泛华夏大陆群与东特提斯构造域演化   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李兴振  许效松  潘桂棠 《沉积与特提斯地质》1995,(4):1-13

本文以板块构造理论为基础,根据全球各大陆陆块和微陆块的相对亲缘性、统一性和独立性,提出晚前寒武纪末一早古生代初泛大陆解体后,整个古生代期间,全球大陆可划分为三大陆块群,即冈瓦纳大陆群、劳亚大陆群,和泛华夏大陆群。论述了三大陆块群,特别是泛华夏大陆群的形成演化及其作为独立大陆群存在的统一性。指出泛华夏大陆群的独立性和统一性表现在:①早古生代末,扬子、华夏(包括黄海一东海一南海古陆)、中朝、柴达木、塔里木、昆仑一北羌塘一昌都一印支等陆块曾一度拼贴在一起,形成统一的大陆;②晚古生代中晚期形成独立的华夏植物群区系;③晚古生代末一早中生代,泛华夏大陆群主体部分的扬子一华夏和中朝陆块向西运移楔入,导致其南北两侧古特提斯洋的同步消亡和全球泛大陆的最终形成。泛华夏大陆群的形成演化历经了晚前寒武纪末一早古生代初各陆块的裂离、割据;早古生代末的拼贴、统一;晚古生代的再次分裂和晚古生代末一早中生代与南北大陆群拼贴4个发展阶段。同时指出在东特提斯构造域内,古特提斯既表现出对原特提斯的继承性,又有新生性;中特提斯不是古特提斯的延续和发展,它是标志泛大陆裂一聚巨旋回演化中另一旋回的开始。最后讨论了显生宙地球上大陆由南聚北散到北聚南散,陆块在总体上向北漂移中旋转、裂、聚和泛大陆重组和立即又解体的可能的动力学机制,即地球内部物质向南半球运移,南半球膨胀,促使泛大陆解体。地球内部物质的南移又迫使软流层物质向北运动,驱动大陆碎块北上。蠕动的软流层中,除具有垂向环流的对流环外,还具有大小不等的水平涡旋运动。正是巨大的水平涡旋运动导致了陆块的旋转、会聚(泛大陆形成)和很快脱离涡旋体面离散(泛大陆解体)。  相似文献   

Influences of Lower-Mantle Properties on the Formation of Asthenosphere in Oceanic Upper Mantle     

David A Yuen  Nicola Tosi  Ondrej adek 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2011,(2)

Asthenosphere is a venerable concept based on geological intuition of Reginald Daly nearly 100 years ago.There have been various explanations for the existence of the asthenosphere.The concept of a plume-fed asthenosphere has been around for a few years due to the ideas put forth by Yamamoto et al..Using a two-dimensional Cartesian code based on finite-volume method,we have investigated the influences of lower-mantle physical properties on the formation of a low-viscosity zone in the oceanic upper mantle in...  相似文献   

板内地震过程的三层次构造模式   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

杨巍然  曾佐勋  李德威  邢集善  王杰  罗文行 《地学前缘》2009,16(1):206

地震的本质是一个能量长期积累和突发释放的地质过程。在板内地震特征分析的基础上,我们提出板内地震的三层次构造模式——软流圈上隆的深部构造、中地壳韧性流变层(低速高导层)及其上、下的强硬层组成的中部三明治构造和上地壳浅表脆性断裂构造。软流圈上隆使岩石圈减薄并为震源提供热能和机械能,提升地震三明治构造中韧性流变层的温度,且降低其粘度,相应地加大了高导层与高阻层的能干差,使得热能和机械能引起的应变能在两种不同流变性质介质边界附近强烈集中。三明治构造上面脆性断裂加速了应力集中,当活动断层达到三明治构造边界,即可触发地震的发生,引起应变能、热能的突然释放。基于以上模式,我们初步设计了对三层次构造信息的地震监测系统。  相似文献   

中国东部中生代软流圈上涌与构造 岩浆 矿集区          下载免费PDF全文

邢集善杨巍然  邢作云刘建华 邵建设 《地学前缘》2009,16(4):225-239

在深入研究华南地震层析成像的基础上,按照大地构造环境和软流圈上涌形状和热度,将中国东部(大陆)中生代上地幔中岩石圈 软流圈构造划分为3类:(1)陆台区(华北块和扬子块),软流圈沿古裂陷上涌,其柱头上方形成幔壳混熔花岗质岩及相应Au、Cu、Mo、Pb Zn等矿集区,并于软流圈与岩石圈厚区之陡接触带形成中基性杂岩及相应Fe矿集区;(2)褶皱带中心区(南岭及其延伸带),软流圈在适当深度、热量充足、较大范围内“平卧”,因热传导而致使地壳内物质部分重熔,形成壳源型花岗质岩及相应的W、Sn、稀有元素矿集区;(3)褶皱带边缘区(大兴安岭南部及华南南缘),在软流圈上涌柱上方形成幔源或幔壳混熔的花岗质岩,相应为Cu、Au、Pb Zn、Mo、Ag矿集区。总之,软流圈上涌是中生代构造、岩浆、矿集区形成之根源。  相似文献   

