物聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增长耳珠母贝(Pinctada chemnitzi)核核糖体RNA基因第2转录间隔区(ITS-2),PCR产物大小约500bp,经克隆、测序,所得序列包含5．8S和28SrRNA基因部分序列和ITS-2全序列,4种碱基含量分别为27．11％(A)、24．95％(G)、21．26％(T)和26．68％(C)。5个克隆的DNA序列差异为0．0％-0．4％,不存在个体内变异。对其潜在应用进行了讨论。  相似文献   

中国明对虾混合养殖池塘沉积物微生物群落比较研究     

关晓燕  王摆  蒋经伟  田甲申  董颖  陈仲  高杉  王旭达  孙冰  段萍  赵泽龙  周遵春 《海洋通报》2020,39(6):730-739

微生物群落在养殖池塘生态系统中发挥着重要的作用,与环境质量及养殖动物的生长和疾病暴发密切相关。为了考察中国明对虾不同混养模式中的微生态状况,本研究基于 16S rRNA 基因的高通量测序技术,比较了 6 种不同中国明对虾混 养池塘沉积物微生物群落的差异。结果表明,6 种混养池塘沉积物的主要微生物均为变形菌门 （Proteobacteria） 和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）,与褐牙鲆的混养,会导致变形菌门丰度升高,同时抑制放线菌门的生长。中国明对虾、海蜇、菲律宾蛤仔混养具有最高的沉积物微生物群落丰富度和多样性。通过对微生物功能进行预测发现,化能异养和含硫化合物的呼吸是中国对虾混养池塘沉积物微生物群落的主要功能。中国明对虾、海蜇、菲律宾蛤仔混养沉积物中部分细菌的某特异性富集,可以提高沉积物中溶解氧量并促进化学物污染物的降解。综上所述,中国明对虾、海蜇、菲律宾蛤仔混养模式在 6 种不同中国明对虾混养池塘中微生态状况最佳。  相似文献   

应用新一代测序技术测定大室别藻苔虫线粒体基因组全序列     

申欣  田美  朱长保  刘会莲  赵方庆 《海洋学报》2012,34(2):136-142

线粒体基因组的获得传统上通常是采取长PCR结合鸟枪法或步移法测序。近年来新一代测序技术蓬勃发展,以454,Solexa和SOLiD测序平台为代表。应用新一代高通量测序技术(Solexa)并结合巢式PCR扩增,完成了大室别藻苔虫(Membranipora grandicella)的线粒体基因组全序列。大室别藻苔虫线粒体基因组是目前国际上获得的第一条苔藓动物软壁亚目线粒体基因组全序列,基因组全长为15861 bp,比已完成的4种苔藓动物线粒体基因组略大。大室别藻苔虫线粒体基因组包含13个蛋白质编码基因、2个核糖体RNA基因和20个转运RNA基因。通过与已测得的苔藓动物进行比较,发现目前已完成的5个苔藓动物线粒体基因组的基因排列顺序显著不同。苔藓动物线粒体基因组基因排列的比较,今后可能会成为探讨该类群系统演化关系的重要信息来源。  相似文献   

池塘内循环流水养殖下太湖鲂鲌(翘嘴鲌(♀)×三角鲂(♂))肠道微生物群落变化的研究     

李倩  郭建林  王雨辰  姜建湖  孙丽慧  宓国强  陈建明  顾志敏 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(2):364-370

