煤层定向水平分支井预测方法研究     

张传凤 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(3):26-31

借鉴石油系统地质导向工作方法,提出煤层中水平段钻进确定煤层倾角的三维空间计算方法,以及如何指导进入着陆点后调整孔斜角的原则。根据不同地层产状下钻头钻进和钻出煤层的姿态,总结出在钻进过程中因煤层产状变化引起的8种不同脱靶(入靶)模式,并推导出三维空间内8种模式下真实煤层视倾角的计算方法。采用半定量的方法给出脱靶后调整钻孔轨迹的方法以及孔斜调整区间。通过钻探实例验证该预测算法能够指导减少脱靶,提高煤层钻遇率和钻井效率。  相似文献   

宿南矿区不同时期塌陷塘水环境质量评价     

夏玉婷  桂和荣  李俊 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(3):45-52

以宿南矿区不同时期形成的采煤塌陷塘(芦岭塘、朱仙庄#1塘和#2塘)为研究对象,于2017年先后采集夏季和冬季水样,运用piper三线图、相关性分析、改进模糊综合评价法等,对其水环境质量进行分析评价与比较,得到以下结论:①芦岭塘、朱仙庄#1塘夏、冬两季水化学类型均为HCO_3―Na·Mg型,朱仙庄#2塘为SO_4―Na·Mg·Ca型。②三个塌陷塘水的TDS、pH、EC变化趋势为朱仙庄#1塘>朱仙庄#2塘>芦岭塘,其季节变化趋势均为夏季>冬季; ORP变化趋势为朱仙庄#2塘>芦岭塘>朱仙庄#1塘,其季节性变化趋势为冬季>夏季。③改进的模糊综合评价结果表明,三个塌陷塘夏季水质较差,主要受人为污染影响;冬季芦岭塘、朱仙庄#1塘水质良好,受污染小;朱仙庄#2塘冬季水质与夏季相近,均较差,主要受投加鱼食料的影响。  相似文献   

川南煤田龙潭组煤系泥页岩气与煤层气组合模式及合采前景分析     

尹中山  蒋琦  熊建龙  罗勇  琚宜文 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(5):30-35

文中研究的上二叠统龙潭组煤层及其顶底板泥页岩含气性特征、组合模式及合采对煤系气勘探开发意义重大。为改变煤层气产业低产低效长周期的现状,实现综合效益的目标,将龙潭组作为目标层进行研究;简述了川南煤田龙潭组含气泥页岩与煤层的组合模式,并初步探讨了上述组合模式合探合采的必要性、条件和前景,并提出了开展综合勘探开采的建议。  相似文献   

采煤对山西地下水资源的破坏及污染     

李振拴  王晋伟 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(5):42-44,59

山西煤炭资源储量大、分布广、品种全、质量优,开采技术条件简单,开采历史悠久。但山西地处黄土高原,水资源贫乏。采煤对地表及地下水的破坏不仅在数量上,更为严重的是对地下水的污染是永久的,无法治理及不可恢复的,需引起高度重视。  相似文献   

Detecting regional dominant movement patterns in trajectory data with a convolutional neural network     

Can Yang  Győző Gidófalvi 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(5):996-1021

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Pedestrian network generation based on crowdsourced tracking data     

Xue Yang  Chang Ren  Yang Chen  Zhong Xie  Qingquan Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(5):1051-1074

ABSTRACT

Pedestrian networks play an important role in various applications, such as pedestrian navigation services and mobility modeling. This paper presents a novel method to extract pedestrian networks from crowdsourced tracking data based on a two-layer framework. This framework includes a walking pattern classification layer and a pedestrian network generation layer. In the first layer, we propose a multi-scale fractal dimension (MFD) algorithm in order to recognize the two different types of walking patterns: walking with a clear destination (WCD) or walking without a clear destination (WOCD). In the second layer, we generate the pedestrian network by combining the pedestrian regions and pedestrian paths. The pedestrian regions are extracted based on a modified connected component analysis (CCA) algorithm from the WOCD traces. We generate the pedestrian paths using a kernel density estimation (KDE)-based point clustering algorithm from the WCD traces. The pedestrian network generation results using two actual crowdsourced datasets show that the proposed method has good performance in both geometrical correctness and topological correctness.  相似文献   

传统聚落景观基因的地理信息特征及其理解     

胡最 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(5):1083-1094

传统聚落是民族传统文化遗产的重要组成部分,对社会经济和文化建设具有重要的价值。针对现有研究缺乏探讨传统聚落景观基因（简称景观基因）蕴藏的地理信息特征及理解方法,论文从以下方面开展了深入分析：① 地理信息包含了语义描述、几何形态、属性特征、维度、时空框架、尺度、要素相互关系（空间关联）、演化过程（存在状态）等属性;② 景观基因是一种特殊的文化因子,蕴含着丰富的哲理,是认识传统聚落特征的分析方法,也是文化符号的集合;③ 景观基因包含了空间定位、载体特征、历史与文化特征等丰富的地理信息。根据前述分析结果,论文从符号化、数据挖掘、谱系分析与空间格局制图等途径系统地探讨了景观基因地理信息特征的理解方法。论文认为：在地理时空大数据与地理服务日益深化发展的背景下,结合GIS原理探讨景观基因的地理信息特征对于延伸地理信息科学的内涵,深化传统聚落的地学认识,促进人文GIS的发展具有积极的意义,今后应该继续加强相关方法探索。  相似文献   

