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41.
浒苔水体光谱特征参量时间序列数据拟合研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
开展时间序列浒苔水体光谱特征参量的拟合研究可为寻求最佳拟合方法,从而对进一步开展大尺度的高光谱高空间高时间分辨率遥感动态实时监测具有重要的参考价值。在实验室培养3种不同浓度的浒苔水体,用ASD光谱仪测定并获取浒苔水体的时间序列反射光谱,基于反射光谱定量提取光谱特征参量,构建时间序列数据;应用曲线拟合和时间序列ARMA模型开展浒苔水体光谱特征参量的时间序列拟合研究。结果表明:应用二阶或三阶多项式和ARMA模型可较高精度地拟合浒苔水体的光谱特征参量;但时间序列ARMA模型比多项式拟合模型更能反映浒苔水体光谱特征参量的时间序列数据的分布和变动特性。该研究可为浒苔灾害动态监测业务化运行部门提供浒苔光谱数据,同时也为光谱数据的处理和分析提供一种新的方法。 相似文献
42.
对近期在青岛海域大面积聚集漂浮的浒苔（Enteromorpha prolifera （Muell）J．Ag）进行常规显微镜观察，发现细胞内存在大小约1μm的可动的颗粒状结构。分别采用鞭毛染色和扫描电镜观察的方法对其进行了初步研究，均未发现此颗粒状可动结构具有鞭毛。用透射电镜对浒苔细胞的超微结构特征进行了观察，显示浒苔细胞壁致密而厚，每个浒苔细胞有1个片状叶绿体，贴近于细胞壁分布，淀粉粒含量丰富，但依然未发现胞内颗粒状结构具有鞭毛。 相似文献
43.
两种海藻提取物抗水产动物病原菌活性的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了两种大型海藻——羊栖菜(Sargassum fusiforme)、条浒苔(Enteromorpha clathrata)提取物对11种水产动物病原菌的抑制活性。结果显示:羊栖菜乙醇粗提物乙酸乙酯相对溶藻弧菌(Vibrio algi-nolyticus)的抑制作用最明显,抑菌圈可达21.6 mm;薄层层析表明羊栖菜乙醇粗提取物乙酸乙酯相有6条层析带,其中Rf=0.54带对哈氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)的抑制作用最强,抑菌圈可达13.6 mm;条浒苔乙醚粗脂对11种水产动物病原菌均表现出了较强的抑制作用,其中对灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)的抑制作用最强,抑菌圈可达24.7 mm;进一步的实验显示,条浒苔乙醚粗脂3种洗脱组分抗菌性均比粗脂减弱了,而其95%乙醇洗脱组分对恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)的抑菌圈仍可达13.8 mm。说明利用羊栖菜、条浒苔为开发海洋药物资源提供了可能。 相似文献
44.
Effect of temperature and irradiance on growth and reproduction of Enteromorpha prolifera that bloomed offshore along the Qingdao coast in summer 2008, was studied. It was showed that E. prolifera propagated mainly asexually with specific growth rate （SGR） of 10.47 at 25℃/40 μmol m^-2s^-1. Under this condition, gametes with two flagellate formed and released in 5 days. At the beginning of the development, the unicell gamete divided into two cells with heteropolarity, and then the apical cell developed into thalli primordial cells, whereas the basal cell developed into rhizoid primordial cells. In 8-day culture, the monoplast gamete developed into juvenile germling of 240 μm in length. Unreleased gametes can develop directly within the alga body. E. prolifera could either reproduce through lateral branching or fragmenting except apomixis revealed by Microscopic observation. On aged tissue of E. prolifera, although the degraded pigments partially remained in faded algal filaments, numerous vegetative cells could still divide actively in the algal tissues. 相似文献
45.
东海绿藻缘管浒苔营养成分分析及评价 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
分析了缘管浒苔(Enteromorphalinza)一般营养成分、18种氨基酸及矿物质的含量,并与藻类海产品海带、紫菜、羊栖菜、裙带菜进行营养学对照评价。结果表明,缘管浒苔中主要成分是多糖类和粗纤维,占藻体的63.9%。蛋白质含量27.0%,在几种海藻中较高。氨基酸组成均衡,必需氨基酸(EAA)占氨基酸总量(TAA)的38%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为0.62;氨基酸价78,高于海带(47)和紫菜(54),限制性氨基酸均为赖氨酸;呈味氨基酸占总量的53%;谷氨酸、天氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸等含量很高。脂肪量较低,为0.9%。矿物质和维生素含量丰富,其中Mg,Fe,Ca,K,Na,P,Zn等元素含量很高,尤其Mg,Fe,Zn高于其它海藻;钙磷比值合理,为1.9;尤其有害元素As含量远远低于同水域中4种海藻,为2.98mg/kg。因此缘管浒苔是一种低污染的高膳食纤维、高蛋白、低脂肪的富含维生素和矿物质的新型海洋食品。 相似文献
46.
4 种经济海藻脂肪酸组成分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用改进的Bligh-Dyer法提取脂溶性成分,气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)进行分离和鉴定,C19:0内标确定总脂及各组分含量,研究了鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)、浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)、龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)和红毛菜(Bangia sp.)4种经济海藻的脂肪酸组成及含量。结果表明,4种海藻都检测出C14-C22脂肪酸,总脂含量在12～19 mg/g之间,不饱和脂肪酸为主要组成成分,含量均超过60%。不饱和脂肪酸中以多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)为主,富含n-3和n-6系列PUFAs,n-6与n-3系列PUFAs之比均低于2。比较4种海藻脂肪酸组成特点表明,鼠尾藻以C16、C18和C20为主要组成成分,具褐藻类脂肪酸组成特征;浒苔以C16和C18为主要组成成分,具绿藻类脂肪酸组成特征;龙须菜和红毛菜以C16和C20类脂肪酸为主,具典型红藻类脂肪酸组成特征,同时二者又有不同之处,分别显示真红藻与原始红藻脂肪酸组成的特点。 相似文献
47.