为研究池塘内循环流水养殖(In-pond Raceway, IPR)模式下太湖鲂鲌(翘嘴鲌(♀)×三角鲂(♂))肠道微生物群落结构的变化,以传统池塘养殖作为对照组,采用16SrRNA高通量测序方法分析了IPR养殖模式下太湖鲂鲌肠道的菌群结构及环境水体微生物多样性的变化。试验结果表明, IPR模式下太湖鲂鲌肠道微生物群落发生了明显的变化,在门分类水平,梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)成为绝对优势菌,所占丰度为92.47%;对照组的优势菌由梭杆菌门、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)组成,三者所占的丰度分别为34.45%、33.30%和21.30%。在养殖水环境中,两种养殖模式的微生物群落数均大于肠道样本,且二者优势菌不同;IPR水环境的优势菌为蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria,36.53%),其次为放线菌门(Actinobacteria,24.67%);对照组水体中的优势菌为放线菌门和变形菌门,分别占细菌总数的38.99%和28.15%。多样性指数结果表明,水环境中的微生物群落Shannon多样性指数、Chao1指数高于肠道样本,IPR养殖对象肠道微生物群落多样性最低。本研究结果揭示,池塘内循环流水高密度养殖模式下,太湖鲂鲌的肠道微生物结构发生了一定的改变,微生物群落多样性降低,应注意该模式下养殖对象的肠道健康,加强养殖管理。  相似文献   

Diversity and geographical distribution of resting stages of eukaryotic algae in the surface sediments from the southern Chinese coastline based on metabarcoding partial 18S rDNA sequences     

Lei Liu  Zhaohui Wang  Songhui Lu 《Marine Ecology》2020,41(3):1-17

Surface sediment samples were collected from sixteen sites of the southern Chinese coastline in this study. Diversity of eukaryotic microalgae was examined using high-throughput sequencing of 18S rDNA to understand the community structure and geological distribution of microalgal resting stages. A total of 218 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected for eukaryotic algae, and only 75 OTUs (34.40%) were detected into species level. The algal communities were composed of sixty-four genera belonged to twelve classes of four phyla. Dinoflagellates were the most abundant and diversified group, which accounted for the average of 56.26% and 53.70% DNA reads and OTUs, respectively. Dinoflagellates were dominated by Protoperidinium, Euduboscquella, Amylax, and Paragymnodinium. Chaetoceros, Thalassiosira, and Skeletonema were abundant in diatoms, while Pedospumella and Paraphysomonas in Chrysophyceae were the most abundant genera due to their massive occurrence in some particular sites. The high abundance of Protoperidinium sequences suggested the high nutrient levels in the southern Chinese coastline. Nineteen of the detected OTUs were assigned to harmful and/or bloom-forming microalgae. The wide occurrence of the toxic dinoflagellate Azadinium poporum and high abundance of Alexandrium pacificum in some particular sites suggested the potential risk of human poisoning.  相似文献   

渤海沉积物中细菌群落结构和基因丰度的空间分布特征     

陈泉睿  樊景凤  苏洁  明红霞  孙志浩  李梦飞  赵小慧  王艳涛  张颖雪  张慧珍  金媛  马笑晚  王斌 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(2):69-78

This study investigated differences in the community structure and environmental responses of the bacterial community in sediments of the Bohai Sea.Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time PCR were used to assay the bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the surface sediments of 13 sampling stations in the Bohai Sea.The results showed that sediments at the majority of the 13 sampling stations were contaminated by heavy metal mercury.The main phyla of bacteria recorded included Proteobacteria(52.92%),Bacteroidetes(11.76%),Planctomycetes(7.39%),Acidobacteria(6.53%)and Chloroflexi(4.97%).The genus with the highest relative abundance was Desulfobulbus(4.99%),which was the dominant genus at most sampling stations,followed by Lutimonas and Halioglobus.The main factors influencing bacterial community structure were total organic carbon,followed by depth and total phosphorus.The content of lead,cadmium,chromium,copper and zinc had a consistent effect on community structure.Arsenic showed a negative correlation with bacterial community structure in most samples,while the impact of mercury on community structure was not significant.The bacterial community in sediment samples from the Bohai Sea was rich in diversity and displayed an increase in diversity from high to low latitudes.The data indicated that the Bohai Sea had abundant microbial resources and was rich in bacteria with the potential to metabolize many types of pollutants.  相似文献   

