UAV for mapping shrubland vegetation: Does fusion of spectral and vertical information derived from a single sensor increase the classification accuracy?     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2019

High quality data on plant species occurrence count among the essential data sources for ecological research and conservation purposes. Ecologically valuable small grain mosaics of heterogeneous shrub and herbaceous formations however pose a challenging environment for creating such species occurrence maps. Remote sensing can be useful for such purposes, it however faces several challenges, especially the need of ultra high spatial resolution (centimeters) data and distinguishing between plant species or genera. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are capable of producing data with sufficient resolution; their use for identification of plant species is however still largely unexplored. A fusion of spectral data with LiDAR-derived vertical information can improve the classification accuracy, such a solution is however costly. A cheaper alternative of vertical data acquisition can be represented by the use of the structure-from-motion photogrammetry (SfM) utilizing the images taken for (multi/hyper)spectral analysis. We investigated the use of such a fusion of UAV-borne multispectral and SfM-derived vertical information acquired from a single sensor for classification of shrubland vegetation at species level and compared its accuracy with that derived from multispectral information only. Multispectral images were acquired using Tetracam Micro-MCA6 camera in the west of Czechia in a shrubland landscape protected within the NATURA 2000 network. Using (i) multispectral imagery only and (ii) multispectral-SfM fusion, we classified the vegetation into six classes representing four woody plant species and two meadow types. Our results prove that the multispectral-SfM fusion performs significantly better than multispectral only (88.2% overall accuracy, 85.2% mean producer’s accuracy and 85.7% mean user’s accuracy for fusion instead of 73.3%, 75.1% and 63.7%, respectively, for multispectral). We concluded that the fusion of multispectral and SfM information acquired from a single UAV sensor is a viable method for shrub species mapping.  相似文献   

新疆地区鸟类和哺乳动物丰富度与环境因子的空间格局与关系     

龙昶宇  万华伟  李利平  王锦地 《遥感学报》2019,23(1):155-165

干旱区生态系统极易受到气候及土地利用变化的影响,其生物多样性格局及其形成机制是重要的生态学问题。基于新疆地区鸟类及哺乳动物物种多样性数据,结合气候、地形和长时间序列的植被遥感参数产品FAPAR数据等,主要在不同的土地利用类型及海拔带上采用单因子相关分析方法探讨了物种丰富度格局的形成机制。总体来说,不同生境类型中,植被遥感参数因子(DHI、NDVI等)与两种类群物种丰富度分布的相关性强于与气候因子(温度、降水)的相关性。具体而言,植被遥感参数因子中,基于FAPAR的生境指数因子与丰富度的相关性大于基于植被指数的因子(DHI_cumNDVI_cumEVI_cum);气候因子中,在草地生境或者较低的海拔上,年均降水因子对于丰富度分布的解释力强于年均温度因子。这表明在新疆地区,影响鸟类与哺乳类动物物种丰富度分布的主导理论是生境异质性假说与环境稳定性假说,其解释力在多种生境内均强于生产力与环境热量。  相似文献   

Modelling the spatial distribution of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), sole (Solea solea) and thornback ray (Raja clavata) in UK waters for marine management and planning     

D.L. Maxwell  V. Stelzenmüller  P.D. Eastwood  S.I. Rogers 《Journal of Sea Research》2009,61(4):258-267

Species distribution maps are needed for ecosystem-based marine management including the development of marine spatial plans. If such maps are based on predictive models then modelling procedures should aim to maximise validation success, and any uncertainty in the predictions needs to be made explicit. We developed a predictive modelling approach to produce robust maps of the distributions of selected marine species at a regional scale. We used 14 years of survey data to map the distributions of plaice, sole and thornback ray in three hydrographic regions comprising parts of the Irish Sea, Celtic Sea and the English Channel with the help of the hybrid technique regression kriging, which combines regression models with geostatistical tools. For each species–region combination we constructed logistic Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) based on presence–absence data using the environmental variables: depth, bottom temperature, bed shear stress and sediment type, as predictors. We selected GLMs using the mean squared error of prediction (MSEP) estimated by cross-validation then conducted a geostatistical analysis of the residuals to incorporate spatial structure in the predictions. In general, we found that species occurrence was positively related to shallow areas, a bed shear stress of between 0 and 1.5 N/m², and the presence of sandy sediment. Predicted species occurrence probabilities were in good agreement with survey observations. This modelling framework selects environmental models based on predictive ability and considers the effect of spatial autocorrelation on predictions, together with the simultaneous presentation of observations, associated uncertainties, and predictions. The potential benefit of these distribution maps to marine management and planning is discussed.  相似文献   

