Mineral Components and Anti-oxidant Activities of Tropical Seaweeds     

Suzuki Takeshi Yoshie-Stark Yumiko Santoso Joko 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(3):205-208

Seaweeds are known to hold substances of high nutritional value; they are the richest resources of minerals important to the biochemical reactions in the human body. Seaweeds also hold non-nutrient compounds like dietary fiber and polyphenols. However, there is not enough information on the mineral compounds of tropical seaweeds. Also we are interested in the antioxidant activities of seaweeds, especially those in the tropical area. In this study, Indonesian green, brown and red algae were used as experimental materials with their mineral components analyzed by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The catechins and flavonoids of these seaweeds were extracted with methanol and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） ; the anti-oxidant activities of these seaweeds were evaluated in a fish oil emulsion system. The mineral components of tropical seaweeds are dominated by calcium, potassium and sodium, as well as small amounts of copper, iron and zinc. A green alga usually contains epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate and catechin. However, catechin and its isomers are not found in some green and red algae. In the presence of a ferrous ion catalyst, all the methanol extracts from the seaweeds show significantly lower peroxide values of the emulsion than the control, and that of a green alga shows the strongest anti-oxidant extract of this alga, which is significantly different from activity. The highest chelation on ferrous ions is also found in the the other methanol extracts in both 3 and 24 h incubations.  相似文献   

两株北极褐藻DNA条形码序列的记录          下载免费PDF全文

刘晨临  林学政 《极地研究》2017,29(2):228-235

2012年第5次北极科学考察期间,分别在白令海海域和冰岛附近海域各采集到1株褐藻。描述了其形态学特征,并利用多种DNA条形码序列对其进行了分子鉴定。形态学和基于ITS2序列构建的系统进化树均表明白令海北部海域采集到的AE5-8为孔叶藻亚种Agarum clathratum subsp.Clathratum,这一亚种起源于日本北海道,经过阿拉斯加到北美的东西海岸都有分布。形态学特征及ITS序列和cox1序列均表明在冰岛附近海域采集到的AE5-12是瘤状囊叶藻(Ascophyllum nodosum),瘤状囊叶藻在北大西洋沿岸属于常见种,但是北太平洋海岸未见其分布的报道。  相似文献   

海藻提取物对菠菜硝酸盐积累的影响及机理     

孙锦  韩丽君  于庆文  王萍 《海洋科学》2006,30(4):6-9

采用对比试验的方法,对海藻提取物对菠菜硝酸盐积累的影响及机理进行了研究。结果表明:在300 kg/hm2的氮肥施用量下,用不同浓度的海藻提取物喷施菠菜叶片,均显著降低硝酸盐含量,且浓度与硝酸盐含量呈极显著的负相关;海藻提取物对菠菜硝酸盐含量不存在稀释作用,并且对土壤硝化细菌数量无明显影响;浓度与硝酸还原酶活性呈极显著的正相关,说明海藻提取物降低菠菜硝酸盐含量的机理是通过增强硝酸还原酶活性来实现的。  相似文献   

Effects of composition and structure of alginates on adsorption of divalent metals     

Zheng Nai-yu  Zhang Yan-xia  Fan Xiao  Han Li-jun 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1994,12(1):78-83

Results of a series of experiments (on the adsorption of divalent metal ions by dried alginic acid, Na and Ca alginates of different composition and block structure) conducted in this systematic study of the effects of the composition and structure of alginates on the static adsorption equilibrium of divalent metal ions indicate that the properties of alginate adsorption to divalent metal ions are highly different, depending not only on the cations used, but also on the form and structure of the alginates. There is close correlation between the adsorption properties and the structure of the alginates. The selectivity coefficient of Na alginate for Cd-Sr ion exchange tends to increase with the increase of theM/G ratio in alginate, whereas the adsorption capacity of Ca alginate for Cu²⁺ ion decrease with the increase of the G-block or the average length of the G-block and the total adsorption capacity of alginic acid is found to vary in the same order as theF _MM(diad frequency) in alginate in the mixed solution of Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺ and Cd²⁺. Contribution No. 2166 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.  相似文献   

Studies on free radical scavenging activity in Chinese seaweeds part I. Screening results     

严小军  房国明  娄清香 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,17(3):240-246

INTRODUCTIONIthaslongbeenknownthatfatsundergoslowautoxidationduringstorage;andthatantioxidantswhichscavengefreeradicalsexistingduringtheinitialstageorearlypropagationstageoflipidoxida tioncanpreventrancidity ,soantioxidantsareoftenusedasfoodadditivescapableofdelaying ,re tardingorpreventingtherancidityinlipidsduetooxidation .Inthissense ,anidealantioxidantshouldhavethefollowingcharacteristics:safeinuse ,noodor,flavororcolor,effectiveatlowcon centration ,easytoincorporateandavailableatlowco…  相似文献   

The effect of low-level kelp supplementation on digestive enzyme activity levels in cultured abalone Haliotis midae fed formulated feeds     

A Nel  BI Pletschke  PJ Britz 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(2):175-182

