基于Contourlet变换的海底声纳图像特征提取与分类   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李庆武  石丹  霍冠英 《海洋学报》2011,33(5):163-168

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Detection of deep water benthic macroalgae using image-based classification techniques on multibeam backscatter at Cashes Ledge,Gulf of Maine,USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chris McGonigle  Jonathan H. Grabowski  Craig J. Brown  Thomas C. Weber  Rory Quinn 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Benthic macroalgae form an important part of temperate marine ecosystems, exhibiting a complex three-dimensional character which represents a vital foraging and spawning ground for many juvenile fish species. In this research, image-based techniques for classification of multibeam backscatter are explored for the detection of benthic macroalgae at Cashes Ledge in the Gulf of Maine, USA. Two classifications were performed using QTC-Multiview, differentiated by application of a threshold filter, and macroalgal signatures were independently extracted from the raw sonar datagrams in Matlab. All classifications were validated by comparison with video ground-truth data. The unfiltered classification shows a high degree of complexity in the shallowest areas within the study site; the filtered demonstrates markedly less variation by depth. The unfiltered classification shows a positive agreement with the video ground-truth data; 82.6% of observations recording Laminaria sp., 39.1% of Agarum cribrosum and 100.0% (n = 3) of mixed macroalgae occur within the same acoustically distinct group of classes. These are discrete from the 8.1% recorded agreement with absences and nulls (>40 m) of macrophytes (n = 32) from a total of 86 ground-truth locations. The results of the water column data extraction (WCDE) show similar success, accurately predicting 78.3% of Laminaria sp. and 30.4% of A. cribrosum observations.  相似文献   

SHADOWS合成孔径声纳系统及性能测试     

牟健  贺惠忠  姜峰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z2):159-163

与传统的侧扫声纳相比,合成孔径声纳系统具有全覆盖无遗漏扫测,测量范围大、速度快,图像分辨率高等优点。本文介绍我国引进第一套SHADOWS合成孔径声纳系统的技术性能,分析SHADOWS合成孔径声纳系统性能测试情况及实际测量中的应用价值,提出了存在的问题及其对策。  相似文献   

Transition from wavelets to ripples in a laboratory flume with a diverging channel   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

William B. RAUEN  Roger A. FALCONER 《国际泥沙研究》2008,23(1):1-12

An experimental investigation on the initiation and development of bed forms on a bed of fine silica sand was conducted under alluvial flow conditions in a laboratory flume with a diverging channel. The main aims of the study were to assess： i） the steepness of bed forms in the transition stage of development; and ii） the threshold height of wavelets （ηt） that triggered the start of ripple development. Detailed bed profile measurements were carried out using an acoustic Doppler probe, traversed longitudinally over the sediment bed at various experimentation times. The bed form dimensions were extracted from such bed profile records and analysed for the wavelet, transition and equilibrium stages. It was found that the steepness of ripples in the transition and equilibrium stages were similar, confirming predictions of previous mathematical model simulations. A lognormal distribution fitted the wavelet length data. The wavelet threshold height was estimated as ηt ≈ 7 mm, or ηt≈ 80 in wall units. Such a height magnitude suggested that ripple development could be triggered by the wavelets reaching the outer flow zone of a turbulent boundary layer. The ηt value obtained corresponded generally to the intersection point between two predictive equations for bed form dimensions. A formulation was developed to predict ηt as a function of the sediment grain size, which was confirmed for the fine sand used in this study.  相似文献   

钢筋混凝土管桩反射波法的三维有限元分析   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5  

黄大治  陈龙珠 《岩土力学》2005,26(5):803-808

对桩-土系统用三维有限元模型和Wilson- 直接积分法计算钢筋混凝土管桩顶面的瞬态动力响应,并由此分析了管桩顶面不同测点的反射波信号特征及其与桩身缺陷的对应规律。计算结果表明：管桩顶部波传播的三维效应对桩身浅部局部缺陷深度的判断有较大的影响,所得结论对由反射波法检测管桩全截面断裂和局部缺陷以及传感器的合理布置有较大的指导作用。  相似文献   

冻土纵、横波宽带超声换能器的研制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

彭万巍  袁易全 《冰川冻土》2000,22(1):85-89

根据冻土弹性波测试的要求,研制了一种冻土测试用的５００ＫＨz纵横波复合宽带超声换 能哭喊 。其性能具有灵敏度高、频带宽、声阻撤低的特点,适用于冻土力学特笥的测试。文章介绍了它的结构及相应系统特性,并以１０ｐｓ的延时时间精度,在零度以下气温条件下,实测了不同含水量及负温冻结兰州黄土试块的纵、横波速,获得了好的结果。  相似文献   

Tracking the last sea-level cycle: seafloor morphology and shallow stratigraphy of the latest Quaternary New Jersey middle continental shelf     

Catherine Schuur Duncan  John A. Goff  James A. AustinJr.  Craig S. Fulthorpe 《Marine Geology》2000,170(3-4):395-421

