乐都气氡短期异常特征     

李延京  严永祥 《高原地震》2005,17(3):59-62

对青海省乐都台的气氡测项用“十五”攻关方法进行震例分析研究,总结出了乐都台气氡短期异常特征及预报指标,同时计算出了该台气氡测项的短期预报效能评分。乐都气氡具有一定的短期地震预报信度。  相似文献   

海上E区天然气水合物地质、地震、地球化学特征综合研究与成藏远景预测   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

孙春岩  牛滨华  文鹏飞  黄永样  王宏语  黄新武  李佳 《地球物理学报》2004,47(6):1076-1085

本文提出一种将地质、地震、地球化学分析相结合的方法,以研究海区天然气水合物的成藏条件,首先用物源、构造、沉积和地温等资料进行地质分析,确定海区天然气水合物成藏的地质条件;然后根据对水合物的地震属性（BSR,AVO,BZ等）分析和正演模拟研究,预测水合物及其游离气的存在,结合地质条件,圈定出水合物成藏的有利区带;最后结合对水合物主要成分（甲烷及烃类等）的地球化学异常分析,对研究区天然气水合物成藏的远景作出评价．野外实践结果表明,这种综合研究方法是有效可行的,为海区天然气水合物勘探提供了一种新的研究途径．  相似文献   

矿山地震监测技术的进展及最新成果   总被引：26，自引：6，他引：20  

李世愚  和雪松  张少泉  陆其鹄  蒋秀琴  佟晓辉  李铁  管恩福  左艳  孙学会  李国基 《地球物理学进展》2004,19(4):853-859

回顾了矿山地震监测的简史,介绍了近期矿震监测技术改造情况．抚顺小孔径矿山地震台网的监测取得了比较完整的观测资料．矿震定位结果表明了矿震与开采进程的相关性．用岩石断裂力学和损伤理论的研究成果对于两类不同矿震的成因给出了最新解释．观测资料证实了矿震与瓦斯溢出的相关性．这些结果表明．在一定条件下．矿震可能成为瓦斯溢出的预警信号．由此证明,实现矿震与瓦斯浓度的联合监测是重要的,也是可行的．矿山地质灾害的综合地球物理监测对于地震成因的研究具有重要的中尺度实验意义,同时对于煤矿安全生产也将带来重要效益．  相似文献   

Large-scale depositional characteristics of the Ulleung Basin and its impact on electrical resistivity and Archie-parameters for gas hydrate saturation estimates     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2013

Gas hydrate saturation estimates were obtained from an Archie-analysis of the Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) electrical resistivity logs under consideration of the regional geological framework of sediment deposition in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, of Korea. Porosity was determined from the LWD bulk density log and core-derived values of grain density. In situ measurements of pore-fluid salinity as well as formation temperature define a background trend for pore-fluid resistivity at each drill site. The LWD data were used to define sets of empirical Archie-constants for different depth-intervals of the logged borehole at all sites drilled during the second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2). A clustering of data with distinctly different trend-lines is evident in the cross-plot of porosity and formation factor for all sites drilled during UBGH2. The reason for the clustering is related to the difference between hemipelagic sediments (mostly covering the top ∼100 mbsf) and mass-transport deposits (MTD) and/or the occurrence of biogenic opal. For sites located in the north-eastern portion of the Ulleung Basin a set of individual Archie-parameters for a shallow depth interval (hemipelagic) and a deeper MTD zone was achieved. The deeper zone shows typically higher resistivities for the same range of porosities seen in the upper zone, reflecting a shift in sediment properties. The presence of large amounts of biogenic opal (up to and often over 50% as defined by XRD data) was especially observed at Sites UBGH2-2_1 and UBGH2-2_2 (as well as UBGH1-9 from a previous drilling expedition in 2007). The boundary between these two zones can also easily be identified in gamma-ray logs, which also show unusually low readings in the opal-rich interval. Only by incorporating different Archie-parameters for the different zones a reasonable estimate of gas hydrate saturation was achieved that also matches results from other techniques such as pore-fluid freshening, velocity-based calculations, and pressure-core degassing experiments. Seismically, individual boundaries between zones were determined using a grid of regional 2D seismic data. Zoning from the Archie-analysis for sites in the south-western portion of the Ulleung Basin was also observed, but at these sites it is linked to individually stacked MTDs only and does not reflect a mineralogical occurrence of biogenic opal or hemipelagic sedimentation. The individual MTD events represent differently compacted material often associated with a strong decrease in porosity (and increase in density), warranting a separate set of empirical Archie-parameters.  相似文献   

