Vulnerable groups and preliminary insights into intersecting categories of identity in Laamu Atoll,Maldives     

Karen E. McNamara  Rachel Clissold 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2019,40(3):410-428

The notion of vulnerability has acquired a significant role in discussions around reducing risk and identifying vulnerable groups, which is particularly important for targeting risk‐reducing policy and practice. Through ten semi‐structured interviews with 24 stakeholders, this study collected local perceptions on the following groups considered most vulnerable in Laamu Atoll, Maldives: youth and children, women, the elderly, people with disabilities, displaced persons and migrants, and farmers. In doing this, the significance of intersecting categories of identity for understanding vulnerability emerged and was explored; an approach that is often absent or scarcely applied in studies that identify vulnerable groups in the Maldives and elsewhere. Intersections between location, youth and gender or disability, as well as gender and marital status emerged as relevant for the Laamu Atoll context. Although this study acknowledges the incompleteness of its intersectional analysis, these findings provide important preliminary insights into the role of intersectionality in shaping vulnerability experience. To enhance scholarship on vulnerability, future studies could further explore intersectionality in Laamu Atoll and the Maldives using this study as a base and also improve its practical applicability for policy and practice.  相似文献   

Sea state estimation using multiple ships simultaneously as sailing wave buoys     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The article presents initial ideas towards a network-based approach for sea state estimation used for marine operations and other maritime applications. In principle, all available means, ranging from in situ buoys, fleet of ships to remote sensing by satellite and aircraft, could be considered, emphasising that each means and any combinations among may act simultaneously. This study focuses on just one of the means; the use of ships as sailing wave buoys. The article introduces the wave buoy analogy, i.e. ship-as-a-wave-buoy, and it makes a proposal on how to impose (different) weights to the single ship-specific wave spectrum estimates obtained from multiple ships. Moreover, the work includes a discussion about the importance to associate a measure to reflect the (un)certainty of the wave spectrum estimate. The article presents a numerical case study, where multiple ships act simultaneously as wave spectrum-estimators. The case study relies on numerical motion simulations, as appropriate full-scale data is not yet available. In the analysis, it is shown that the use of simultaneous data from multiple ships leads to more accurate wave spectrum estimations.  相似文献   

基于浮标资料的中国东部海域最大波高特征分析     

周媛媛  周林  关皓  杨波 《海洋预报》2019,36(2):21-29

利用原国家海洋局2010—2015年的浮标资料,计算渤、黄、东海有效波高和最大波高的线性关系,并通过1992—2011年共20 a的数值模拟有效波高资料计算中国东部海域各月的2.5 m、4 m、6 m以上最大波高频率和最大波高月极值分布。结果发现:中国东部海域由北至南,最大波高与有效波高的比值逐渐增大;最大波高频率和最大波高月极值空间分布均由渤海、黄海至东海逐渐增大,最大波高频率的极值12月最大,4或5月最小,最大波高月极值9月最大,4月最小。其时空分布表明:受不同天气系统影响,夏秋季台风较多,容易出现极值较大的最大波高;秋冬季冷空气较强,虽然最大波高极值相对较小,但大浪持续时间长、频率大、影响范围广。  相似文献   

基于GIS的宁波市海洋专题保障预报综合信息服务平台开发与应用          下载免费PDF全文

周雅静  龙绍桥 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(3):416-424

利用GIS地理信息系统、网络数据库等技术,设计开发一个集港口码头潮汐潮流精细化预报、海上搜救辅助决策、海上溢油及化学品漂移扩散辅助决策、海洋环境预警预报等功能于一体的宁波市海洋专题保障预报综合信息服务平台,为宁波涉海涉渔部门提供精准直观、灵活多样的各项专题海洋预报产品,更好地服务宁波市海洋经济的发展,提升地方政府海上突发事件应急能力。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variability of small fishes related with environmental factors in a typical domestic tap water lake,Eastern China     

CAI Xingwei  YE Shaowen  LI Wei  FAN Hourui  LI Zhongjie  ZHANG Tanglin  LIU Jiashou 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(1):278-289

The knowledge of prey small ?sh stock, distribution and abundance is necessary to guide stocking of piscivorous ?sh for the biomanipulation in domestic tap water lakes. This study describes the current status of small ?sh community in Kuilei Lake(China), and examines the spatial and seasonal variations of the community in relation to key environmental factors. Based on submerged macrophyte cover and water depth, the lake was divided into ?ve major habitats:(1) macrophyte covered shallow habitat of water depth< 2.00 m,(2) uncovered or less-covered shallow habitat(2.00 m–3.50 m),(3) uncovered medium shallow habitat(3.50 m–5.00 m),(4) uncovered medium deep habitat(5.00 m–6.50 m) and(5) uncovered deep habitat(6.50 m–8.50 m). The abundance and composition of small ?sh were monitored by benthic fykenet sampling from April 2013 to January 2014. A total of 2881 individuals belonging to 5 families and 21 species were collected. Based on their abundance(accounted for 88.96% of the total) and occurrence(more than 33.33%), Acheilognathus chankaensis, Acheilognathus macropterus, Microphysogobio microstomus,Pseudorasbora parva and Rhinogobius giurinus were recognized as dominant small ?sh species. The results of correlation analysis identi?ed that species richness( Sr), Shannon-Wiener diversity index( H′)and Margalef′s richness index( D) were signi?cantly negatively correlated with water depth, but positively correlated with biomass of submerged macrophytes.Redundancy analysis(RDA) revealed that the spatial distributions of most small ?shes were negatively associated with water depth. The details of these ?ndings are bene?cial to understanding the adaptation of the small ?shes in degraded environments, and to developing suitable biomanipulation strategies for the management of ?sh resources and water quality in the lakes along the lower reach of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River basin.  相似文献   

