室内养殖不同月龄糙海参营养成分分析     

刘旭佳  黄国强  李坚明  王志成  彭银辉  陈祯东  曾梦清  廖金堂 《广东海洋大学学报》2018,(2)

【目的】分析室内养殖的4、7和10月龄干、鲜糙海参的营养成分。【方法】用国标统一方法分析。【结果】随着生长发育,糙海参干体粗脂肪含量呈增加趋势,而粗蛋白和总多糖含量则呈下降趋势(P0.05);不同月龄糙海参鲜体内水分、粗蛋白、总多糖、总皂苷和粗脂肪含量差异有统计学意义(P0.05),粗脂肪含量低于检出限。在糙海参体内共检出17种氨基酸,其中8种必需氨基酸、1种半必需氨基酸和8种非必需氨基酸。4月龄糙海参干体各氨基酸含量显著低于7月龄和10月龄糙海参(P0.05),各月龄糙海参氨基酸含量由大到小顺序较为一致,为谷氨酸、甘氨酸、天冬氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸,但鲜体蛋氨酸、亮氨酸,赖氨酸和组氨酸含量差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而其他氨基酸含量差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。不同月龄糙海参干体必需、非必需氨基酸比值和必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例分别为0.36~0.38,26.58%~27.55%,鲜品的必需、非必需氨基酸比值和必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例分别为0.33~0.36、26.06%~26.34%;不同月龄糙海参干体的鲜味、药用氨基酸占总氨基酸比例分别为60.74%~61.46%、66.29%~66.21%,鲜品的鲜味、药用氨基酸占总氨基酸比例分别为62.86%~64.03%、66.13%~66.46%。【结论】室内养殖糙海参品质和营养价值较高。  相似文献   

室内刺参育苗池中新发现的一种敌害生物——日本毛壶   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

荣小军  廖梅杰  李彬  孟繁林  王岚  张正  王印庚  刘晓收 《海洋科学》2014,38(5):60-65

刺参(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)育苗池内PVC波纹板上新发现一种敌害生物——日本毛壶(Grantia nipponica),外观白色管状,体基端呈树枝状,中部膨大,表面遍生毛状骨针,活体长8~30 mm,宽2~6 mm。体表骨针为二辐骨针(diactine)和三辐骨针(trciactine),其中三辐骨针(trciactine)中包含了等角骨针(regular spicule)、羽状骨针(sagtittal spicule)和类羽状骨针(parasagittal spicule),二辐骨针的长度大约为80~800μm,三辐骨针的长度为30~350μm。毛壶大量繁殖的密度可达到0.144个/cm2。可从养殖用水过滤、饵料消毒和附着基及时清洗几个方面入手控制毛壶的过度增殖。  相似文献   

Effects of Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on the growth and digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas     

马悦欣  刘志明  杨志平  包鹏云  张丛尧  丁鉴锋 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(4):743-748

The effects of a diet containing Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on growth and digestive enzyme activity were estimated in juvenile Apostichopus japonicus. Groups of sea cucumbers were fed diets containing H. opuntiae C21 at 0(control), 10 4, 10 5, and 10 6 CFU(colony-forming units)/g feed. Results showed that after 45 d the specific growth rate(SGR) of sea cucumbers fed a C21-supplemented diet at 10 4 CFU/g feed was significantly higher than that of the control( P 0.05). Intestinal trypsin and lipase activities were significantly enhanced by C21 administration at 10 4 and 10 5 CFU/g feed compared with the control( P 0.05). After feeding for 23–42 d, C21 was demonstrated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to be present in the intestine of sea cucumbers. In addition, after feeding the C21-supplemented diets for 15 d, the sea cucumbers were switched to an unsupplemented diet and C21 was confirmed to be capable of colonizing the intestine for at least 31 d after cessation of feeding. In conclusion, C21 was shown to successfully colonize the intestine of juvenile A. japonicus via dietary supplementation, and improve growth and digestive enzyme activity.  相似文献   

Use of species-specific PCR for the identification of 10 sea cucumber species     

文菁  曾玲 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(6):1257-1263

We developed a species-specific PCR method to identify species among dehydrated products of 10 sea cucumber species. Ten reverse species-specific primers designed from the 16S rRNA gene, in combination with one forward universal primer, generated PCR fragments of ca. 270 bp length for each species. The specificity of the PCR assay was tested with DNA of samples of 21 sea cucumber species. Amplification was observed in specific species only. The species-specific PCR method we developed was successfully applied to authenticate species of commercial products of dehydrated sea cucumber, and was proven to be a useful, rapid, and low-cost technique to identify the origin of the sea cucumber product.  相似文献   

海参科(Holothuriidae)中4种海参的营养成分分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王远红  王聪  郭丽萍  朱春晓  吕志华 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(7)

