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11.
K. P. Sooraj Daehyun Kim Jong-Seong Kug Sang-Wook Yeh Fei-Fei Jin In-Sik Kang 《Climate Dynamics》2009,33(4):495-507
Recently, there is increasing evidence on the interaction of atmospheric high-frequency (HF) variability with climatic low-frequency
(LF) variability. In this study, we examine this relationship of HF variability with large scale circulation using idealized
experiments with an aqua-planet Atmospheric GCM (with zonally uniform SST), run in different zonal momentum forcing scenarios.
The effect of large scale circulation changes to the HF variability is demonstrated here. The HF atmospheric variability is
enhanced over the westerly forced region, through easterly vertical shear. Our study also manifests that apart from the vertical
wind shear, strong low-level convergence and horizontal zonal wind shear are also important for enhancing the HF variance.
This is clearly seen in the eastern part of the forcing, where the HF activity shows relatively maximum increase, in spite
of similar vertical shear over the forced regions. The possible implications for multi-scale interaction (e.g. MJO–ENSO interaction)
are also discussed. 相似文献
12.
大气季节内振荡对印度洋—西太平洋地区热带低压/气旋生成的影响 总被引：24，自引：4，他引：24
文中利用EOF分析大气季节内振荡 (MJO)的时空变化的方法 ,研究了 1996年 9月～ 1997年 6月间的MJO活动对生成在印度洋—西太平洋海域的热带低压 /气旋的影响。结果发现 ,除西北太平洋之外 ,发生在其他区域的热带低压 /气旋有半数以上生成在向东移动的MJO的湿位相中。伴随MJO的向东传播 ,热带低压 /气旋平均生成位置也随之向东移动 ,而生成在西北太平洋的热带低压 /气旋分别受到向东和向西传播的MJO影响 相似文献
13.
This paper investigates the contrasts between strong and weak Madden-Julian
Oscillation (MJO) activity over the equatorial western Pacific during winter using the NCEP
reanalysis data. It is shown that the MJO over the equatorial western Pacific in winter shows
significant interannual and interdecadal variabilities. During the winters with strong MJO
activity, an anomalous cyclonic circulation lies east of the Philippines, strong anomalous
easterlies control the equatorial eastern Pacific, and anomalous westerlies extend from the
Indian Ocean to the western Pacific in the lower troposphere, which strengthens the
convergence and convection over the equatorial western Pacific. The moisture convergence in
the lower troposphere is also enhanced over the western Pacific, which is favorable to the
activity of MJO. Eastward propagation is a significant feature of the MJO, though there is
some westward propagation. The space-time spectral power and center period of the MJO are
higher during strong MJO activity winters. The anomalous activity of MJO is closely related to
the sea surface temperature (SST) and East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). During strong MJO
activity winters, there are positive/negative anomalies at high/low latitudes in both sea
level pressure and 500 hPa geopotential height, and the temperature is lower over the central
part of the Chinese mainland, which indicates a strong EAWM. China experiences more rainfall
between the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, but less rainfall south of the Yangtze River. The SSTA
is negative near the Taiwan Island due to the impact of strong EAWM and shows a La Ni?a
pattern anomaly over the eastern Pacific. During the weak MJO activity winters, the situation
is reversed. 相似文献
14.
By analyzing observational data, previous studies have indicated that the tropical Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is active during the boreal winter but relatively weak during the boreal summer. However, the factors that control seasonal MJO variation are not clear. To quantitatively understand the relative contributions of the occurrence frequency of enhanced MJO events and their averaged strength and lifespan to seasonal MJO amplitude, we defined the MJO events of 1979–2014 and analyzed their features in different seasons by using the Real-time Multivariate MJO (RMM) index and the newly proposed RMM-r index. The results indicate that the MJO events show a higher frequency of occurrence, a stronger intensity and a longer duration during the boreal winter (Dec.–Feb.) and spring (Mar.–May). However, the frequency, strength and lifespan of MJO events are all reduced during the boreal summer (Jun.–Aug.) and autumn (Sep.–Nov.). The enhanced MJO events in winter–spring also show a large ratio of variance for eastward to westward components. To elucidate how large-scale background fields affect seasonal MJO variation, a series of sensitivity experiments was conducted by using a 2.5-layer model that can simulate MJO-like features. It is found that the variation in low-level moisture (vertical wind shear) is the key large-scale factor affecting the seasonal variation in MJO strength (in propagation). In comparison with the summer–autumn seasons when the MJO is relatively weakened, the relatively abundant low-level moisture near the equator during boreal winter–spring may strengthen the development of MJO convection and circulation, whereas the relatively weak easterly shear (or the westerly shear anomaly) is conducive to the enhancement of an eastward-propagating MJO component. 相似文献
15.