Comparisons between the characteristics of ichthyofaunas in nearshore waters of five estuaries with varying degrees of connectivity with the ocean     

S.D. Hoeksema  B.M. Chuwen  I.C. Potter 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

The characteristics of the fish faunas in nearshore, shallow (<1.2 m) waters of the basins of estuaries along the same coastline, but which were open to the ocean for varying periods, have been determined and compared. The fish faunas of the permanently-open Oyster Harbour, the seasonally-open Broke, Irwin and Wilson inlets and the normally-closed Wellstead Estuary on the south coast of Western Australia were sampled by seine net seasonally for 2 years. Irrespective of the frequency and duration that the estuary mouth was open, the ichthyofauna of each estuary was numerically dominated by three atherinid species and three gobiid species (92.9–99.7%), each of which completes its life cycle within these estuaries. The ichthyofaunal compositions of each estuary differed significantly, however, from that of each other estuary. These differences were largely attributable to the relative abundances of the above six species varying between estuaries, which, in turn, reflected differences in such factors as estuary mouth status, macrophyte cover and salinity. For example, Favonigobius lateralis and Leptatherina presbyteroides, which are also represented by marine populations, were most abundant in the permanently-open estuary (Oyster Harbour), which, in terms of substrate and salinity, most closely resembled the nearshore marine environment. In contrast, Leptatherina wallacei made its greatest contribution in the only estuary to exhibit a protracted period of greatly reduced salinities, which is consistent with its distribution in permanently-open estuaries on the lower west coast of Australia, while Atherinosoma elongata and Pseudogobius olorum were particularly numerous in estuaries containing dense stands of the seagrass Ruppia megacarpa. Marine species made the greatest contribution to species richness in the permanently-open estuary and least in the normally-closed estuary. Species richness was greatest in summer and least in winter in each estuary, but differed markedly between years only in Wilson Inlet. Density of fishes was greatest in the most eutrophic estuary (Wellstead Estuary) and least in the most oligotrophic estuary (Broke Inlet) and only underwent marked seasonal variations in Wilson Inlet and Wellstead Estuary, in which densities fell to their minima in winter. Ichthyofaunal composition varied between years in the Broke and Wilson inlets and Wellstead Estuary, in which there was little or no connection with the ocean in one of those years. Species composition underwent progressive seasonal changes throughout the year in Wellstead Estuary, due to the abundance of certain species peaking at different times of the year.  相似文献   

样线法在北方基岩性海岛植被调查中的应用效果评价 ——以北长山岛为例          下载免费PDF全文

孙昕雨  张丽婷  张莹  刘祥宇  孙嘉蔚  宋帅 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(9):62-68

植被是海岛生态系统的重要组成部分。由于海岛陆地环境与大陆的差异性,现有的陆域植被调查方法不能完全适用于海岛植被。亟须结合现有成熟的陆地植被调查方法,选取不同类型的海岛,对调查方法中的关键环节进行实地测试,积累数据进行统计分析,以得到适用于海岛特殊地理环境海岛植被调查技术方法。文章针对植被调查中的样线法,以北长山岛两种不同面积的调查区域为例,对比分析不同样线设置方法,明确在该岛屿何种坡向、坡位,何种类型植物群落中设置样线,以及设置多长的样线才能够较为完整地代表该调查区域的植物物种丰富度,同时降低大量的调查时间,最终确定最优的海岛样线设置原则,为海岛植被群落调查中样线的有效选择提供科学依据。  相似文献   

藻的物种丰富度对生物量及比生长率的影响     

代飞飞  刘潇  孙萍  李瑞香  石晓勇  王宗灵 《海洋科学进展》2007,25(3):317-325

通过对13种藻不同组合后的集群进行室内一次性培养实验,探讨了浮游植物不同组合集群中物种丰富度及物种组成对其生物量及指数生长期比生长率的影响。实验结果表明,物种组成与物种丰富度均对集群生物量有一定的影响,其中物种组成的影响更大;且物种丰富度与生物量不具有线性相关性。随着物种丰富度增大,集群在指数生长期的比生长率有增加趋势。在本实验设定的营养盐条件下,营养盐水平高低对集群指数生长期的比生长率影响较小,但其对指数生长期的持续时间影响较大,进而对集群生物量产生影响。  相似文献   

