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21.
Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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根据2005年1,4,7和10月4个季度代表月份在海南岛三亚湾进行的现场综合调查资料,分析了海区浮游植物和浮游细菌生物量的空间分布及季节变异特征,探讨了它们与温度,DIN,PO43-,DO,BOD5等生态环境因子的关系.结果表明,三亚湾海区2005年平均叶绿素a浓度为:(2.48±2.97)mg/m3,浮游植物生物量(C)为:(124.2±148.3)mg/m3,浮游植物生物量秋季最高,其他季节差异不大,除夏季外,浮游植物生物量(C)均表现为:表层大于底层;年平均浮游细菌丰度为(6.90±2.95)×108个/dm3,细菌生物量(C)为(13.79±5.90)mg/m3,细菌生物量夏季最高,往下依次为冬季、春季和秋季,且4个季节均为表层大于底层.4个季节表、底层浮游植物和细菌生物量的空间分布特征明显,均表现为从近岸的三亚河口往外海逐渐降低的趋势,三亚河的陆源输送和入海扩散是造成此分布特征的主要原因.无机营养盐中,DIN是调控浮游植物和细菌生物量的主导因子.位于热带的三亚湾,温度不成为影响二者季节差异的主要因子.浮游细菌生物量和浮游植物生物量的比值BB/PB为:0.06~0.15(平均为0.12),三亚湾浮游植物生物量和浮游细菌生物量间的相关性非常显著(P<0.01),初级生产是影响水域浮游细菌分布的重要因素. 相似文献
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BACTERIOPLANKTON SECONDARY PRODUCTION ESTIMATES FOR ARTIFICIALLY FERTILIZED SHRIMP POND 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
INTRODUCTIONItisgenerallybelievedthatbaCtCrioplanktonisanimPortantmetaboliccomPonentofseawaterpondbiota(Wetzel,l99l,Guo&Xu,l994,Gaoetal.,l994).However,therateofgroWthbybaCteriaandproductivityareknownpoorlyfromaquaticeresysta.Muchofthislackofprogressnsultedfromtheslowapplicationoflaboratorymethodo-logytoheterogeneousnaturalcornmnitiesofbacteria.TheintroduCtionofepiliuorescencewhcroscopyandseveraltechniquesenabletheproduCtionofbaCtCrioplanktontobeesti-mated.Thesemethodsindudetheuptake… 相似文献
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The diversity, community composition and 16 S rRNA gene abundance of bacterioplankton along a transect across an upwelling area off the eastern coast of Hainan Island（the Qiongdong upwelling） were investigated in August of 2016 using high throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR assay of 16 S rRNA genes. Compared with the offshore stations, the inner-shelf stations had higher bacterial gene abundance（up to 3 fold） and operational taxonomic unit richness, a result of the influence of upwelled a... 相似文献
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通过提取环境总16S rDNA和总16S rRNA分别构建DNA克隆文库和反转录cDNA文库,并进行克隆测序和序列分析,探讨湖光岩玛珥湖浮游细菌和浮游活性细菌的遗传多样性。结果表明:构建两个水层的4个克隆文库,即1 m和10 m水层总菌的16S rDNA文库和总活性菌的16S rcDNA文库,共获得413条序列,分属15门、32目、52科;1 m水层的rDNA文库与rcDNA文库中Verrucomicrobia类群所占比例最大(36.8%和32.1%),其次为Alphaproteobacteri(a 15.1%和16%)和Betaproteobacteri(a 17.9%和16%);在10 m水层的2个文库中,Alphaproteobacteria类群均占绝对优势,分别为63.5%(rDNA)和43.8%(rcDNA),其次为Verrucomicrobia(11.5%和14.3%),其他细菌类群包括Acidobacteria、Chloroflexi、Firmicutes、待定门OD1、Planctomycetes、Spirochetes和Deltaproteobacteria,比例在0.8%~3.8%之间;在科的水平上,SAR11为湖光岩玛珥湖最为丰富的类群,占总克隆数的26.9%,其中在10 m水层的比例高达51.5%。序列同源性分析表明,绝大多数序列(89.8%)来源于新种,其中19.6%的序列可能来自于新属,69%的序列可能来自于全新的科。湖光岩玛珥湖浮游细菌群落结构较为独特,有大量的浮游细菌种类尚未获得相应的纯培养物,蕴含着丰富而新颖的微生物资源。 相似文献
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影响北欧海和楚科奇海夏季细菌丰度和生产力的因素 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Abundance and production of bacterioplankton were measured in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea during the5 th Chinese Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2012.The results showed that average bacterial abundances ranged from 3.31×10~(11) cells/m~3 to 2.25× 10~(11)cells/m~3,and average bacterial productions(calculated by carbon)were 