临震前地壳变形不动点现象与机制研究     

牛安福  张凌空  章静  李媛  赵静  闫伟  岳冲  苑争一 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(1):1-6

在综合分析国内外地形变前兆研究现状的基础上,结合汶川8.0级地震前GPS、应变、重力等研究结果,提出临震前震源区域可能出现变形不动点现象。地壳变形过程中的不动点现象是临震前区域应力场进入临界状态的重要标志,是地震潜在危险区域划定的重要依据。借助不动点理论,给出汶川地震前变形不动点集合的演化,结合大区域地震活动空区与远场显著形变异常分布,探讨变形不动点现象发生的动力学背景,验证了汶川地震前地壳变形的不动点现象是大区域应力场有序运动的结果。  相似文献   

扬子陆块~2.0 Ga的区域变质事件对南北黄陵古元古代差异演化的启示     

陈超  苑金玲  郭盼  黎方云  孔令耀  杨金香  毛新武 《中国地质》2020,47(4):899-913

扬子陆核黄陵地区发育较为完整的太古宙—古元古代片麻岩、表壳岩组合(即崆岭杂岩),前人调查研究认为南北黄陵Ar-Pt1具有一致的物质组成和地质演化过程。笔者分别对南北黄陵太古宙花岗质片麻岩进行锆石年代学研究发现,北黄陵2件样品(HL013-1、HL013-2)均存在大量锆石发育岩浆核-变质边结构,都获得～2.8 Ga原岩结晶年龄和～2.0 Ga变质年龄;而南黄陵1件样品(HL005-3)以具振荡环带结构的岩浆锆石为主,仅获得～2.9 Ga原岩结晶年龄。结合前人研究成果发现,～2.0 Ga的变质年龄在北黄陵太古宙—古元古代的花岗片麻岩、表壳岩中广泛发育,而在南黄陵相似建造中均未获得,一定程度上说明北黄陵地区广泛遭受～2.0 Ga的区域变质作用而南黄陵不发育,南北黄陵在古元古代可能处在不同地块或者同一地块不同部位。2.1～1.6 Ga的构造岩浆事件的分布特点说明扬子陆块可能存在多条古元古代造山带,扬子陆块古元古代以多块体拼贴为特点,广泛记录2.1～1.6 Ga的构造岩浆事件说明扬子陆块是全球哥伦比亚超大陆的重要组成部分。  相似文献   

三刘节制闸渗透变形判别及边坡稳定评价探析     

陈智浩 《地下水》2020,(1):267-268,289

三刘节制闸位于辽宁西北部,通过对三刘节制闸渗透分析可知,环境水对混凝土具有强腐蚀性;对钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋具有弱腐蚀性;对钢结构具有中等腐蚀性。场区地震动峰值加速度0. 05 g,相应地震基本烈度为6度,不需进行液化判定。拟建闸基、桥头堡、翼墙建筑物基础坐落于①层砂壤土层,该层分布连续稳定,厚度较大,但该层为新进沉积堆积层,结构松散,为一般的地基土,地基承载力一般,工程地质条件不良,其下卧层为第②层粉质黏土层,该层中偏高压缩性,土质较差,建议对地基进行处理,以采用水泥土搅拌桩作为复合地基为宜。  相似文献   