海洋细菌脂肪酸的气相色谱分析     

徐敏  王静  柴子涵  牟海津 《海洋科学》2013,37(2):76-83

以副溶血性弧菌VP-X-3为试验对象,利用气相色谱技术分析了其细胞脂肪酸的组成和含量,以色谱峰的数量、色谱峰高及脂肪酸含量作为评价指标,探讨了不同的皂化和甲酯化条件对细菌细胞脂肪酸测定结果的影响。结果表明:皂化和甲酯化条件都对细胞脂肪酸的组成和含量产生一定的影响。较低温度皂化处理利于增加色谱峰数量和色谱峰高。甲酯化温度过高容易破坏脂肪酸,尤其是长链脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的结构。高温甲酯化条件下,时间越长,甲酯化效果越差。试验得到较为理想的气相色谱前处理条件:2 mol/L NaOH-甲醇溶液2 mL,70℃水浴10 min;10%(V/V)H2SO4-甲醇溶液2 mL,70℃水浴15 min。此条件下的色谱峰的数量多达29种,色谱峰高明显高于其他处理条件下的峰高。  相似文献   

南海北部海底沉积物在温度变化下的三种声速类型          下载免费PDF全文

邹大鹏  卢博  阎贫  吴百海 《地球物理学报》2012,55(3):1017-1024

研究南海北部海底沉积物温度变化状态下声速性质,得出以下结论:(1) 南海北部海底沉积物具有声速温度正增长(STPIK)、声速温度负增长(STNIK)和声速温度波动(STWK)三种类型,后两种类型在世界其他范围内海域未见报道.(2) 声速温度正增长类型和声速温度负增长类型沉积物的温度变化对声速影响都具有十分显著的线性关系,但是原状样品由于组成不均匀性,增大了声速的非线性变化.(3)南海北部海底沉积物的孔隙度、密度等主要物理参数差异不明显,难以直接解释三类样品的温度-声速性质的不同.(4)对于STPIK类型沉积物,理论分析与实验结果的统一性,可以运用海底沉积物与海水声速比进行校正不同温度状态下的海底沉积物的声速.(5)对于STNIK和STWK类型沉积物,需要深入研究,从理论和实验角度揭开其机理和成因.海底沉积物声速-温度特性研究将为提高南海北部海域天然气水合物声学探测精度和准确度提供声速性质依据.  相似文献   

元坝长兴组超深层生物礁大气田优质储层发育机理     

郭旭升  胡东风  黄仁春  段金宝  季春辉 《岩石学报》2017,33(4):1107-1114

通过系统开展元坝气田长兴组超深层生物礁储层岩石学与岩石地球化学分析,结合碳酸盐岩溶蚀动力学模拟实验,以及储层古压力恢复,揭示了元坝超深层生物礁优质储层的发育保存机理。研究表明,早期暴露溶蚀、浅埋藏白云岩化是基质孔隙发育的基础,储层深埋引起的古油藏原油裂解导致的超压水力破裂缝的形成,是储层渗透性改善的关键,"孔-缝耦合"共同控制了超深层优质储层的发育。在此基础上,构建了生物礁非均质"孔-缝双元结构"储层模型,为生物礁储层预测奠定了理论基础。  相似文献   

