Tephrostratigraphy of the last 170 ka in sedimentary successions from the Adriatic Sea     

Natale Calanchi  Enrico Dinelli 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2008

In this study are discussed new SEM-EDS analyses performed on glass shards from five cores collected in the Central Adriatic Sea and two cores recovered from the South Adriatic Sea. A total of 26 tephra layers have been characterized and compared with the geochemical features of terrestrial deposits and other tephra archives in the area (South Adriatic Sea and Lago Grande di Monticchio, Vulture volcano). The compositions are compatible with either a Campanian or a Roman provenance. The cores, located on the Central Adriatic inner and outer shelf, recorded tephra referred to explosive events described in the literature: AP3 (sub-Plinian activity of the Somma-Vesuvius, 2710 ± 60 ¹⁴C years BP); Avellino eruption (Somma–Vesuvius, 3548 ± 129 ¹⁴C years BP); Agnano Monte Spina (Phlegrean Fields, 4100 ± 400 years BP); Mercato eruption (Somma–Vesuvius, 8010 ± 35 ¹⁴C years BP; Agnano Pomici Principali eruption (Phlegrean Fields, 10,320 ± 50 ¹⁴C years BP); Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (Phlegrean Fields, 12,100 ± 170 ¹⁴C years BP). Some of these layers were also observed in the South Adriatic core IN68-9 in addition to younger (AP2, sub-Plinian eruption, Somma–Vesuvius, 3225 ± 140 ¹⁴C years BP), and older layers (Pomici di Base eruption, Somma–Vesuvius, 18,300 ± 150 ¹⁴C years BP). Significant is the tephra record of core RF95-7 that, for the first time in the Adriatic Sea, reports the occurrence of tephra layers older than 60 ka: the well known Mediterranean tephra layers X2 (ca. 70 ka), W1 (ca. 140 ka) and V2 (Roman origin, ca. 170 ka) as well as other tephra layers attributed, on the basis of geochemistry and biostratigraphy, to explosive eruptions occurred at Vico (138 ± 2 and 151 ± 3 ka BP) and Ischia (147–140 ka BP).  相似文献   

利用液态磷渣制备乳浊玻璃     

舒杼  周俊  王焰新  卢学实 《地球科学》2009,34(6):1019-1024

为实现炼磷排放的高温液态磷渣的热能、物质的同步回收利用, 并消除其环境污染问题, 通过现场试验, 以高温液态磷渣为主要原料, 直接与16.5%的石英粉和8.5%的高岭土热配合, 再经1450℃熔炼、浇铸成型和850℃乳化热处理, 制得了乳浊玻璃板材.磷渣乳浊玻璃的抗折强度为43.68MPa, 耐酸性为0.51%, 耐碱性为0.04%, 能满足建筑装饰材料的质量要求.ESEM、XRD和EDS分析结果共同表明, 母玻璃的乳浊机理在于主体玻璃中析出了富Ca元素的粒径为0.1~0.4μm的非晶质球形颗粒.由于高温液态磷渣掺量高达75%, 改性剂掺量低且成本低廉, 生产线易于配置, 本研究具有较高的工业化生产可行性、较佳的经济效益和应用前景.   相似文献   

水泥—水玻璃在房屋增层地基加固工程中的应用     

程鉴基  程鉴添  程文汉 《煤田地质与勘探》1999,27(5):52-55

当前加层房屋日益增多,其地基加固处理的方法很多。在确定加固方法之前,需对旧楼地基基础及结构进行验算,包括桩端持力层的强度,桩的容许承载力,桩基础沉降等。水泥-水玻璃双液化学灌浆法首次用于房屋增层地基加固,该方法具有可灌性高(K=10-6cm/s)、凝胶时间快(15~120 s)、强度较高(5~20 MPa)等诸多材料特性,可满足新增的上部结构荷载对地基的新要求。文章还介绍了一个工程实例   相似文献   

充填处理红宝石的鉴定     

万红 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1999,(4)

对红宝石的天然、合成、优化处理成因已有许多研究,其中有不少争议［１］。争议的焦点在于对其内含物（包裹体）的认识。因此,在鉴定工作中思路要宽,对内含物的一切可能成因要作全方位推断,然后一一甄别。１　测试样品及其一般宝石学特征１－１　测试样品本文测试样品为一条红宝石伴钻石手链,来自于广州市对一家有信誉的国营大公司的市场抽查。样品重７－５４ｇ,由１０粒规格为５－１×４－２ｍｍ的椭圆形刻面红宝石及１８粒圆形钻石组成,工艺精美,商家称为“镶嵌红宝石手链”。１－２　一般宝石学特征１０粒红宝石颜色统一,为较均…  相似文献   

History of scoria-cone eruptions on the eastern shoulder of the Kenya–Tanzania Rift revealed in the 250-ka sediment record of Lake Chala near Mount Kilimanjaro     