Effects of rainfall intensity and compaction on water transport from opencast coal mine soils: An experimental study     

Fengjiao Wang  Jinman Wang 《水文研究》2020,34(2):258-269

The use of heavy machinery during opencast coal mining can result in soil compaction. Severe soil compaction has a negative impact on the transport of water and gas in the soil. In addition, rainfall intensity has traditionally been related to soil surface sealing affecting water transport. To assess the effects of rainfall intensity and compaction on water infiltration and surface runoff in an opencast coal mining area, the disturbed soils from the Antaibao opencast mine in Shanxi Province, China, were collected. Four soil columns with different bulk densities (i.e., 1.4 g cm^-3, 1.5 g cm^-3, 1.6 g cm^-3, and 1.7 g cm^-3) were designed, and each column received water five times at rainfall intensities of 23.12, 28.91, 38.54, 57.81, and 115.62 mm hr^-1. The total volume of runoff, the time to start runoff, and the volumetric water contents at the depths of 5 cm, 15 cm, 25 cm, 35 cm, 45 cm, 55 cm, and 65 cm were measured. Under the same soil bulk density, high rainfall intensity reduced infiltration, increased surface runoff, and decreased the magnitude of change in the volumetric water contents at different depths. Under the same rainfall intensity, the soil column with a high bulk density showed relatively low water infiltration. Treatments 3 (1.6 g cm^-3) and 4 (1.7 g cm^-3) had very small changes in volumetric water contents of the profiles even under a lower rainfall intensity. Severe soil compaction was highly prone to surface runoff after rainfall. Engineering and revegetation measures are available to improve compacted soil quality in dumps. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the management of land reclamation in opencast coal mine areas.  相似文献   

A method for evaluating the longitudinal functional connectivity of a river–lake–marsh system and its application in China     

Yeling Liu  Baoshan Cui  Jizeng Du  Qing Wang  Shuling Yu  Wei Yang 《水文研究》2020,34(26):5278-5297

The longitudinal functional connectivity of a river–lake–marsh system (RLMS) refers to the actual water-mediated transport of material from upstream to downstream areas along a spatial gradient and is fundamental to understand hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. However, due to a lack of consensus on appropriate data and methods, the quantification of connectivity is still a challenge, especially at the catchment scale. We developed a new method to evaluate longitudinal functional connectivity based on fluxes of materials (water, sediment, and chemicals) along a RLMS. The calculation of fluxes is based on the longitudinal pattern of terrain gradient, which influences transport efficiency, and on contributions from hillslopes, which set the initial spatial template of material loading to the RLMS. We evaluate the contributions from hillslopes to RLMS based on a new modified version of the index of sediment connectivity (IC) proposed by Borselli et al. (2008) and revised by Chartin et al. (2017).We applied this method to the Baiyangdian Basin covering an area of 3.4 × 10⁴ km² in China and quantified longitudinal functional connectivity during normal, wet, and dry periods(April, July and December) in year 2016. We found that areas with good structural connectivity exhibited poor functional connectivity during the normal and dry periods. Modelling testing with discharge data from hydrological stations and measured chemicals from Baiyangdian Lake was satisfactory in test periods. We conclude that public data and Digital Elevation Model-derived information can be used to reliably map the longitudinal functional connectivity of RLMSs. The proposed method provides a useful tool for monitoring and restoring the longitudinal functional connectivity of RLMSs and our results indicate that efforts aimed at restoring functional connectivity in RLMSs should take into account landscape patterns that can greatly influence fluxes in the watershed.  相似文献   

Temporal variation of suspended sediment transport in the Koga catchment,North Western Ethiopia and environmental implications          下载免费PDF全文

Eleni Yeshaneh  Alexander Eder  Günter Blöschl 《水文研究》2014,28(24):5972-5984

Event sediment transport and yield were studied for 45 events in the upstream part of the 260 km² agricultural Koga catchment that drains to an irrigation reservoir. Discharge and turbidity data were collected over a period of more than a year, accompanied by grab sampling. Turbidity was very well correlated with the sediment concentrations from the samples (r = 0.99), which allowed us to estimate the temporal patterns of sediment concentrations within events. The hysteresis patterns between discharge and sediment concentrations were analysed to provide insight into the different sediment sources. Anticlockwise patterns are the dominant hysteresis patterns in the area, suggesting smaller contributions of suspended sediment from the river channels than from the hillslopes and agricultural areas. Complicated types of hysteresis patterns were mostly observed for long events with multiple peaks. For a given discharge, sediment yields in August and September, when the catchment was almost completely covered with vegetation, were much smaller than during the rest of the rainy season. The hysteresis patterns and timing suggest that the sediment availability from the agricultural areas and hillslopes affects sediment yields more strongly than does peak discharge. Two distinct types of sediment rating curves were observed for the season when the agricultural land was covered with vegetation and when it was not, indicating the dominating contribution of land use/cover to sediment yields in the catchment. The rate of suspended sediment transport in the area was estimated as 25.6 t year^?1 ha^?1. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献