琼东南盆地深水区断层垂向输导及成藏模式   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王振峰  刘震  曹尚  孙志鹏  左倩媚  王亚辉  何卫军 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(12):96-106

In the Qiongdongnan Basin, faults are well developed.Based on the drilling results, the traps controlled two or more faults are oil-rich. However, when only one fault cut through the sand body, there is no sign for hy-drocarbon accumulation in the sandstone. In terms of this phenomenon, the principle of reservoir-forming controlled by fault terrace is proposed, i.e., when the single fault activates, because of the incompressibility of pore water, the resistance of pore and the direction of buoyancy, it is impossible for hydrocarbon to ac-cumulate in sandstone. But when there are two or more faults, one of the faults acts as the spillway so the hydrocarbon could fill in the pore of sandstone through other faults. In total five gas bearing structures and four failure traps are considered, as examples to demonstrate our findings. According to this theory, it is well-advised that south steep slope zone of Baodao-Changchang Depression, south gentle slope zone of Lingshui Depression, north steep slope zone of Lingshui Depression, and north steep slope zone of Baodao Depression are the most favorable step-fault zones, which are the main exploration direction in next stage.  相似文献   

青海唐古拉沱沱河地区晚更新世河流阶地沉积特征及意义     

刘格升 《华南地质与矿产》2014,(1):1-6

青海沱沱河地区水系密布、河网交织,沿主干水系河流阶地发育。对沱沱河沿岸不同地段河流阶地进行物质成分及古植物孢粉进行研究,确定了自63.1 kaB.P.(ESR)以来的晚更新世草本植物与木本植物两个古植被演化阶段,相应气候由温凉较干向温和较湿转变。详细的测年(TL、ESR)数据显示,位于基座阶地之上的阶地堆积物为晚更新世97.78 KaB.P.以来堆积而成,推断长江水系在研究区的形成与外泄地质时期为晚更新世早期。  相似文献   

Luminescence dating reveals a rapid response to climate change of fluvial terrace formation along the Ani River,northeastern Japan,during the last glacial period     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

Fluvial terraces along the middle reaches of many Japanese rivers were formed during the last glacial period as a result of changes in sediment discharge related to cooler temperatures and/or reduced water discharge because of lower precipitation. The influence of climate change on these fluvial terraces is not yet fully understood because most previous studies lacked detailed reconstructions of the chronology of terrace development. This study provides a detailed luminescence chronology of fluvial terrace deposits along the Ani River, northeastern Honshu, Japan, and compares that chronology to paleoclimatic records. Eight samples for luminescence dating were obtained from an outcrop of terrace deposits (∼10 m thick) in the Ani River valley. The fading-corrected infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) ages are consistent with the fading-corrected post-IR IRSL ages for some samples, which suggests that fading corrections were effective despite the higher fading rates of the IRSL signal. However, for the other samples, the post-IR IRSL ages are significantly older than the fading-corrected IRSL ages due to incomplete bleaching. The pulsed IRSL signals are close to field saturation for older samples, which might have resulted in a greater variation of the ages. Fading-corrected IRSL ages demonstrate periods of rapid aggradation during 105–90 ka and 75–60 ka. Comparison of terrace development with paleoclimatic records indicates that the two periods of fluvial deposition correspond to decreases in precipitation caused by weakened East Asian summer monsoon precipitation and possibly decreases in temperature. The results of this study show that the Ani River responded rapidly to climate change on a time scale of a few tens of thousands of years during the last glacial period.  相似文献   

The Balderton Sand and Gravel: Pre-Ipswichian cold stage fluvial deposits near Lincoln,England     