遥感监测下的渝东南小城镇镇区拓展特征探究     

段松江  丁忆  胡艳  李朋龙  范文武 《地理空间信息》2019,17(7):63-64,I0002

DUAN Songjiang  相似文献   

小区域消费级无人机倾斜摄影像控点布设及建模精度研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

桑文刚  李娜  韩峰  赵培华  李玉斌 《测绘通报》2019,(10):93-96

像控点布设是无人机倾斜摄影施测阶段的重要环节,直接决定后期三维实景模型的精度。本文面向校园等小区域环境,利用消费级单镜头多旋翼无人机航摄系统获取影像数据,重点设计了不同像控点布设方案,基于全自动数据处理系统进行空三加密及三维模型的构建,并对模型成果进行精度分析,为实际工作中小区域像控点的布设提供建议和指导。  相似文献   

利用GPS拖体在万山区域测量平均海面技术研究     

翟万林  朱建华  马超飞  樊小慧  闫龙浩  王贺  陈春涛 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):123-132

Wanshan area has been chosen to be the specified field to calibrate and validate(Cal/Val) the HY-2 altimeter and its follow-on satellites. In March 2018, an experiment has been conducted to determine the sea surface height(SSH) under the HY-2 A ground track(Pass No. 203). A GPS towing-body(GPS-TB) was designed to measure the SSH covering an area of about 6 km×28 km wide centered on the HY-2 A altimeter satellite ground track. Three GPS reference stations, one tide gauge and a GPS buoy were placed in the research area, in order to process and resolve the kinematic solution and check the precision of the GPS-TB respectively. All the GPS data were calculated by the GAMIT/GLOBK software and TRACK module. The sea surface was determined by the GPS-TB solution and the tide gauge placed on Zhiwan Island. Then the sea surface of this area was interpolated by Arc GIS10.2 with ordinary Kriging method. The results showed that the precision of the GPS-TB is about 1.10 cm compared with the tide gauge placed nearby, which has an equivalent precision with the GPS buoy. The interpolated sea surface has a bias of –1.5–4.0 cm with standard deviation of 0.2–2.4 cm compared with the checking line. The gradient of the measured sea surface is about 1.62 cm/km along the HY-2 orbit which shows a good agreement compared with the CLS11 mean sea surface(MSS). In the Cal/Val of satellites, the sea surface between the tide gauge/GPS buoy and the footprint of altimeter can be improved by this work.  相似文献   

一种用于海洋综合观测浮标的多种通信方式集成系统   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王春晓  王旭  刘长华  贾思洋 《海洋科学》2020,44(1):142-147

为了优化海洋综合观测浮标的通信系统,设计了一种通信方式集成系统,将多种通信模块进行集成管理,并在每个数据发送周期进行通信信号检测,经过比较选择最优的通信方式进行数据传输。该系统具有采集数据完整、数据冗余小、运行功耗低等优点,有效增强了浮标的通信能力,完善了原有通信系统的功能,并且后期还具备较强的可扩展性功能,如浮标舱内环境监测和独立定位等,进一步增强浮标的安全性。该系统已经完成12个月的海上试运行,系统运行稳定,功能达到预期,可满足海洋综合观测浮标对多种通信方式进行优化管理的需求。  相似文献   

无人船现状及发展趋势综述     

蒲进菁  刘涵  江云华  黄坚  邝广绅  李小龙 《海洋信息》2020,35(1):6-11

无人船是海洋技术发展的产物,作为一种新型技术手段目前已在海洋调测和防务领域广泛应用.本文从无人船系统的组成、应用领域和发展现状出发,归纳总结无人船的关键技术,并研究其发展趋势.作为一种水面机动载体,无人船关键技术包括特型平台设计技术、运动控制技术和通信技术3个方面,其核心是围绕任务内容、载荷原理、使用环境特点,以应用设计、功能开发为主体的系统集成和应用.现阶段无人船主要作为传统海上工作方法的补充,在遵守、参照现有各种法规、技术标准要求的前提下,搭载已成型的船用任务载荷,按照载人船舶的作业模式、施工惯例投入各种应用.未来随着材料技术、人工智能、通信技术的发展,以及相关政策、法规的建立、健全,无人船将逐步成为一种独立的技术手段,形成一系列新的作业模式和技术方法.  相似文献