基于高通量测序技术的两种水螅水母现场食物研究          下载免费PDF全文

徐盛楠  孙婷婷  彭赛君  张建设  董志军 《应用海洋学学报》2020,39(1):49-56

水母类在自然海区的食物组成是摄食生态学研究的核心问题,本研究利用高通量测序技术分析了管花萨氏水母(Sarsia tubulosa)和八斑芮氏水母(Rathkea octopunctata)的现场食物组成。结果表明:管花萨氏水母和八斑芮氏水母现场摄食食物具有较高的多样性,管花萨氏水母摄食食物31种,八斑芮氏水母29种;两种水母从食物组成上看,属于杂食性生物,其食物包括浮游动物、真菌、浮游植物、陆地植物碎屑等;管花萨氏水母和八斑芮氏水母二者互为捕食对象;二者摄食的食物类群具有相似性,主要来源于节肢动物门和颚足纲,均以太平真宽水蚤为摄食优势种,分别贡献两者食物总量的45.14%和42.42%。高通量测序技术是深入探究水母现场食物组成新的技术手段,两种水母的现场食物组成结果为水母摄食生态学的研究提供了重要参考。  相似文献   

Characterization of Bacterial Community Associated with Four Organs of the Yesso Scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) by High-Throughput Sequencing     

MA Yuexin  LI Ming  SUN Jingxian  HAO Zhenlin  LIANG Jun  ZHAO Xuewei 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(2):493-500

We used Illumina high-throughput sequencing of PCR-amplified V3-V4 16 S rRNA gene regions to characterize bacterial communities associated with the adductor muscles, gills, gonads and intestines of the Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis) from waters around Zhangzidao, Dalian, China. Overall, 421,276 optimized reads were classified as 25 described bacterial phyla and 308 genera. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Bacteroidetes, Chlamydiae and Spirochaetae accounted for > 97% of the total reads in the four organs. The bacterial 16 S rDNA sequences assigned to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were abundant in the adductor muscles, gills and gonads; while reads from Tenericutes were dominant in the intestines, followed by those from Firmicutes, Chlamydiae, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the dominant genera in the adductor muscles, gills and gonads appeared to be Bacillus, Enterococcus and Lactococcus, whereas Mycoplasma was dominant in the intestines. The relative abundances of Bacillus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Alkaliphilus, Raoultella, Paenibacillus and Oceanobacillus were significantly lower in the intestine than in the other three organs. Cluster analysis and principal coordinates analysis of the operational taxonomy units profile revealed significant differences in the bacterial community structure between the intestine and the other three organs. Taken together, these results suggest that scallops have intestine-specific bacterial communities and the adductor muscles, gills and gonads harbor similar communities. The difference in the bacterial community between organs may relate to unique habitats, surroundings, diet and their respective physiological functions.  相似文献   

丹江口库区表层沉积物细菌多样性及功能预测分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

阴星望  田伟  丁一  孙峰  袁键  李玉英  陈兆进 《湖泊科学》2018,30(4):1052-1063

湖泊沉积物微生物是水生态系统的重要组成部分,目前关于丹江口库区沉积物细菌群落和功能研究鲜见报道.于2017年5月对丹江口库区内5个典型生态点位表层沉积物进行采集,采用高通量测序技术对表层沉积物细菌群落组成进行研究,结果表明细菌群落主要由变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)和硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)等33个门和318个属组成,具有丰富的群落组成.沉积物细菌群落和理化指标冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,pH值、总磷、有机质和铵态氮含量均能显著影响沉积物细菌群落组成.细菌属分类单元与环境因子Spearman相关分析表明,变形菌门中11个属的细菌与环境因子显著相关,为与环境因子显著相关细菌的主要组成(占47.62%).采用细菌群落功能预测软件PICRUSt(Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States)对表层沉积物细菌群落进行分析,结果表明沉积物细菌功能主要涉及能量产生和转换、信号转导机制、氨基酸运输和代谢、细胞壁/细胞膜/膜结构的生物合成等24个基因功能家族,表现出功能上的丰富性.基因功能家族预测基因拷贝数表现为台子山宋岗库心渠首黑鸡嘴.  相似文献