Allan Brandon  Michael G. Sumbler 《第四纪科学杂志》1991,6(2):117-138

The Balderton Terrace marks a former course of the River Trent between Newark and the Lincoln Gap. The principal deposit, the Balderton Sand and Gravel, is interpreted as a braided river sediment. Ice wedge casts truncated by intraformational erosion surfaces at many levels indicate syndepositional permafrost. Remnant cover deposits overlying the Balderton Sand and Gravel include the partly aeolian Whisby Sand. Locally, both the upper part of the Balderton Sand and Gravel and the cover deposits exhibit features indicative of temperate climate pedogenesis. All these deposits are affected by subsequent cryoturbation. On the basis of these features and the geomorphological and topographical relationship to other terrace deposits of the area, the Balderton Sand and Gravel and Whisby Sand are regarded as post-Hoxnian and pre-lpswichian, i.e. Wolstonian. Electron spin resonance age determinations for fossil elephant teeth and amino acid analyses on molluscs from the Balderton Sand and Gravel suggest correlation with Oxygen Isotope Stage 6. The Balderton Sand and Gravel has yielded a cold-climate mammalian fauna dominated by woolly mammoth and woolly rhinoceros, though rarer species suggest periods of milder climate. Silts from channels near the base of the deposit have produced pollen, mollusc, ostracod and beetle assemblages also indicating a cold climate.  相似文献   

New geomorphic evidence for anticlinal growth driven by blind-thrust faulting along the northern Marche coastal belt (central Italy)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Paola Vannoli  Roberto Basili  Gianluca Valensise 《Journal of Seismology》2004,8(3):297-312

The Northern Marche coastal belt is characterised by a series of NW-SE trending, NE verging folds forming the easternmost edge of the Apennines thrust front. Several geomorphic features suggest that the folds are still growing and hence that the thrust front is active. The occurrence of several historical and instrumental earthquakes (e.g. 1672, 1690, 1786, 1875, 1916, 1930, 1972, all having M_e 5.2) suggests that the thrust faults are also seismogenic.We performed a geomorphological analysis to identify and characterise the faults driving the active folds. Our approach assumes that anomalous drainage patterns and deformed Middle-Late Pleistocene alluvial and coastal terraces are indicators of the vertical component of tectonic strain. We identified, mapped and correlated with sea-level fluctuations a sequence of alluvial and coastal terraces. Longitudinal profiles of six rivers (Conca, Foglia, Metauro, Cesano, Misa, and Esino) show that terraces (1) consistently converge downstream, suggesting that they result from regional uplift that dies out near the coast, and (2) some are slightly warped where they cross anticline axes. We interpreted as coastal terraces several land-surface remnants arranged parallel to the present coastline. Lower remnants clearly top off gently landward-tilted coastal deposits. Reconstructed coastal terraces also seem to be tectonically warped.Our results help characterise the geometry and segmentation of a system that generated the largest earthquakes of the region and suggest the loci of potential seismic gaps. We conclude that the earthquake potential of the densely populated northern Marche coastal belt may be substantially higher than currently estimated.  相似文献   

松辽盆地林甸断陷白垩纪沙河子期盆地次级构造单元与沉积体系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程日辉  朱德丰  王洪艳  王璞珺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(5):793-798

松辽盆地林甸断陷是由2个次级断陷构成的复合断陷。次级断陷由斜坡-断阶带、凹陷带、断隆带构成。盆地的次级构造单元控制了物源区、水系和沉积区的分布,控制了沉积体系的发育与类型。断阶带控制砂体的发育与展布,陡坡断阶带发育冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系,而缓坡断阶发育冲积扇-河流-三角洲沉积体系。断陷内部的断隆带起到分水岭的作用,两侧分别发育河流-三角洲体系。断裂的下降盘不仅可以作为沉积区,而且可以作为沉积物的通道,由此沉积物可以输送到沉积中心区域。由单断凹或双断凹控制的凹陷带发育细粒沉积,为滨湖沼泽和浅湖所占据,成为生油凹陷。  相似文献   

