坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞与生殖细胞叶绿素荧光特性比较     

李家富  张涛  陆勤勤  朱建一  沈宗根  刘兆普  王长海 《海洋科学》2013,37(3):82-86

利用叶绿素荧光技术对坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)叶状体营养细胞和生殖细胞的光能利用特性进行了比较。结果表明:坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞的实际量子效率(ΔF/Fm′)差异不明显,但显著高于雄性生殖细胞;快速光曲线测定表明雌、雄藻体营养细胞的最大相对电子传递速率(rETRmax)相近,但显著高于雄性生殖细胞;不同生殖细胞半饱和光强(Ik)无显著差异;在生长光强下,营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞rETR、光化学猝灭(qP)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)差异不明显,而雄性生殖细胞rETR、qP等荧光参数均显著低于营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞。本文表明坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞具有较高的光能利用能力,能够将吸收的光能多数用于电子传递,而雄性生殖细胞对光能的利用能力较低。  相似文献   

Morphodynamic implications for shoreline management of the western-Mediterranean sector of Egypt     

Omran E. Frihy 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(6):1177-1189

Although the western-Mediterranean coast of Egypt between Sallum and Alexandria, ~550 km long, has maintained a considerable equilibrium throughout history, developers have built traditional protective structures in an effort to form sheltered recreational beaches without taking into consideration its geomorphologic characteristics, coastal processes and their harmful impact on the coastal environment and human safety. The improper practices in this environmentally valuable region have induced us to undertake an initiative to carry out a morphodynamic analysis to provide a framework for understanding the relationship between coastal morphology and the prevailing dynamic forces. Based on the degree of natural protection or wave sheltering, the study shoreline can be categorized into four distinct morphotypical stretches: (1) high-energy wave-exposed shores and the outer margins of the rocky headlands, (2) moderate to high wave-energy beaches along semi-exposed embayments and bays mostly downdrift of the rocky headlands, (3) low-wave energy at semi-exposed headland lee-sided and pocket beaches, and (4) calm wave-sheltered enclosing water basins for safe anchorages, moorings and recreation beaches. The results deducted will have practical applications for shoreline management initiatives regarding sustained sites suitable for future beachfront development such as safe swimming conditions, sport facilities, water intakes and sheltered areas for vessels. In addition, benefits realized by the understanding of the morphodynamic processes would enhance our awareness of the significance of the role of western coast morphodynamics in supporting sustainable development via shoreline management. As far as sustainability is concerned, the selection of appropriate sites would help avoiding or minimizing the formation of the hard structures needed for creating safe recreation beaches. On a national scale, results reached could provide reliable database for information that can be used in establishing a sustainable shoreline management plan, which is, in turn, an essential part when implementing an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan for this region of attraction.  相似文献   

NOAA-AVHRR卫星资料处理业务系统及其在生态环境监测中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

杨忠恩  骆剑承 《应用气象学报》1994,5(2):248-252

简要介绍了浙江省气象科学研究所自行设计和研制的NOAA-AVHRR卫星资料处理业务系统的设计思想、总体结构及主要技术特点，重点介绍了系统软件中三维立体图像显示技术及其在植被生态环境监测中的应用。  相似文献   

深穿透地球化学迁移机理与方法技术研究新进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

唐金荣  吴传璧  施俊法 《地质通报》2007,26(12):1579-1590

系统地论述了近年来国际勘查界在深穿透地球化学迁移机理与方法技术方面的新进展。重点介绍了元素垂向迁移的新模型和新理论,包括"还原囱"模型、"雷暴电池"模型、泵压效应机制等。叙述了国内外深穿透地球化学的研究成果,主要包括加拿大矿业研究组织(CAMIRO)资助的国际合作项目、澳大利亚景观环境与矿产勘查联合研究中心(CRC LEME)的试点研究及其他国家的研究工作。在此基础上,对影响选择性提取技术的关键因素进行了探讨,认为选择性提取技术的战略选择和对单一"目标矿物"的选择性提取比较复杂,在一定程度上受土壤形成过程及其理化性质如pH、Eh等因素的影响,此外还与提取液的浓度、采样深度和提取条件与过程的控制等有关。  相似文献   