地幔活动在南海扩张中的作用数值模拟与讨论   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3  

崔学军  夏斌  张宴华  刘宝明  王冉  闫义 《大地构造与成矿学》2005,29(3):334-338

对于地幔活动对南海扩张有无影响及影响大小这一问题,目前仍存在不同观点。本文采用数值模拟方法对地幔活动在南海扩张中的作用和影响进行了考查,结果表明:地幔上涌作用能引起南海岩石圈很大程度的减薄,但对南海地壳减薄影响很小;地幔上涌作用是南海扩张的重要动力学因素之一,但只在地幔上涌作用下要很长的时间才能打开南海。  相似文献   

THE CAUSE OF FORMATION OF THE LAYERS WITH LOW VELOCITY AND HIGH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN WESTERN TIBET     

Ma Xiaobing  Kong Xiangru  Liu Hongbing  Yan Yongli 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

THE CAUSE OF FORMATION OF THE LAYERS WITH LOW VELOCITY AND HIGH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN WESTERN TIBET  相似文献   

Destruction of the Northern Margin of the North China Craton in Mid-Late Triassic: Evidence from Asthenosphere-derived Mafic Enclaves in the Jiefangyingzi Granitic Pluton from the Chifeng Area, Southern Inner Mongolia     

LIU Jianfeng  LI Jinyi  CHI Xiaoguo  ZHENG Peixi  HU Zhaochu  ZHANG Xiaowei 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):1071-1092

The petrology, geochronology and geochemistry of the mafic enclaves in the Mid-Late Triassic Jiefangyingzi pluton from Chifeng area, southern Inner Mongolia, in China are studied to reveal their petrogenetic relationship with the host pluton. Furthermore, the coeval magmatic assemblage and its petrogenesis on the northern margin of the North China craton(NCC) are studied synthetically to elucidate their tectonic setting and the implications for the destruction of the NCC. Zircon U-Pb dating reveals that the mafic enclaves formed at 230.4 ± 2.2 Ma, which is similar to the age of the host pluton. The most basic mafic enclaves belong to weak alkaline rocks, and they display rare earth element(REE) and trace element normalized patterns and trace element compositions similar to those of ocean island basalt(OIB). In addition, they have positive εNd(t) values(+3.84 to +4.94) similar to those of the Cenozoic basalts on the northern margin of the NCC. All of these geochemical characteristics suggest that the basic mafic rocks originated from the asthenosphere. Petrological and geochemical studies suggest that the Jiefangyingzi pluton and the intermediate mafic enclaves were formed by the mixing of the asthenosphere-derived and crust-derived magmas in different degrees. The Mid-Late Triassic magmatic rocks on the northern margin of the NCC could be classified into three assemblages according to their geochemical compositions: alkaline series, weak alkaline–sub-alkaline series and sub-alkaline series rocks. Petrogenetic analyses suggest that the upwelling of the asthenosphere played an important role in the formation of these Mid-Late Triassic magmatic rocks. Basing on an analysis of regional geological data, we suggest that the northern margin of the NCC underwent destruction due to the upwelling of the asthenosphere during the Mid-Late Triassic, which was induced by the delamination of the root of the collisional orogeny between Sino-Korean and Siberian paleoplates in Late Permian.  相似文献   

On Geophysical Background of Superlarge Deposits in the Chinese Continent     

PENG Cong  PEI Rongfu Institute of Mineral deposits  CAGS  Beijing  GAO Rui Institute of Geology  CAGS  Beijing Liu Xinzhu 《《地质学报》英文版》1999,73(2):193-200

Based on the study of tens of geophysical profiles (seismic, geothermal flow and magnetotelluric sounding profiles) and 3-D shear wave velocity structures of the Chinese continent and its neighbouring regions, this paper describes the 3-D crustal and upper mantle structures and discusses briefly the deep geophysical background of superlarge ore deposits in the Chinese continent. Superlarge deposits are usually very few in number, but they are distributed still in certain forms such as "point", "zone" and "area". Most of the large-, medium- and small-sized deposits occur near the margins of different tectonic units; while the superlarge endogenic polymetallic deposits occur mostly in thinned mantle lithosphere, uplifts of the asthenosphere (vertical low-velocity zones) and the transformation zones of lateral inhomogeneity (weak zones) in the upper mantle. The superlarge endogenic polymetallic deposits are almost unevenly distributed in three major ore zones in China, corresponding to the boundaries of in  相似文献   

在金伯利岩中新发现的几种矿物及其意义   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

赵磊  路凤香  任迎新  郑建平  张宏福 《岩石矿物学杂志》1993,12(3):284-288

新近发现华北地台金伯利岩中存在自然铁、自然铜、自然锡、硅铁石、二硅铁矿、未命名的Si、Fe、Ti互化物及含铬黑镁铁钛矿等前人未曾报导过的矿物。据初步研究,它们与处于强还原环境的地幔深层流体有关。这些矿物的发现,首次为软流层中的流体交代作用提供了实物证据。  相似文献   

地球电磁感应研究的新进展     

赵国泽 《地球物理学进展》1993,(2)

地球电磁感应方法的应用研究在陆地上不断深化的同时,正在向海洋区和大陆边缘扩展,各种电磁方法的观测、资料处理和解释技术正在提高到新的水平,模型和反演技术的研究正在开创一些新的思路,畸变效应及消除问题更加引起人们的注意.  相似文献