Catherine Martin-Jones  Christine Lane  Maarten Van Daele  Thijs Van Der Meeren  Christian Wolff  Heather Moorhouse  Emma Tomlinson  Dirk Verschuren 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(1-2):245-255

Reconstructions of the timing and frequency of past eruptions are important to assess the propensity for future volcanic activity, yet in volcanic areas such as the East African Rift only piecemeal eruption histories exist. Understanding the volcanic history of scoria-cone fields, where eruptions are often infrequent and deposits strongly weathered, is particularly challenging. Here we reconstruct a history of volcanism from scoria cones situated along the eastern shoulders of the Kenya–Tanzania Rift, using a sequence of tephra (volcanic ash) layers preserved in the ~250-ka sediment record of Lake Chala near Mount Kilimanjaro. Seven visible and two non-visible (crypto-) tephra layers in the Lake Chala sequence are attributed to activity from the Mt Kilimanjaro (northern Tanzania) and the Chyulu Hills (southern Kenya) volcanic fields, on the basis of their glass chemistry, textural characteristics and known eruption chronology. The Lake Chala record of eruptions from scoria cones in the Chyulu Hills volcanic field confirms geological and historical evidence of its recent activity, and provides first-order age estimates for seven previously unknown eruptions. Long and well-resolved sedimentary records such as that of Lake Chala have significant potential for resolving regional eruption chronologies spanning hundreds of thousands of years.  相似文献   

Towards a protocol for the trace element analysis of glass from rhyolitic shards in tephra deposits by laser ablation ICP‐MS          下载免费PDF全文

NICHOLAS J. G. PEARCE 《第四纪科学杂志》2014,29(7):627-640

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玻璃温室内植物层中总辐射分布规律   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

贺芳芳  吴元中 《气象》2001,27(2):25-28

在对上海地区荷兰玻璃温室中黄瓜植物层内进行总辐射观测的基础上，研究秋、冬、春末夏初三个季节内晴天、阴天温室中黄瓜植物层内总辐 射的分布规律。  相似文献   

Precise and Accurate Doping of Nanoporous Silica Gel for the Synthesis of Trace Element Microanalytical Reference Materials          下载免费PDF全文

William O. Nachlas 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2016,40(4):505-516

This study presents an experimental procedure to fabricate high‐purity silica glass containing a selected element at a specified mass fraction. The procedure was used to prepare glasses doped with trace‐level mass fractions of Ti with the goal of improving analytical confidence when measuring trace elements in quartz. Systematic tests were performed to determine the ideal conditions and procedures for doping nanoporous silica gel with the highest efficiency of dopant recovery. Silica gel was cleaned in concentrated HCl, immersed in a non‐polar doping medium at a controlled pH and doped with precise quantities of ICP‐MS standard solution. Using liquids composed of longer chain molecules as the doping medium diminishes recovery, suggesting that large molecules could obstruct nanopores to inhibit capillary uptake of the dopant. A control experiment using crystalline quartz reinforced the effectiveness of nanoporous silica gel for doping with trace‐level precision. Layered aggregates of silica gel doped with different Ti mass fractions were hot‐pressed to create multi‐layered reference materials that were analysed with multiple techniques at a variety of spatial scales. Analyses at the intra‐grain scale (cathodoluminescence scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis), at the single grain scale (SIMS), at the sample layer scale (EPMA, laser ablation‐ICP‐MS) and at the bulk scale (ICP‐OES) demonstrated acceptable homogeneity at sample volumes characteristic of most microanalysis techniques and show that nanoporous silica gel holds promise as a highly retentive doping substrate for preparing reference materials for laser‐, electron‐ and ion‐beam microanalysis.  相似文献   

Experimental field study on the migratory behaviour of glass eels (Anguilla anguilla) at the interface of fresh and salt water     

Bult  Tammo P.; Dekker  Willem 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(7):1396-1401

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中沙群岛近海表层沉积物中的火山灰及其对构造环境的响应     

鄢全树  石学法  刘季花  陈代庚 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(4):9-16

南海中沙近海表层沉积物的轻组分(粒径为63~125μm)中主要包括有褐色火山玻璃、无色火山玻璃以及火山渣等3种火山灰类型。在硅碱图(TAS)及Al2O3、FeO*、MgO、CaO、Na2O、K2O对SiO2的变化趋势图中可以判断,本区可能存在双峰式火山活动,褐色火山玻璃代表中-基性端元,而无色火山玻璃代表酸性端元。无色火山玻璃与褐色火山玻璃具有共同的岩浆源区,结晶分异可能是源区岩浆演化的主要方式。这种双峰式火山活动暗示火山活动源区处于大陆拉张减薄环境,支持西沙海槽是一个正在活化的伸展大地构造现象这一观点,同时肯定基于地球物理学和岩石学研究资料所提出的海南地幔柱的存在。  相似文献