Seafloor geomorphology and surficial stratigraphy of the New Jersey middle continental shelf provide a detailed record of sea-level change during the last advance and retreat of the Laurentide ice sheet (120 kyr B.P. to Present). A NW–SE-oriented corridor on the middle shelf between water depths of 40 m (the mid-shelf “paleo-shore”) and 100 m (the Franklin “paleo-shore”) encompasses 500 line-km of 2D Huntec boomer profiles (500–3500 Hz), an embedded 4.6 km² 3D volume, and a 490 km² swath bathymetry map. We use these data to develop a relative stratigraphy. Core samples from published studies also provide some chronological and sedimentological constraints on the upper <5 m of the stratigraphic succession.The following stratigraphic units and surfaces occur (from bottom to top): (1) “R”, a high-amplitude reflection that separates sediment >46.5 kyr old (by AMS ¹⁴C dating) from overlying sediment wedges; (2) the outer shelf wedge, a marine unit up to 50 m thick that onlaps “R”; (3) “Channels”, a reflection sub-parallel to the seafloor that incises “R”, and appears as a dendritic system of channels in map view; (4) “Channels” fill, the upper portion of which is sampled and known to represent deepening-upward marine sediments 12.3 kyr in age; (5) the “T” horizon, a seismically discontinuous surface that caps “Channels” fill; (6) oblique ridge deposits, coarse-grained shelly units comprised of km-scale, shallow shelf bedforms; and (7) ribbon-floored swales, bathymetric depressions parallel to modern shelf currents that truncate the oblique ridges and cut into surficial deposits.We interpret this succession of features in light of a global eustatic sea-level curve and the consequent migration of the coastline across the middle shelf during the last 120 kyr. The morphology of the New Jersey middle shelf shows a discrete sequence of stratigraphic elements, and reflects the pulsed episodicity of the last sea-level cycle. “R” is a complicated marine/non-marine erosional surface formed during the last regression, while the outer shelf wedge represents a shelf wedge emplaced during a minor glacial retreat before maximum Wisconsin lowstand (i.e., marine oxygen isotope stage 3.1). “Channels” is a widespread fluvial subarial erosion surface formed at the late Wisconsin glacial maximum 22 kyr B.P. The shoreline migrated back across the mid-shelf corridor non-uniformly during the period represented by “Channels” fill. Oblique ridges are relict features on the New Jersey middle shelf, while the ribbon-floored swales represent modern shelf erosion. There is no systematic relationship between modern seafloor morphology and the very shallowly buried stratigraphic succession.  相似文献   

海洋石油管线探测多波束剖面声纳设计     

王继胜  郭元曦  桑恩方  徐小卡 《海洋工程》2007,25(3):78-82

针对海洋石油管线探测多波束剖面声纳的高速、大容量的实时信号处理任务,以及声纳系统进一步扩展的需求,设计并实现了一种基于IP网络互连的、以并行DSP为处理节点的多波束剖面声纳系统.该系统应用于海底石油管线探测与定位,系统中的每个处理节点与数据采集转换部分采用TCP/IP网络连接,可以通过物理上添加一个或多个处理节点成倍的提高系统的信号处理能力,而在软件上无须大的改动.通过电联调与水槽试验,验证了系统的可行性和稳定性,该设计为高速水声阵列信号实时处理系统提供了一种全新的解决思路.  相似文献   

无舵翼水下机器人路径跟踪控制研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

甘永  万磊  陆雯雯  庞永杰 《海洋工程》2007,25(1):70-75

针对无舵翼水下机器人的各种不同任务要求下的路径跟踪控制进行研究。通过模拟人的运动行为,建立了虚拟避碰声纳模型。根据地形跟踪的方法提出基于虚拟声纳的路径跟踪控制方法,并通过考虑纵向速度对于其他各个自由度运动的影响设计了运动控制器。通过海上试验验证了所提出的路径跟踪控制方法对于无舵翼水下机器人是可以满足实际需要的。  相似文献   

海底小目标声呐图像一维最大熵分割的改进方法     

郭海涛  杨志民  田坦  戴愚志 《海洋学报》2007,29(4):152-155

作为海洋高新技术,水声技术日益成为海洋水下探测的主要手段,而且有时是惟一的手段(比如对浑水或对远距离的情况).海底物体搜索、海底救捞、海底探宝、海底“黑烟囱”探测、海底施工以及海洋军事活动(如探测水雷)等多方面都涉及海底小目标(这里的“目标”泛指物体,包括各种人工制造物和自然形成物)探测.对海底小目标探测是一个困难而有意义的课题.高分辨成像声呐在海底小目标探测方面具有良好的应用前景.将高分辨成像声呐应用于海底小目标探测,图像处理是关键.图像分割是图像处理中的主要问题,也是机器视觉领域低层视觉中的主要问题,同时它又是一个经典难题.  相似文献