Chinese Contribution to CMIP5：An Overview of Five Chinese Models’Performances 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4 
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下载免费PDF全文 ZHOU Tianjun CHEN Xiaolong DONG Lu WU Bo MAN Wenmin ZHANG Lixi LIN Renping YAO Junchen SONG Fengfei ZHAO Chongbo 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(4):481-509
An overview of Chinese contribution to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-Phase 5 （CMIP5） is presented. The performances of five Chinese Climate/Earth System Models that participated in the CMIP5 pro ject are assessed in the context of climate mean states, seasonal cycle, intraseasonal oscillation, interan-nual variability, interdecadal variability, global monsoon, Asian-Australian monsoon, 20th-century historical climate simulation, climate change pro jection, and climate sensitivity. Both the strengths and weaknesses of the models are evaluated. The models generally show reasonable performances in simulating sea surface tem-perature （SST） mean state, seasonal cycle, spatial patterns of Madden-Julian oscillation （MJO） amplitude and tropical cyclone Genesis Potential Index （GPI）, global monsoon precipitation pattern, El Ni-no-Southern Oscillation （ENSO）, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） related SST anomalies. However, the perfor-mances of the models in simulating the time periods, amplitude, and phase locking of ENSO, PDO time periods, GPI magnitude, MJO propagation, magnitude of SST seasonal cycle, northwestern Pacific mon-soon and North American monsoon domains, as well as the skill of large-scale Asian monsoon precipitation need to be improved. The model performances in simulating the time evolution and spatial pattern of the 20th-century global warming and the future change under representative concentration pathways pro jection are compared to the multimodel ensemble of CMIP5 models. The model discrepancies in terms of climate sensitivity are also discussed. 相似文献
16.
17.
POSSIBLE IMPACTS OF MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION ON THE SEVERE RAIN-SNOW WEATHER IN CHINA DURING NOVEMBER 2009 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Possible relationships between MJO and the severe rain-snow weather in Eastern China during November of 2009 are analyzed and results show that a strong MJO process is one of the strong impact factors.MJO is very active over the Indian Ocean in November 2009.Especially,it maintains 9 days in MJO phase 3,just corresponding to the two strongest rain-snow processes.Composites of MJO events show that when the MJO convective center is located over the Indian Ocean,the probability of rainfall is significantly increased and the temperature is lower than normal in eastern China,which is consistent with the situation in November of 2009.Atmospheric circulation anomalies of mid-and higher-latitudes can be influenced by the tropical MJO convection forcing and this influence could be realized by teleconnection.When the MJO is over the Indian Ocean,it is favorable for the maintenance of a circulation pattern of two ridges versus one trough at mid-and higher-latitudes.Meanwhile,the western Pacific subtropical high is stronger and more westward than normal,and a significant convective belt appears over eastern East Asia.All these circulation anomalies shown in the composite result also appeared in the observations in November 2009,which indicates the general features of relationships between the MJO and the circulation anomalies over the extratropics.Besides the zonal circulation anomalies,the MJO convection can also lead to meridional circulation anomalies.When the MJO convection is located over the Indian Ocean,the western Pacific is dominated by anomalous descending motion,and the eastern East Asia is controlled by strong convergence and ascending motion.Therefore,an anomalous meridional circulation is formed between the tropics and middle latitudes,enhancing the northward transportation of low-level moisture.It is potentially helpful to understanding and even forecasting such kind of rain-snow weather anomalies as that in November 2009 using MJO. 相似文献
18.