陕西富平上奥陶统赵老峪组硅质岩地化特征及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

史毅  屈红军  李文厚  杜美迎  王浩 《地球科学》2020,45(1):168-179

陕西富平上奥陶统赵老峪组发育了一套与深水碳酸盐岩伴生的硅质岩沉积，其地化特征对揭示硅质来源及构造背景等具有重要意义.在研究区地层野外剖面实测、硅质岩岩石地化分析基础上，研究了该区硅质岩硅质来源及构造环境.赵老峪组岩性以深灰色薄板状灰岩为主，夹层状放射虫硅质岩、砾屑灰岩、砂屑灰岩、含斑块灰岩和火山凝灰岩，其中硅质岩呈隐晶质－微晶质，含放射虫化石.样品Al/（Al+Fe+Mn）均值0.68，MnO/TiO₂均值0.18，ΣREE均值46.41，δCe均值0.95，δEu均值1.13，La_N/Yb_N均值1.15，La_N/Ce_N均值1.08，显示大陆边缘的构造环境，硅质来源主要为陆源来源.结果表明赵老峪组硅质岩发育于奥陶纪扬子板块向华北板块俯冲背景下，形成于华北地块南缘与北秦岭之间的二郎坪弧后前陆盆地北部大陆边缘.   相似文献   

闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定配合中药3期辨证治疗股骨颈骨折72例          下载免费PDF全文

邵加龙  蔡春岳  许平 《应用海洋学学报》2018,34(6):85-86

目的：观察闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定配合中药3期辨证治疗股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法：将144例股骨颈骨折患者随机分为2组各72例，对照组采用闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定治疗，治疗组在对照组治疗基础上配合使用中药3期辨证治疗。术后随访观察2组患者的骨折愈合时间及骨折不愈合、股骨头缺血性坏死发生情况，并观察末次随访时的髋关节Harris评分。结果：2组术后骨折平均愈合时间、骨折不愈合与股骨头坏死情况及髋关节Harris评分比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定配合中药3期辨证治疗能够促进股骨颈骨折的愈合，有利于髋关节功能的恢复。  相似文献   

营养限制对三种浮游动物的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈蕾  李超伦  周孔霖  时永强  刘梦坛 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(4):58-68

Nutrient imbalance—a mismatch in nutrient ratios between the available food supply and the demands of consumers—has the potential to be transported up food chains,exposing zooplankton to nutrient limitations.In this study,the response of Calanus sinicus(copepod),Moina mongolica(cladocera),and Brachionus plicatilis(rotifer) to nutrient-limited(no-limited,P-limited,and N-limited) food were evaluated from the perspective of growth,reproduction,and stoichiometric homoeostasis.The results indicated that the growth of three species was suppressed under nutrient-limited(especially P-limited) conditions.However,the effect of nutrient limitations on their reproduction was species-specific.For C.sinicus,the dietary UFA(unsaturated fatty acid) as a major phospholipid component affected their egg production and total FA supporting energy promoted the hatchability of eggs.Furthermore,excess carbon in the diet promoted egg production but reduced hatching success.For M.mongolica,nutritional(P and UFA) and energy(total FA) support affected their fecundity.B.plicatilis fecundity exhibited the same pattern of growth(no-limitedN-limitedP-limited).In terms of stoichiometric homeostasis,B.plicatilis' s elemental compositions were less likely to be affected by nutrient limitations than M.mongolica.We suggest that the effects of nutrient imbalances could potentially become an evolutionary force affecting ecosystem structure and stability in eutrophic waters.  相似文献   

基于平均分组和叠加相关的GPS信号捕获方法     

杨久东  吴风华  王文军 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(8):828-831

针对目前GPS软件接收机C/A码捕获信噪比门限高、捕获速度慢的问题，提出一种基于平均分组和叠加相关的GPS弱信号捕获方法。首先，基于平均相关处理技术降低C/A码捕获过程中的自相关损耗，提高对微弱信号的捕获能力；然后，利用叠加相关提高相干运算的运算效率，并采用线性插值提高自相关函数性能；最后，利用频偏校正和内插进一步提高C/A信号的捕获精度。理论分析和仿真实验均验证，该方法能够在较低的信噪比下实现GPS信号捕获，且精度较高、运算量较低。  相似文献   

