全球纬向平均的海气耦合一维模式分析     

唐佑民 《成都信息工程学院学报》1991,(1)

本文从能量平衡角度,考虑海气相互作用和纬向间的差异,设计了一个纬向平均的海气耦合一维模式,进行了模式平衡态求解、敏感性试验以及随机分析。并对模式部分计算结果进行了与实测资料的比较,验证了模式的合理性和可信性。  相似文献   

Air–sea interaction over ocean fronts and eddies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R.J. Small  S.P. deSzoeke  S.P. Xie  L. O&#x;Neill  H. Seo  Q. Song  P. Cornillon  M. Spall  S. Minobe 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2008,45(3-4):274

Air–sea interaction at ocean fronts and eddies exhibits positive correlation between sea surface temperature (SST), wind speed, and heat fluxes out of the ocean, indicating that the ocean is forcing the atmosphere. This contrasts with larger scale climate modes where the negative correlations suggest that the atmosphere is driving the system. This paper examines the physical processes that lie behind the interaction of sharp SST gradients and the overlying marine atmospheric boundary layer and deeper atmosphere, using high resolution satellite data, field data and numerical models. The importance of different physical mechanisms of atmospheric response to SST gradients, such as the effect of surface stability variations on momentum transfer, pressure gradients, secondary circulations and cloud cover will be assessed. The atmospheric response is known to create small-scale wind stress curl and divergence anomalies, and a discussion of the feedback of these features onto the ocean will also be presented. These processes will be compared and contrasted for different regions such as the Equatorial Front in the Eastern Pacific, and oceanic fronts in mid-latitudes such as the Gulf Stream, Kuroshio, and Agulhas Return Current.  相似文献   

Hindsight and Foresight     

N. E. Busch  L. Kristensen 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2002,105(3):369-388

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简单的热带海气耦合波——Rossby和Kelvin波的相互作用   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

巢纪平  王彰贵 《气象学报》1993,51(3):257-265

本文分析了当大气和海洋中未经耦合前的自由波分别为Kelvin波和Rossby波,经相互作用后所产生的耦合波的性质。结果表明,不管大气的自由波为Kelvin波或Rossby波,而海洋的自由波为Rossby波或Kelvin波,经相互作用后的耦合波可以分成两类。一类耦合波的色散关系接近自由的Kelvin波;另一类则由不同经圈模的Rossby波经相互作用后的耦合波。这两类波都具有不稳定性。文中讨论了耦合波的传播和不稳定的物理机制,并指出这类不稳定的热带耦合波,对研究ENSO事件中的某些现象有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

国外海气耦合模式及其季、年际预报的研究现状     

汤绪 《应用气象学报》1993,4(2):237-243

通过对国外各类海气耦合模式及其预报试验的综合分析，从海气耦合模式的分类、模式气候漂移和ENSO年际变化的处理、模式分辨率、耦合方式和模式参数的变化对模式年际变化的影响、ENSO年际预报与预报起始时间和资料的关系、ENSO和季风的海陆气耦合系统等方面评述了影响季和年际数值预报水平的有关问题及发展现状，并对开展我国相应试验研究工作提出了看法。  相似文献   

海气耦合气侯模式的依时解          下载免费PDF全文

封国林  曹鸿兴 《应用气象学报》1996,7(2)

运用量子力学方法，精确地求出了海气耦合随机－动力模式的依时解．对依时解的分析表明：当气候系统处于基态时，系统的行为呈布朗运动形式，由此从理论上证明了Ｈａｓｓｅｌｍａｎｎ关于随机气候模式建立的立足点．当系统处于第一激发态时，系统运动呈随时间衰减的形式；在一定条件下则为周期振荡，主周期长度为２．３年．最后将结果用来讨论二氧化碳浓度倍增时的气候影响．  相似文献   

Air-sea interaction over the tropical Indian Ocean during several contrasting monsoon seasons     