Previous studies have found that macroalgal inclusion in formulated diets for cultured abalone improves feed utilisation, and it was suggested that seaweed-associated bacteria supply enzymes that aid in the animal's digestion. In the present study, we hypothesised that kelp supplementation in formulated feed affects the profile of digestive enzymes in farmed Haliotis midae. Commercially reared sub-adult abalone fed a kelp-supplemented (Ecklonia maxima; 0.88% dry weight) or kelp-free control feed were collected for analysis of the amylase, alginate lyase, laminarinase, fucoidanase and protease activities in the gut. Levels of polysaccharidase and protease activity did not significantly differ between the diet treatments. However, enzyme-activity levels were more variable in abalone fed the kelp-free diet as compared with those fed the kelp-supplemented diet (coefficients of variation: 73%, 48.3–60.2% and 31.9% [control diet] versus 42.7%, 13.6–33.8% and 14.6% [KS diet] for amylase, macroalgal polysaccharidases and acid protease activity, respectively). We suggest that the presence of dietary kelp modulates the abalone's gut bacteria and their nutrient exchange. Proteomic identification of proteins in abalone gut sections showed that exogenous enzymes associated with the gut microbiome aid in bacterial utilisation of digested molecules, whereas abalone endogenous enzymes degrade the macronutrients in formulated feeds.  相似文献   

基于稳定同位素的枸杞岛海藻场鱼类群落营养结构特征     

薛彬  李磊  蒋丽勤  张佳奇  戴乾  王君 《海洋与湖沼》2024,55(2):431-440

为了阐明枸杞岛近岸海域食物网结构,为岛礁近岸海藻场鱼类群落结构变化提供研究依据,应用碳、氮稳定同位素技术方法,分析评估了舟山枸杞岛近岸海藻场主要鱼类群落的营养结构特征及其季节变化。结果表明,海藻场茂盛期(春、夏季)主要鱼类的δ¹³C值范围为-20.4‰～-12.8‰,均值为-16.1‰,其δ¹⁵N值范围为4.1‰～10.4‰,均值为8.4‰;海藻场衰退期(秋、冬季)主要鱼类的δ¹³C值范围为-17.9‰～-14.4.‰,均值为-16.1‰,δ¹⁵N值范围为7.6‰-12.9‰,均值为9.7‰。钩虾和麦秆虫对褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)、大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)和斑头鱼(Agrammus agrammus)等海藻场定居种类的食源贡献率最大,浮游动物对黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)和皮氏叫姑鱼(Johnius belengerii)的等非藻场定居种类食源贡献最大;应用SIBER模型计算显示枸杞岛海藻场茂盛期的主要鱼类群落生态位空间、核心生态位...  相似文献   

实验室与田间条件下骨炭粉与海藻肥对镉污染土壤修复效果评价     

王萌  陈世宝  李杉杉  李晓越  郑涵  孟楠 《地学前缘》2019,26(6):82-88

本研究基于小麦、玉米、高粱籽粒及烟草烟叶镉(Cd)消减率、修复边际效率及土壤中Cd有效态含量的变化等对比了实验室与田间条件下骨炭粉与海藻肥对Cd污染农田土壤的修复效果。研究结果表明：骨炭粉与海藻肥使玉米、小麦、高粱和烟草对Cd的吸收、转运均有显著(P<0.05)降低作用;在田间条件下,骨炭粉与海藻肥对不同作物籽粒或烟叶的Cd消减率为16.2%~39.8%,可增加作物产量12.3%~38.6%。钝化剂对不同作物增产效果有一定差异,对小麦籽粒增产作用最为有效。研究发现添加钝化剂改变了Cd在土壤团聚体中的分布,使得Cd在大粒径团聚体中负载量增加,并且与对照相比,显著提高土壤pH(提高0.43~0.77),降低土壤Cd的有效性,有利于控制Cd在土壤植物系统中的迁移。总体而言,不同钝化剂的Cd污染土壤修复边际效率为3.99%~14.74%,同海藻肥相比,骨炭粉的修复边际效率较高。不同钝化剂在盆栽实验的修复效果优于田间实验的效果,可能是因为相比于田间实验,盆栽实验条件下根系的作用范围有限,钝化剂的作用效果较高。  相似文献   

枸杞岛海藻场冬季细菌群落结构分析     

尹冰玉  章守宇 《海洋湖沼通报》2012,(1):79-91

从枸杞岛海藻场和对照点贻贝场分别采取表层及底层水样,利用细菌通用引物,提取样品总DNA进行聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增,采用16SrDNA文库技术,对其细菌群落进行鉴定和分析。结果表明,海藻场表层和底层细菌群落分为5和6个门,贻贝场表层和底层细菌群落分为3和4个门,海藻场中细菌分类门数多于贻贝场内,优势菌均为变形细菌门,分别占克隆文库的比例为40.7%、50%、59.1%和48.1%。γ-变形菌纲为变形细菌门的优势亚群,各个文库中均含有许多未确定其分类的序列,即含有许多未被认知的微生物类群。变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门为所有水样共有,但在水层垂直分布及不同地理位置间存在较大差异。不同功能类群可能与其特殊生境密切相关。  相似文献   

中国海洋生物研究70年   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

孙军  蔡立哲  陈建芳  单秀娟  丁兰平  黄凌风  金显仕  林茂  刘洋  邵宗泽  徐奎栋  王雨  张晓华 《海洋学报》2019,41(10):81-98

随着中国“海洋强国”战略的提出，加快建设海洋类学科的发展成为历史必然，海洋生物是海洋不可分割的一部分，海洋环境和生物相互依存，相互作用，海洋生物研究重要性日益凸显。为纪念中国科学家在海洋生物领域的突出贡献，本文回顾了建国以来中国海洋生物相关的重要研究进展，梳理了中国科学家在海洋生物领域的突出贡献，系统总结并讨论了未来研究方向，抛砖引玉，希望籍此助推中国海洋生物研究的新高潮。  相似文献