糙参、乌皱辐肛参、荡皮海参蛋白质含量69.61%～72.32%,总氨基酸57.47%～68.99%;脂肪0.41%～1.12%,不饱和脂肪酸40.92%～54.74%;灰分8.48%～18.33%,常量元素Ca含量最高,Mg、K、Na次之,微量元素中Fe最高,Zn、Cu、Mn、Mo、Se次之,Cr较低,Co未检出;粗多糖在2.56%～7.23%,乌皱辐肛参的粗多糖含量较高。黑乳参中蛋白质含量最高达80.73%,总氨基酸68.99%;脂肪仅含0.1%,不饱和脂肪酸在26.53%;灰分含量9.25%,常量元素由高到低顺序K、Mg、Ca、Na,而P的含量较低,微量元素中Zn含量最高,Fe、Mo次之,Co痕量;粗多糖含量较低为2.28%。分析发现黑乳参与其它3种海参营养成分有明显差异,属于高蛋白、低脂肪食用海参。  相似文献   

你真的知道它们是什么吗?——带你走进棘皮动物的海洋世界     

欢休 《海洋世界》2013,(5):30-33

根据传统分类,人们将众多海洋生物主要分为两类:脊椎动物(背部有一列骨骼)和无脊椎动物。至少97%的海洋动物都是无脊椎动物,主要的无脊椎海洋生物都是海洋特有的代表物种。下文要介绍的海星、海胆、海参和一些其他形态的海洋生物组成了其中的棘皮类动物门。  相似文献   

热带珊瑚礁区红腹海参及绿刺参食物来源分析——脂肪酸标志法     

吴沛霖  黄端杰  马文刚  高菲  王爱民  许强 《海洋科学》2021,45(9):58-68

沉积食性海参通过大量摄取沉积物在热带珊瑚礁生态系统中发挥重要的生态功能,但其食物来源组成尚不清楚。本文研究了海南三亚近岸典型珊瑚礁海域红腹海参(Holothuria edulis)及绿刺参(Stichopus chloronotus)脂肪酸组成,利用脂肪酸标志法探讨了夏季和冬季两种海参的食物来源异同。结果表明,红腹海参与绿刺参的脂肪酸组成存在显著种间和季节差异。7月份时,鞭毛藻及原生动物是绿刺参的重要食物来源,而12月份绿刺参的食物来源较为广泛,涵盖鞭毛藻及原生动物、异养细菌褐藻和红藻等。红腹海参7月份的主要食物来源包括褐藻和红藻等,12月份异养细菌和绿藻在红腹海参的食物组成中比例相对较高。研究结果可为揭示红腹海参及绿刺参摄食活动的生态功能提供数据支持。  相似文献   

潮间带养鲍池垒石养参技术     

常忠岳  邢信泽 《海洋信息》1999,(2):13-13

近几年,沿海各地在潮间带建了大量的养鲍池,但由于多种原因,不少单位的池子几近废弃,导致生产物资、设备的极大浪费。为了改变这种被动局面,荣成市在养鲍池内堆石养参,并取得了较好的经济效益。 场地的选择 养参池应选择潮流畅通、风浪较小、盐度稳定、没有污染且野生海藻较多  相似文献   

Polyploidy induction by hydrostatic pressure shock and embryo development of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus     

丁君  常亚青  王子臣  宋坚 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(2):184-190

The manipulation of the chromosome set for commercially valuable marine animals is important for enhancing aquacultural production. In this study, triploid and tetraploid sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were induced by hydrostatic pressure shock, and the conditions of appropriate induction were tested with different starting times, and hydrostatic pressure intensities and durations. The highest rate of triploid induction reached 20% and that of tetraploid was 60%. In consideration of the survival rate and hatch rate, the appropriate treatment for triploid was 55 Mpa of hydrostatic pressure for 5 min at 55 min after fertilization (a.f.), while for tetraploid it was 60 Mpa for 5 min at 61 min a.f. The triploid of the sea cucumber could survive through the pelagic larval stage and attachment stage, and develop like the control group of the experiment. The tetraploid, however, could not survive the attachment stage.  相似文献   

Effect of water temperature on digestive enzyme activity and gut mass in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus （Selenka）, with special reference to aestivation   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

高菲  杨红生  许强  王方雨  刘广斌 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):714-722

The effect of water temperature on gut mass and digestive enzyme activity in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, including relative gut mass (RGM), amylase, lipase, pepsin and trypsin activities were studied at temperatures of 7, 14, 21, and 28°C over a period of 40 days. Results show that RGM significantly decreased after 40 days at 21°C and markedly decreased over the whole experiment period at 28°C; however, no significant effect of duration was observed at 7 or 14°C. At 14°C, trypsin activity significantly decreased over 10 and 20 days, then increased; amylase and trypsin activity significantly decreased after 40 days at 28°C. However, no significant effect of duration was found on amylase, pepsin or trypsin activities in the other temperature treatment groups. At 28°C, lipase activity peaked in 20 days and then markedly decreased to a minimum at the end of the experiment. On the other hand, pepsin activity at 28°C continuously increased over the whole experimental period. Principle component analysis showed that sea cucumbers on day 40 in the 21°C group and in the previous 20 days in the 28°C group were in the prophase of aestivation. At 28°C, sea cucumbers aestivated at 30–40 days after the start of the experiment. It is concluded that the effect of temperature on the digestion of A. japonicus is comparatively weak within a specific range of water temperatures and aestivation behavior is accompanied by significant changes in RGM and digestive enzyme activities.  相似文献