粤东地区江蓠属Gracilaria(江蓠科,红藻门)的形态分类学   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

丁兰平  谭华强  孙国栋  梁冰冰  黄冰心 《热带海洋学报》2014,33(4):33-39

在2011~2013年间对粤东地区进行了20余次野外大型海藻资源调查,采集了大量标本。利用形态特征,对部分标本进行了分类学研究。经鉴定,标本中包含江蓠属5个种及变种,即芋根江蓠Gracilaria blodgettii Harvey、异枝江蓠G.bailinae Chang et Xia、细基江蓠G.tenuistipitata Chang et Xia、细基江蓠繁枝变种G.tenuistipitata var.liui Zhang et Xia、长喙江蓠G.longirostris Zhang et Wang。它们的主要鉴定特征分别为:芋根江蓠的分枝基部明显缢缩;异枝江蓠的藻体暗绿色,初级分枝围绕主轴互生、偏生或叉分;细基江蓠的藻体主轴基部纤细,分枝简单;细基江蓠繁枝变种的藻体纤细,分枝繁多;长喙江蓠的囊果具有明显的长喙状突起。其中,芋根江蓠和异枝江蓠在粤东地区属首次报道,文章对其进行了较详细的介绍。该研究结果丰富了粤东江蓠属的物种多样性,为粤东地区江蓠属物种资源的保护和利用提供了分类学依据。  相似文献   

中国北方习见水母类的DNA 条形码分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

程方平  王敏晓  王彦涛  张芳  李超伦  孙松 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(3):451-459

本研究获得了中国北方近海习见水母类24个种共62条线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I(mtCOI)序列,结合GenBank中具DNA条形码关键词的mtCOI序列,共比较了水母类mtCOI片段207条,水母mtCOI种内遗传差异在0%-7.4%之间,均值为0.9%(SD=0.014),其中约93%的个体种内差异小于4%;近源种间遗传差异在5.4%(Sarsia)到44.9%(Lensia)之间,均值为25.1%(SD=0.118),97%以上的个体种间遗传差异大于10%。绝大多数(98.8%)水母种类种内遗传差异小于种间遗传差异,条形码间隙明显。本研究涉及的中国北方习见水母种内遗传差异均显著小于种间遗传差异,结果表明以mtCOI作为DNA条形码可以实现对中国北方习见水母种类鉴定。利用DNA条形码序列分析,梳理了中国近海一些常见水母的分类地位。此外,对4种保存液保存方法的比较研究表明,90%乙醇、DMSO、RNA Safer和DNA Conserver4种保存液无法同时保存形态学特征和DNA序列,但DNA Conserver的效果相对较好。  相似文献   

PALEONTOLOGY     

《Abstract of Chinese Geological Literature》2014,(2)

正20140961 Zhang Linna(Graduate University,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China);Fan Junxuan The Applications of Species Distribution Models in Palaeontology(Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,ISSN0001-6616,CN32-1188/Q,52(2),2013,p.146-160,7  相似文献   

Impact of litter quality and soil nutrient availability on leaf decomposition rate in a semi-arid grassland of Northeast China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Lu-Jun Li  De-Hui Zeng  Zhan-Yuan YuZhi-Ping Fan  Dan YangYun-Xia Liu 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(9):787-792

It was hypothesized that litter with higher N concentration would decompose faster than that with lower N concentration and that increased soil nutrient availability would stimulate litter decomposition. To examine the interspecific differences in decomposition rate of leaf litter in relation with differences in litter chemistry and soil nutrient availability, senescent leaves of four species Pennisetum flaccidum, Artemisia scoparia, Chenopodium acuminatum and Cannabis sativa, and soil samples with different fertilization treatments (no fertilization, N, P, and N + P fertilizations, respectively) were collected from a sandy grassland in Northeast China and incubated under laboratory conditions. The decomposition rate of leaf litter was determined by measuring the CO₂ emission during decomposition of litter. We found remarkable interspecific differences in leaf decomposition rates. Moreover, rates of litter decomposition at different incubation stages were correlated with different litter quality indices. The rate of litter decomposition was positively correlated with initial litter N concentration in the initial stage of the incubation, whereas it was negatively correlated with litter N and P concentrations in the late stage. Responses of litter decomposition to soil nutrient availability differed among species. Our results suggest that both indirect changes in litter quality through shifts of species composition/dominance and direct changes in soil nutrient availability under nutrient addition conditions could affect litter decomposition and consequently C and nutrient cycling of grassland ecosystems.  相似文献