M. R. Ramesh Kumar  J. S. Sastry 《Journal of Earth System Science》1990,99(3):393-404

Monthly mean anomaly fields of various parameters like sea surface temperature, air temperature, wind stress, effective radiation at the surface, heat gain over the ocean and the total heat loss between a good and bad monsoon composite and the evaporation rates over the Arabian Sea and southern hemisphere have been studied over the tropical Indian Ocean. The mean rates of evaporation on a seasonal scale over the Arabian Sea during a good and bad monsoon composites were equal (about 2·48 × 10¹⁰ tons/day). The evaporation rates over the southern hemisphere were greater during all the months. The mean evaporation rates over the southern hemisphere on a seasonal scale for the good and bad monsoon composites were 4·4 × 10¹⁰ and 4·6 × 10¹⁰ tons/day respectively. The maximum evaporation rates over the southern hemisphere were observed in August. The anomalies of wind stress, effective radiation at the surface and the heat gain over the ocean also exhibit large variations in August, as compared to other monsoon months.  相似文献   

全球海气耦合模式中热盐环流对大气强迫的响应   总被引：16，自引：4，他引：16  

周天军 《气象学报》2003,61(2):164-179

大气环流与热盐环流 (THC)变化之间的因果关系 ,是海气相互作用研究领域的一个悬而未决的问题。作者利用一个全球海气耦合模式 -挪威卑尔根气候模式 (BCM)的 3 0 0a积分结果 ,讨论了冬季北大西洋涛动 (NAO)对海洋的强迫与热盐环流的年际调整之间的关系。结果发现 ,在NAO活动的正位相 ,伴随着中纬度西风带的加强 ,北大西洋拉布拉多海热通量损失剧增 ,同时海表盐度出现正距平 ,二者的共同作用 ,令表层海水变沉、密度增大 ,海洋层结出现不稳定 ,导致深对流发生。在NAO活动达到最强劲状态之后 3个月 ,拉布拉多海对流也达到最深。北大西洋热盐环流强度变化对拉布拉多海对流活动的响应 ,要滞后 3a左右。而在年际尺度上 ,大西洋的极向热输送变化和热盐环流的变化则基本是同步的。对流活动对大气存在明显的反馈作用。在对流活动深度达到最大之后 1～4个月 ,对流热释放令拉布拉多海表层气温明显升高  相似文献   

Measured And Simulated Latent And Sensible Heat Fluxes At Two Marine Sites In The Baltic Sea     

Anna Rutgersson  Ann-Sofi Smedman  Anders Omstedt 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2001,99(1):53-84

In this study, turbulent heat flux data from two sites within the Baltic Sea are compared with estimates from two models. The main focus is on the latent heat flux. The measuring sites are located on small islands close to the islands of Bornholm and Gotland. Both sites have a wide wind direction sector with undisturbed over-water fetch. Mean parameters and direct fluxes were measured on masts during May to December 1998.The two models used in this study are the regional-scale atmospheric model HIRLAM and the ocean model PROBE-Baltic. It is shown that both models overestimate the sensible and latent heat fluxes. The overestimation can, to a large extent, be explained by errors in the air-water temperature and humidity differences. From comparing observed and modelled data, the estimated 8-month mean errors in temperature and humidity are up to 1 °C and 1 g kg^-1, respectively. The mean errors in the sensible and latent heat fluxes for the same period are approximately 15 and 30 W m^-2, respectively.Bulk transfer coefficients used for calculating heat and humidity fluxes at the surface were shown to agree rather well with the measurements, at least for the unstable data. For stable stratification, the scatter in data is generally large, and it appears that the bulk formulation chosen overestimates turbulent heat fluxes.  相似文献   

简单热带海气耦合模型中的缓慢扰动Ⅰ:对称和反对称于赤道的运动     

林一骅  傅云飞 《气象学报》2001,59(1):1-9

文中讨论了在局地热平衡情况下简单模式中的热带海气耦合扰动，指出参数K  相似文献