The response of the East Asian summer monsoon to strong tropical volcanic eruptions     

CUI Xuedong  GAO Yongqi  SUN Jianqi 《大气科学进展》2014,31(6):1245-1255

A 600-year integration performed with the Bergen Climate Model and National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） reanalysis data were used to investigate the impact of strong tropical volcanic eruptions on the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） and EASM rainfall.Both the simulation and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data show a weakening of the EASM in strong eruption years.The model simulation suggests that North and South China experience droughts and the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley experiences floods during eruption years.In response to strong tropical volcanic eruptions,the meridional air temperature gradient in the upper troposphere is enhanced,which leads to a southward shift and an increase of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream （EASWJ）.At the same time,the land-sea thermal contrast between the Asian land mass and Northwest Pacific Ocean is weakened.The southward shift and increase of the EASWJ and reduction of the land-sea thermal contrast all contribute to a weakening of the EASM and EASM rainfall anomaly.  相似文献   

Geochronology and paleoenvironment of pluvial Harper Lake,Mojave Desert,California, USA     

Anna L. Garcia  Jeffrey R. Knott  Shannon A. Mahan  Jordon Bright 《Quaternary Research》2014

Accurate reconstruction of the paleo-Mojave River and pluvial lake (Harper, Manix, Cronese, and Mojave) system of southern California is critical to understanding paleoclimate and the North American polar jet stream position over the last 500 ka. Previous studies inferred a polar jet stream south of 35°N at 18 ka and at ~ 40°N at 17–14 ka. Highstand sediments of Harper Lake, the upstream-most pluvial lake along the Mojave River, have yielded uncalibrated radiocarbon ages ranging from 24,000 to > 30,000 ¹⁴C yr BP. Based on geologic mapping, radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating, we infer a ~ 45–40 ka age for the Harper Lake highstand sediments. Combining the Harper Lake highstand with other Great Basin pluvial lake/spring and marine climate records, we infer that the North American polar jet stream was south of 35°N about 45–40 ka, but shifted to 40°N by ~ 35 ka. Ostracodes (Limnocythere ceriotuberosa) from Harper Lake highstand sediments are consistent with an alkaline lake environment that received seasonal inflow from the Mojave River, thus confirming the lake was fed by the Mojave River. The ~ 45–40 ka highstand at Harper Lake coincides with a shallowing interval at downstream Lake Manix.  相似文献   

初夏至盛夏东亚副热带西风急流变化与江淮出梅的关系          下载免费PDF全文

董丽娜  郭品文  张福颖   《大气科学学报》2010,33(1):74-81

利用1961—2005年逐候资料对东亚副热带西风急流初夏至盛夏变化与江淮出梅的关系进行了分析。结果表明,多年平均7月初夏至盛夏急流中心由西太平洋地区西跳至青藏高原的同时我国东部地区急流北跳至37.5°N以北,比梅雨结束早1候;急流北跳使得我国东部高空强辐散中心北移至华北地区,江淮地区上空辐散显著减弱,上升运动减弱,从而使得江淮梅雨结束,雨带北移;而急流中心的西跳仅使得我国东部地区高空辐散中心减弱,降水减弱,有利于雨带北移。我国东部急流北跳与江淮地区梅雨结束时间显著正相关,在北跳偏早(晚)年份梅雨结束早(晚),长江中下游地区降水偏少(多),而急流中心西跳早晚对我国华北北部地区和淮河附近地区降水有较大影响。可见,我国东部急流北跳与梅雨结束关系密切,可作为梅雨结束的先期信号。  相似文献   

1994年江淮地区首次区域性春季暴雨诊断分析     

王亦平  徐良谋  王肖成 《成都信息工程学院学报》1996,(4)

分析了１９９４年４月１９～２０日春季暴雨主要是由对流层中低层低涡和地面静止锋共同作用的结果，侧重于对低空急流的形成与变动和熵平衡方程的诊断分析，能量场与该次暴雨有很好的相关性  相似文献   

河南省煤层气钻井技术发展历程及展望          下载免费PDF全文

张晓昂  刘国卫  齐治虎  张留彬  胡向志  王立峰 《探矿工程》2022,49(5):86-93

河南省地勘队伍自2003年开展煤层气钻井施工以来,积极开展技术创新研究,先后研发了大直径绳索取心机具、射流式扩孔掏穴器等专用器具,率先开展了煤层气参数井、水平井、采动井、穿采空井等施工技术研究和实践,形成了涵盖各类煤层气井型的钻井施工技术体系,积累了丰富的实战经验,促进了我国煤层气产业的发展。本文在总结了河南地勘单位在煤层气钻井技术方面取得的成果的基础上,结合国内煤层气开发深度逐渐增加、采空区覆盖面积逐渐增大、构造煤煤层气未实现突破等行业发展需求,提出了开展高效煤层气水平井钻井技术、气动定向钻井技术及构造煤开发钻井关键技术等方面研究的建议。  相似文献   

粉细砂地层防渗帷幕综合施工方法          下载免费PDF全文

丁跃军 《探矿工程》2015,42(4):76-78

四川省武都水库右岸EL574 m灌浆平洞揭露出厚度2.3～9.8 m的粉细砂层,普通水泥高压灌浆无法形成可靠的防渗帷幕。采用高压旋喷、湿磨细水泥、化学灌浆的组合处理方式,取得了较好的施工效果。通过钻孔压水、大功率声波CT、单孔声波、钻孔全景数字成像等方法检测,表明达到了设计防渗要求。  相似文献   