青藏高原东北缘黄河黑山峡出口段阶地特征与断层活动   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

郭进京杜东菊  韩文峰柴寿喜 《工程地质学报》2004,12(4):367-372

青藏高原东北缘黄河黑山峡出口地段夜明山 -长流水沟一带 ,黄河的河流阶地发育和保存的较好。阶地的形成不仅记录了青藏高原北部第四纪以来地壳的 7次隆升过程的特点 ,而且阶地的空间展布及其特征反映了断层F8(7) 和F2 0 1活动的特点。详细的观测研究表明F8(7) 以南发育并保存有 7级阶地 ,而F8(7) 和F2 0 1之间及F2 0 1以北仅保存有 5级阶地。所有的阶地都为基座阶地。其中Ⅰ和Ⅱ级阶地前缘在区内连续展布 ,横跨断层F8(7) 两侧的Ⅲ级阶地前缘仍保持连续 ,但阶地宽度陡然变宽 ,Ⅳ级阶地前缘即Ⅲ级阶地后缘左旋位移 15 0m左右。横跨断层F2 0 1两侧 ,Ⅱ级阶地宽度由 2 0 0m急剧变宽为 710m ,Ⅱ级以上阶地前缘左旋位移均在 4 0 0m左右。断层F8(7) 和F2 0 1两侧阶地宽度的变化和阶地前缘的左旋位移记录了断层F8(7) 和F2 0 1第四纪晚期活动的时空规律 ,为断层的活动性评价提供了良好的依据  相似文献   

广州番禺眉山阶地第四系剖面的年代学框架及构造学意义     

丁准泰 《江苏地质》2019,43(1):38-43

眉山阶地第四系剖面地处番禺断隆区的边缘,毗邻狮子洋断陷区,是珠江三角洲第一次海侵所到达的区域,附近的断裂包括文冲断裂、化龙—黄阁断裂、新会—市桥断裂等三角洲内典型断裂。发育于网纹红土基座上的堆积阶地,自下而上大致分为杂色砂层、白色砂层、淤泥质层3层,构成一个完整的从动水环境到静水环境的沉积旋回。野外调查及14C测年和光释光（OSL）测年结果表明,眉山第四系剖面年龄约在70～30 ka B.P.之间,相当于深海O同位素4—2阶段。结合前人的研究资料,认为阶地面与沉降区的下旋回原本在同一高度,但自晚更新世以来,在断块差异升降中被错开,垂直距离在20 m以上,直观地指示了断隆区与断陷区的运动特征。  相似文献   

太行山东麓汤西断裂南段活动特征分析     

戴骜鹏  刘明军  贺为民  孙译 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(6):571-576

采用槽探、年代样品测试、阶地调查和形变测量监测等方法，对太行山东麓汤西断裂南段进行研究，分析其活动特征。结果表明，汤西断裂发育于中更新世，历经多次活动，断裂并未上延到上更新统地层中，其南段的活动强度较高，最新活动年代为中更新世；汤西断裂西代村场地的垂直形变监测（1999~2014年）结果存在异常，综合监测点数据和区域新构造特征分析发现，该异常可能是研究区区域形变场的反映，并非由汤西断裂活动引起。  相似文献   

西藏朋曲流域不同地貌部位流动沙丘粒度特征     

潘美慧  郝泽文  齐宇涵  杨安娜  陈有桂  李晨露 《中国沙漠》2021,41(6):138-147

沙丘粒度特征不仅能反映沙丘沙物质的来源与动力,也可以体现地形对风沙流运移的改变。对西藏朋曲流域不同地貌部位流动沙丘表层沉积物的粒度特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）朋曲流域流动沙丘表层沉积物粒度组分以中沙（46.51%）和细沙（40.52%）为主,粗沙（5.87%）与极细沙（5.87%）次之,黏土（0.37%）与粉沙（0.85%）含量最低。流动沙丘表层沉积物平均粒径1.41—2.32 Φ,分选系数0.45—0.79 Φ,偏度0.01—0.24,峰度0.98—1.80。（2）从河漫滩到河流阶地到山坡,流动沙丘粒度逐渐变小,频率分布曲线逐渐变高变窄,粒径越来越集中,沿主导风向自西南向东北概率累积曲线斜率逐渐增大,分选性逐渐变好。（3）河漫滩至河流高级阶地流动沙丘表层沉积物随海拔升高粒径变小,坡麓至坡顶随海拔升高粒径变大,分选却变好,表明山坡上沙丘与阶地上沙丘的沙物质来自于不同河段的河床或河漫滩。  相似文献