基于气象要素内插的地基GPS/PWV 方法研究与精度分析          下载免费PDF全文

申建华 《全球定位系统》2020,45(3):89-95

测站气压和温度的准确获取对GPS水汽反演的精度至关重要,但是我国各地在建立GPS连续运行观测站时的发展状态差别较大,有相当部分的GPS气象站网并未配备气压和温度传感器,无法有效准确采集测站气压及温度相关数据,对实时获取测站上方水汽有较大影响.本文基于一种增加高度改正的反距离加权法,和分布在全国的全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)气象站网数据,对该方法进行了实验验证．实验结果表明,通过此方法得到的气压和温度参数精度满足水汽解算需要．同时将本文方法与全球气温和气压经验模型(GPT2)进行对比,证明了本文得到的温压参数精度要优于GPT2模型.   相似文献   

冷泉系统甲烷气体渗漏的声学特征及潜在环境效应     

尉建功  吴婷婷  邓希光  于宗泽  王力峰 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):133-144

The amount of methane leaked from deep sea cold seeps is enormous and potentially affects the global warming,ocean acidification and global carbon cycle. It is of great significance to study the methane bubble movement and dissolution process in the water column and its output to the atmosphere. Methane bubbles produce strong acoustic impedance in water bodies, and bubble strings released from deep sea cold seeps are called "gas flares"which expressed as flame-like strong backscatter in the water column. We characterized the morphology and movement of methane bubbles released into the water using multibeam water column data at two cold seeps. The result shows that methane at site I reached 920 m water depth without passing through the top of the gas hydrate stability zone(GHSZ, 850 m), while methane bubbles at site II passed through the top of the GHSZ(597 m) and entered the non-GHSZ(above 550 m). By applying two methods on the multibeam data, the bubble rising velocity in the water column at sites I and II were estimated to be 9.6 cm/s and 24 cm/s, respectively. Bubble velocity is positively associated with water depth which is inferred to be resulted from decrease of bubble size during methane ascending in the water. Combined with numerical simulation, we concluded that formation of gas hydrate shells plays an important role in helping methane bubbles entering the upper water bodies, while other factors, including water depth, bubble velocity, initial kinetic energy and bubble size, also influence the bubble residence time in the water and the possibility of methane entering the atmosphere. We estimate that methane gas flux at these two sites is 0.4×10~6–87.6×10~6 mol/a which is extremely small compared to the total amount of methane in the ocean body, however, methane leakage might exert significant impact on the ocean acidification considering the widespread distributed cold seeps. In addition, although methane entering the atmosphere is not observed, further research is still needed to understand its potential impact on increasing methane concentration in the surface seawater and gas-water interface methane exchange rate, which consequently increase the greenhouse effect.  相似文献   

东南印度洋中脊澳大利亚-南极洲不整合带地区岩浆供应与构造作用沿洋脊的变化     

刘守金  林间  周志远  张帆 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(1):118-129

We analyzed seafloor morphology and geophysical anomalies of the Southeast Indian Ridge(SEIR) to reveal the remarkable changes in magma supply along this intermediate fast-spreading ridge. We found systematic differences of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance(AAD) from adjacent ridge segments with the residual mantle Bouguer gravity anomaly(RMBA) being more positive, seafloor being deeper, morphology being more chaotic, M factors being smaller at the AAD. These systematic anomalies, as well as the observed Na_(8.0) being greater and Fe_(8.0) being smaller at AAD, suggest relatively starved magma supply and relatively thin crust within the AAD.Comparing to the adjacent ridges segments, the calculated average map-view M factors are relatively small for the AAD, where several Oceanic Core Complexes(OCCs) develop. Close to 30 OCCs were found to be distributed asymmetrically along the SEIR with 60% of OCCs at the northern flank. The OCCs are concentrated mainly in Segments B3 and B4 within the AAD at ～124°–126°E, as well as at the eastern end of Zone C at ～115°E. The relatively small map-view M factors within the AAD indicate stronger tectonism than the adjacent SEIR segments.The interaction between the westward migrating Pacific mantle and the relatively cold mantle beneath the AAD may have caused a reduction in magma supply, leading to the development of abundant OCCs.  相似文献