卵漂石地层深基坑高压旋喷桩止水帷幕施工工艺          下载免费PDF全文

鲁鸿福  王丽梅 《探矿工程》2015,42(8):80-84

结合青海省微电机厂棚户区改造项目深基坑止水帷幕施工的成功经验,总结出卵漂石地层深基坑双排单重管高压旋喷桩止水帷幕施工的施工工艺及技术要点。  相似文献   

地形作用下低空急流的演变与强降水对流风暴系统的相互作用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄小彦  孙继松  刘文婷 《气象学报》2020,78(4):551-567

利用雷达、卫星、风廓线雷达和地面加密区域自动气象站等观测资料,分析了2016年入梅后发生在鄂东地区一次极端强降水事件的中尺度对流系统发生发展过程、结构演变及其传播特征,旨在揭示造成强降水过程中的3个中尺度对流系统（MCS）的触发、发展、维持机理以及它们之间内在的中尺度动力学关系,尤其是地形作用下的低空急流的演变与强降水对流风暴系统相互作用过程。研究表明:（1）与大多数梅雨锋上的强降水带与低空切变线平行分布不同,此次极端强降水雨带呈倾斜的“n”字形,其中两条主雨带近乎与低空切变线垂直;此次极端强降水分别由大别山迎风坡上西北—东南向MCS、湖北中东部平原地区西北—东南向MCS和桐柏—大洪山东侧东北—西南向MCS造成。3个MCS移动缓慢,都具有后向传播的特征。（2）大别山迎风坡上MCS初始雷暴是低空急流下边界不断向下扩展过程中在地形抬升作用下触发的,而湖北中东部平原地区的MCS和桐柏—大洪山东侧MCS的触发、发展、加强都与大别山迎风坡上MCS形成的冷池加速推进形成的出流边界与环境气流形成的强烈辐合抬升作用有关。（3）垂直于大别山的边界层西南急流对山坡上的对流冷池产生的顶托作用不仅平衡了冷池密度流产生的向下作用力,而且进一步强化了山区的辐合抬升强度,使得大别山迎风坡上强降水风暴系统得以长时间维持和发展;当山坡上的对流冷池堆积到足够厚度,或者由于低空急流的下边界迅速抬升时,这种平衡被打破,大范围的冷池俯冲下山并在平原地区快速推进,造成了湖北中东部平原地区大范围的雷暴大风和MCS发展加强,并沿冷池前沿逐步组织化,形成平原地区东南—西北向的强降水带。   相似文献   

The Relationship Between Abnormal Meiyu and Medium-Term Scale Wave Perturbation Energy Propagation Along the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet     

金荣花  杨宁  孙晓晴 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2020,26(2):125-136

The East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ) is one of the most important factors modulating the Meiyu rainfall in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, China. This article analyzed periods of the medium-term EASWJ variation,wave packet distribution and energy propagation of Rossby waves along the EASWJ during Meiyu season, and investigated their possible influence on abnormal Meiyu rain. The results showed that during the medium-term scale atmospheric dynamic process, the evolution of the EASWJ in Meiyu season was mainly characterized by the changes of3-8 d synoptic-scale and 10-15 d low-frequency Rossby waves. The strong perturbation wave packet and energy propagation of the 3-8 d synoptic-scale and 10-15 d low-frequency Rossby waves are mostly concentrated in the East Asian region of 90°-150°E, where the two wave trains of perturbation wave packets and wave-activity flux divergence coexist in zonal and meridional directions, and converge on the EASWJ. Besides, the wave trains of perturbation wave packet and wave-activity flux divergence in wet Meiyu years are more systematically westward than those in dry Meiyu years, and they are shown in the inverse phases between each other. In wet(dry) Meiyu year, the perturbation wave packet high-value area of the 10-15 d low-frequency variability is located between the Aral Sea and the Lake Balkhash(in the northeastern part of China), while over eastern China the wave-activity flux is convergent and strong(divergent and weak), and the high-level jets are strong and southward(weak and northward). Because of the coupling of high and low level atmosphere and high-level strong(weak) divergence on the south side of the jet over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, the low-level southwest wind and vertically ascending motion are strengthened(weakened), which is(is not)conducive to precipitation increase in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin. These findings would help to better understand the impact mechanisms of the EASWJ activities on abnormal Meiyu from the perspective of medium-term scale Rossby wave energy propagation.  相似文献   

一次飑线风暴的环境条件和雷达回波特征分析     

赵玲  李树岭  魏光辉 《气象与环境科学》2013,36(4):29-35

利用常规气象观测和新一代天气雷达监测资料,对大兴安岭地区加格达奇市2006年8月一次飑线天气的环境条件和雷达回波特征等分析发现：此次过程的影响系统高空槽为前倾结构,飑线发生在地面冷锋前,大气具有较强的不稳定层结,有利于上升运动,水汽充足,低层较强的垂直风切变使对流云团和弓形等线状回波生成并较长时间地维持和发展。对流云团位置与上升运动区域较为一致,产生飑线的强对流云团出现在中低层垂直速度梯度较大并靠近上升运动中心一侧,并位于低层比湿和水汽通量散度梯度较大区域即干锋附近以及K指数能量锋上。飑线弓形回波出现在一个中尺度椭圆状对流云团中心内部发展最强处。当云团向东北偏东方向移过加格达奇雷达站时,雷达反射率因子先后呈现出弓形、＂人＂字形等线状回波特征,当线状回波南端＂人＂字形顶部较强回波和后侧入流急流前方＂V＂型槽口的尖峰移经加格达奇时,带来了雷雨大风天气。  相似文献