A superoxide dismutase was purified from Enteromorpha linza using a simple and safe procedure, which comprised phosphate buffer extraction, ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on Q-sepharose column, and gel filtration chromatography on Superdex 200 10/300GL. The E. linza superoxide dismutase （E/SOD） was purified 103.6-fold, and a yield of 19.1% and a specific activity of 1 750 U/rag protein were obtained. The SDS-PAGE exhibited E/SOD a single band near 23 kDa and the gel filtration study showed E/SOD＇s molecular weight is near 46 kDa in nondenatured condition, indicating it＇s a homodimeric protein. E/SOD is an iron-cofactored superoxide dismutase （Fe-SOD） because it was inhibited by hydrogen peroxide, insensitive to potassium cyanide. The optimal temperature for its maximal enzyme activity was 35℃, and it still had 29.8% relative activity at 0℃, then E/SOD can be classified as a cold-adapted enzyme. E/SOD was stable when temperature was below 40℃ or the pH was within the range of 5 10. The first 11 N-terminal amino acids orE/SOD were ALELKAPPYEL, comparison of its N-terminal sequence with other Fe-SOD N-terminal sequences at the same position suggests it is possibly a chloroplastic Fe-SOD. 相似文献
48.
We collected nine Enteromorpha specimens from the coast of Yantai and evaluated their diversity based on analyses of their ITS （internal transcribed spacer） and 5S rDNA NTS （non-transcribed spacer） sequences. The ITS sequences showed slight nucleotide divergences between Enteromorpha linza and Enteromorpha prolifera. In contrast, multiple highly variable regions were found in the ITS region of Enteromorpha flexuosa. In general, there were more variable sites in the NTS region than in the ITS region in the three species. The variations in 5S rDNA NTS sequences indicated that the molecular diversity of Enteromorpha from the coast of Yantai is very high. However, a phylogenetic tree constructed using 5S rDNA NTS sequence data indicated that genetic differences were not directly related to geographical distribution. 相似文献
49.
用比较解剖学方法观察提江沿海浒苔属（Enteromorpha ）海藻的形态结构,并结合统计分析对其进行 物种鉴定。结果表明,依据藻体分校的有元、数量及分校与主枝直径的大小等形态特征,鉴定的浒苔属j海藻有6种1个变型,分别为缘管浒苔（E. linza）、肠浒苔（ E. intestinalis ）、扁浒苔（ E. compressa ） ,浒苔（E. proliferα）、 条浒苔（E. clathratα）、由浒苔（ E·flexω5α）和肠浒苔宽叶变型（ E. intestinalis f.broadifolium） 0藻体长度由 大到小依次为浒苔、条浒苔、缘管浒苔、肠浒苔、扁浒苔和炀浒苔宽叶变型：细胞呈多角形,藻体的位置不同其细胞大小有所变化,除由浒苔和条浒苔外,其他4种1个变型浒苔的中部细胞最小;所有种类的细胞均有淀粉核,其中肠浒苔、缘管浒苔和扇浒苔仅1个淀粉核,而其他种出现多个淀粉核,尤其条浒苔和曲浒苔数量最多,可达6个以上。定量描述浒苔属6种1个变型的形态特征、内部结构,并发现浒苔属海藻非中空营状的结构特征。 相似文献
50.
QI Xiaohui MAO Wenjun CHEN Yin CHEN Yanli ZHAO Chunqi LI Na WANG Chunyan 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(1):175-182
Two sulfated polysaccharides, designated MP and SP, were extracted from the marine green alga Enteromorpha linza using hot water and then purified using ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. The anticoagulant activities of MP and SP were examined by determination of their activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) using human plasma. Results showed that MP and SP were composed of abundant rhamnose with small amounts of xylose and glucuronic acid, whereas SP also contained a small amount of galactose. Approximate molecular weights of MP and SP were 535 and 502 kDa, respectively. As compared with SP, MP had higher contents of sulfate ester (19.0%) and uronic acid (14.9%). The MP mainly consisted of (1→4)-linked rhamnose residues with partially sulfated groups at the C-3 position, and small amounts of (1→3, 4)-linked rhamnose, (1→2, 4)-linked rhamnose, (1→4)-linked glucuronic acid and (1→4)-linked xylose residues. The SP contained abundant (1→4)-linked rhamnose with minor amounts of (1→3)-linked rhamnose, (1→3, 4)-linked rhamnose, (1→2, 4)-linked rhamnose, (1→4)-linked glucuronic acid, (1→4)-linked xylose, and (1→3)-linked galactose residues. The sulfate groups were mainly located at C-3 of (1→4)-linked rhamnose residues. Both MP and SP, in particular the former, effectively prolonged APTT and TT. This work demonstrates that MP and SP have unique structural characteristics distinct from those of other sulfated polysaccharides from Enteromorpha. The MP is a potential source of anticoagulant, and the difference in anticoagulant activities of the two sulfated polysaccharides is directly linked to the discrepancy of their chemical features. 相似文献