Stochastic analysis of neutrally stratified cirrus layer     

K. Ivanova  T.P. Ackerman   《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2007,69(17-18):2265

Two cirrus cloud systems observed during the winter of 2001 at the Southern Great Plains site of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurements program in Oklahoma, USA are studied because of the distinct neutrally stratified layers formed within the clouds. Observations are obtained with 35 GHz millimeter-wave radar and backscattering cross-section η(t) signals within radar-reflectivity restricted sublayers of the clouds are analyzed. The neutrally stratified layers of cirrus clouds are known to be associated with the existence of generating cells. The statistics of radiative properties within the neutrally stratified layers is obtained to be non-Gaussian and time-dependent. The purpose of this research is to derive a model of the cloud-generating cells layer in cirrus based on the statistics of observations. The Fokker–Planck equation approach provides suitable framework to treat non-Gaussian, time-dependent probability density functions (pdfs) such as those found for the η(t) signals. It is shown that the deviations from Gaussianity of radiative properties of the neutrally stratified generating cells layer in cirrus can be modeled by linear stochastically perturbed dynamics with multiplicative noise statistics. Because the multiplicative noise is often identified with state-dependent variations of stochastic feedbacks from unresolved system components it is expected that derived stochastic model will be useful for parameterization of cirrus in global circulation models (GCMs).  相似文献   

高等海洋植物海神草营养器官的组织学特点     

王林桂  赵博  黄勃 《海洋科学》2015,39(12):86-90

采用常规石蜡切片法,对海神草(Cymodocea rotundata)营养器官的组织学进行研究。结果表明:海神草的根、茎、叶均具有发达的通气组织,根由表皮、皮层和维管柱三部分组成,内皮层中有凯氏带且六面加厚结构。茎由表皮、基本组织和维管组织三部分组成,维管组织有1束中央维管束和数束外环维管束,维管束为有限外韧维管束,有气隙分布。叶由表皮、叶肉和叶脉三部分组成,上下表皮均由单层细胞构成,排列规则无胞间隙,其外壁覆盖一层连续的角质层,无气孔但分布有类泡状细胞,表皮细胞中富含叶绿体,是光合作用的主要部位。本文还讨论了海神草营养器官与海洋沉水生活相适应的结构特征。  相似文献   

外源添加物对海底沉积物微生物燃料电池性能的影响     

英明  柳昭慧  赵阳国  付玉彬 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(3):489-496

以天然海泥(BMFC-0)、外添加葡萄糖的海泥(BMFC-1)和外添加丹皮酚的海泥(BMFC-2)作为底物构建海底沉积物微生物燃料电池(BMFCs),研究外源添加物对BMFCs电池性能及电极性能的影响。结果表明,丹皮酚对海泥中微生物具有明显抑制作用,葡萄糖提高海泥中微生物的产电性能。通路状态下,BMFC-1的阳极电位低于BMFC-0,BMFC-2的阳极电位高于BMFC-0。电化学研究结果表明,BMFC-1阳极生物膜中产电菌电化学活性高于BMFC-0,而BMFC-2产电菌的电化学活性受到抑制;BMFC-1和BMFC-2的阳极相对动力学活性分别是BMFC-0的1.91倍和0.67倍。BMFC-1的平均输出功率密度为7.294m W/m2,分别是BMFC-0(0.875m W/m2)和BMFC-2(0.106m W/m2)的8.3和68.8倍。根据添加物对阳极表面生物膜电容特性影响的分析,提出阳极表面电容性质对电极及电池性能影响的独特机理。  相似文献   

可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)重组铁蛋白富集Pb²⁺等重金属特性和功能研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

初双双  张云云  苏倡  王颖  陈丽萍  周君  张迪骏  司开学  苏秀榕 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1358-1364

利用可口革囊星虫重组铁蛋白富集Pb²⁺、Fe³⁺、Cd²⁺、Cr³⁺、Cu²⁺、Mn²⁺、Sn²⁺和Zn²⁺等8 种重金属离子后, 通过透射显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱测定蛋白的超微结构变化和内部基团特性。以 天然的马脾铁蛋白为对照, 观察重组铁蛋白与天然铁蛋白的差别。结果显示, 重组铁蛋白富集Pb²⁺ 和其它7 种重金属离子后蛋白体积大小与重金属离子种类直接相关。重组铁蛋白相对天然铁蛋白来 说在富集不同种类重金属离子后, 除了非特异性酰胺特征峰和蛋白特征峰外, 还出现一些专门富集 某些重金属离子的特异基团, 如:-CH₃、-CH₂-、-CH-、-NH-、-SO₃-、-COOH、-S=S-和-C-S-C 等。 通过细胞实验进一步验证了铁结合蛋白能够通过富集重金属离子Pb²⁺来保护小鼠成骨前体细胞 MRC3T3-E1, 使细胞的死亡率明显降低(P<0.05).  相似文献