0.46 mg/(m~3·d) and 0.54 mg/(m~3·d) in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea,respectively.T-test result showed that bacterial abundances were significantly different between the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea,however,no significant difference was observed regarding bacterial productions.Based on the slope of lg bacterial biomass versus lg bacterial production,bacterial communities in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea were moderately dominated by bottom-up control.Both Pearson correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression indicated that temperature had significant positive correlation with bacterial abundance in the Chukchi Sea,while no correlations with productions in both areas.Meanwhile,Chl a had positive correlations with both bacterial abundance and production in these two regions.As the temperature and Chl a keep changing in the future,we suggest that both bacterial abundance and production been hanced in the Chukchi Sea but weaken in the Nordic seas,though the enhancement will not be dramatic as a result of higher pressure of predation and viral lysis. 相似文献
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Nadezda Degermendzhy 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):411-419
The ecological forecasting of microorganisms and water quality dynamics in Krasnoyarsk Reservoir is based on knowledge of dependence of specific growth rate (SGR) on limiting substrata. It investigated the influence of soil extract on the growth autochtonic (bacterioplankton of Krasnoyarsk Reservoir. The maximum SGR and Michaelis-Menten constant (on chemical oxidation decomposition (COD)-permanganate) is determined. These parameters are used in eco-model of Krasnoyarsk Reservoir and the Yenisei River to estimate the payojf of self-purification. 相似文献
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沉水植物叶表附着大量细菌,与沉水植物构成了复杂的共生体系.叶片附着细菌是水生态的重要组成部分,能影响沉水植物自身生长和水体物质循环过程.目前,对于沉水植物多样性对植物叶片附着细菌群落的影响知之甚少.本研究比较了不同沉水植物物种多样性对浮游细菌和叶片附着细菌群落的影响,同时探究不同植物——苦草(Vallisneria natans)、穗状狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)、微齿眼子菜(Potamogeton maackianus)和黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)叶片附着细菌的群落结构和多样性特征.结果表明,浮游细菌和叶片附着细菌的群落α多样性和β多样性具有显著差异.与单一植物物种体系相比,高植物物种多样性体系中植物叶片附着细菌群落α多样性较高.在高植物物种多样性体系中,黑藻叶片附着细菌群落的α多样性显著较高而β多样性显著较低,苦草叶片附着细菌群落的α多样性较低.沉水植物叶片附着细菌群落优势菌群属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes).高植物物种多样性体系中苦草的物种共现网络最具模块性.嗜甲基菌(g_Methylophilus)、红杆菌(f_Rhodobacter)、黄杆菌(g_Flavobacterium)是物种共现网络的关键物种.本文研究植物物种多样性对淡水湖泊细菌群落结构的影响,并强调宿主植物对附着细菌群落的重要选择作用,加深对细菌群落在水生植物叶片定殖机制的理解. 相似文献
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象山港2013年夏季浮游细菌群落的时空分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
港湾水域生态系统易受到人类活动的影响，而浮游细菌是维持海洋生态系统平衡和稳定的重要组成部分，其分布模式和动态变化可以反映人为活动对港湾生态系统的影响程度。本研究以宁波象山港这一受人类活动影响较大的代表性港湾为对象，研究了其夏季表层浮游细菌群落的空间分布特征及影响因子。结果表明，象山港各海区的浮游细菌α-多样性及均匀度总体上无显著差异。浮游细菌群落结构基本按海区聚类，海区间浮游细菌群落结构差异显著；分析相隔15天的两个航次的样品后发现，每个海区的浮游细菌群落结构均呈明显的时间演替。盐度、温度及营养盐是影响浮游细菌群落结构的主要环境因子。四个分别来自聚球藻属（Synechococcus）、OCS155、SAR11及α-变形菌纲的可操作分类单元（operational taxonomic units，OTUs）是造成海区间细菌群落差异的主要贡献类群。部分海区中，两个航次的样品存在相似功能潜力的标志性类群，可能是浮游细菌对海区水质长期响应的结果。本研究初步揭示了象山港夏季表层浮游细菌群落分布及其对港湾环境变化的响应模式，为评估港湾环境扰动的微生态效应提供了基础数据。 相似文献