Application of the Response Surface Method for Optimization of Headspace Liquid Phase Microextraction of Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water     

Aide Sun  Wei Chen  Tao Lin  Qingcai Xu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(4):353-360

An optimized analysis method based on headspace liquid phase microextraction (HS‐LPME) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was proposed for the determination of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water. The response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction of THMs for analysis by HS‐LPME. The temperature, extraction time and NaCl concentration were found to be important extraction parameters. The coefficient of determination (R²) for the model was 94.97%. A high probability value (P < 0.0001) for the regression indicated that the model had a high level of significance. The optimum conditions were seen to be: temperature 42.0°C, NaCl concentration 0.30 g/mL, and extraction time 28 min. The response variable was the summation of the THMs chromatography peak areas and the reproducibility of this was investigated in five replicate experiments under the optimized conditions. The relative standard deviations (RSD%) of the THMs ranged from 8.0–11.6%. The limits of detection (LODs), based on a signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) of three ranged from 0.42–0.78 μg/L, and were lower than the maximum limits for THMs in drinking water established by the WHO.  相似文献   

苏里格气田北部下石盒子组盒8段沉积微相研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

陈兆荣  侯明才  董桂玉  谭万仓 《沉积与特提斯地质》2009,29(2):39-47

通过对苏里格气田北部20余口钻井岩心的岩石学特征、沉积构造、剖面结构的详细研究,结合测井相标志和古生物标志,认为苏里格气田北部盒8段属辫状河沉积,发育河道和洪泛平原两个业相。河道亚相可进一步划分为河床底部滞留沉积和心滩两个微相,往往组成向上变细的剖面结构,测井曲线一般为中-高幅的齿化或微齿化的箱形或钟形;洪泛平原亚相在剖面结构上表现为砂泥岩的不等厚互层,测井曲线多呈锯齿状。在微相分析的基础上,编制了盒8上和盒8下两个时期的沉积微相平面图,其显示出河道心滩砂体呈南北向展布的规律。根据沉积相的时空展布规律,建立了本区盒8段的沉积相模式。  相似文献   

The Effects of Environmental Conditions on Concentration and Emission of Ammonia in Chicken Farms during Summer Season     

Ercan Simsek  Ilker Kilic  Erkan Yaslioglu  Ismet Arici 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(10):955-962

This paper presents a field study conducted in northwest Turkey and characterizes the NH₃ concentration and emission measured in summer season from three chicken farms. The influence of environmental conditions on NH₃ concentration and emission was also investigated in this study. Ammonia concentration, temperature, relative humidity and airflow rate were continuously recorded for four sequential days. The environmental conditions were measured using a multifunction temperature and humidity‐meter with a hot wire probe. Portable multiple gas detectors with electro‐chemical sensors were used to measure NH₃ concentration. The NH₃ emission rates for houses were calculated by multiplying simultaneously measured NH₃ concentrations and air flow rates. The average daily mean (ADM) house concentrations of house 1 (H1), house 2 (H2), and house 3 (H3) were measured as 4.43, 3.71, and 6.20 ppm, respectively. NH₃ concentration was inversely proportional to temperature (r = ?0.279), relative humidity (r = ?0.063) and airflow rate (r = ?0.554) for all monitored houses. The ADM house NH₃ emission was 135 g/(h house) for H1, 255 g/(h house) for H2, and 117 g/(h house) for H3. The combined average emission rate in this study (0.26 g/(d bird)) was lower than the emission rate measured in chicken farms in the USA. However, our results were comparable to rates calculated in European studies because house design, ventilation system and bird diet applied in Turkish chicken farms are very similar to those employed in European countries. The NH₃ emissions were significantly correlated to NH₃ concentrations (r = 0.45, p ≤ 0.001) and airflow rates (r = 0.97, p ≤ 0.001). A clear diurnal pattern was obtained for NH₃ concentrations rather than NH₃ emissions at the end of the study.  相似文献