MJO不同活动中心位置对云南冬半年降水过程的影响 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
通过对热带对流季节内振荡（MJO）的研究和业务实践应用表明,利用对MJO传播过程来研究延伸期（10~30 d）天气已经成为一种新的、可行的手段。然而,在明确了MJO的活动位置条件下如何依据大气环流条件来把握云南冬季降水过程的延伸期预测,是预报实践中需要解决的重要问题。本文考虑云南冬半年在有北方冷空气南下入侵云南前提下, MJO活动位置（分为“干窗口”和“湿窗口”两种情况）及有无合适的水汽引导环流条件（分为“孟加拉湾一带90°E附近有南支槽系统”和“孟加拉湾至中南半岛西侧一带为反气旋环流”两种情况）主要有4种不同的配置类型,选取MJO影响下前3种不同配置类型的天气过程进行对比分析,期望能为云南冬半年延伸期天气预测过程中较好地把握过程降水及降水强度提供理论依据。分析表明： MJO活动中心进入孟加拉湾及西太平洋热带地区（本文称之为MJO“湿窗口”）以后将会充分激发这些地区的对流活动,MJO活动中心在孟加拉湾及西太平洋热带以外地区（本文称之为MJO“干窗口”）时不能充分激发云南上游热带地区的对流活动。在有北方南下冷空气影响云南的背景情况下,MJO在“湿窗口”时,要使云南出现大范围的降水天气过程必须还要有合适的环流条件（90°E附近南支槽前或西太平洋副热带高压西侧的偏南气流）引导热带地区的水汽进入云南;MJO在“干窗口”时,即便有合适的水汽输送与扰动环流条件,仍然不能造成云南大范围的降水天气过程。由于MJO在激发水汽方面的贡献非常明显,利用MJO的东传规律可以有效地进行云南冬半年降水的延伸期天气预测,并对中短期天气预报业务起到很好的指导作用。 相似文献
19.
利用再分析资料分析了MJO（Madden-Julian Oscillation）不同位相对春季中国东部降水的影响。结果表明：MJO处于位相3时对应长江及其以南地区降水增多,处于位相7时该区域降水减小。当热带MJO对流从位相1东传至位相4,与其相伴的北向辐散辐合流会在印度东北部—长江及副热带西北太平洋地区的对流层中低层产生明显的辐合异常,且在MJO位相3时中国东部的辐合异常达到最大。从Rossby波源角度分析,这种辐合异常会增强对流层中低层气旋性环流,导致MJO处于位相3时长江流域及其以南地区降水增多。同时,利用现代次季节和季节预报业务系统探讨了MJO与降水的关系对降水预报技巧的影响,发现预报降水和再分析产品的相关系数在MJO处于位相3和7时有所增加。 相似文献
20.
MJO活动对云南5月降水的影响 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
本文分析了1979～2008年5月MJO(Madden and Julian Oscillation)不同位相上大尺度环流对流和水汽输送的异常情况及其对云南5月降水的影响。按MJO活动中心位置从西向东分为8个位相, 在不同位相上, 云南5月降水呈现出明显的差异:第4～6位相(MJO对流中心位于赤道印度洋中部至西太平洋)降水偏多, 而第7～8位相(赤道太平洋中部以东)和第1～3位相(赤道印度洋中西部)降水偏少, 其中以第6位相的降水正异常和第2位相的负异常最为显著。在MJO 1～8位相中, 对流主体从热带印度洋东移。在第1～3位相, 孟加拉湾还未形成西南向水汽输送, 而云南又处于水汽辐散区, 降水较少;第4位相时对流主体到达90°N附近, 部分对流云系向孟加拉湾北传, 并在孟加拉湾生成气旋性环流, 向云南输送水汽, 云南降水增多;第5位相时对流主体传到南海, 部分对流云系在南海北传, 同时在南海形成北传的气旋性环流;第6位相时赤道MJO对流主体虽然东移出孟加拉湾, 但孟加拉湾和南海的两个气旋性环流依然继续北传, 孟加拉湾气旋东部的西南风和南海气旋西部的东北风在云南交汇, 云南被强烈的水汽辐合区控制, 降水最充沛。第7～8位相时, 对流主体减弱, 东移到南海和西太平洋一带, 孟加拉湾转向为偏北风, 停止向云南输送水汽, 且云南处于水汽辐散区控制, 降水偏少。因此, MJO主体在东传过程中, 激发了热带对流在孟加拉湾和南海两条通道上的北传, 强盛的水汽输送和两个海区气旋环流的有利配置是造成云南5月降水的重要原因。 相似文献