纳入空间自相关的FLUS模型在土地利用变化多情景模拟中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张经度  梅志雄  吕佳慧  陈进钊 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(3):531-542

FLUS模型是一种新型的土地利用变化模拟模型,应用前景广阔。本文通过在FLUS模型的人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)训练模块中引入空间自相关因子来改进模型,以珠江三角洲地区为例,基于2009年、2015年土地利用数据和一系列驱动因子对改进的模型进行了验证,并利用该改进的FLUS模型模拟了2035年研究区在3种情景下土地利用变化格局。结果表明:①引入空间自相关因子后各地类发生概率分布的预测精度更高,耕地、林地、建设用地、水体和未利用土地的拟合优度ROC值分别从0.819、0.928、0.885、0.855和0.861提高到0.857、0.934、0.890、0.863和0.978;②改进的FLUS模型的模拟精度有一定的提高,Kappa系数从0.732提高到0.744,FOM系数从0.077升到0.106;③情景模拟表明,3种情景下珠江三角洲建设用地和林地均将增加、而耕地均呈减少趋势。但不同情景下模拟的土地利用格局也存在显著差异:基准情景下,建设用地明显扩张且大幅侵占耕地。耕地保护情景下,耕地面积保持在合理水平,建设用地蔓延扩张趋势得到遏制,土地利用布局总体趋向合理。生态保护情景下,耕地、林地和水体得到较好保护,建设用地布局更为合理,土地利用可持续性明显提高。  相似文献   

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE 3DVAR ASSIMILATION OF THE AMSU-A DATA IN SPACE-TIME MULTISCALE ANALYSIS SYSTEM     

刘瑞霞  谢元富  刘杰 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2017,23(3):314-322

Assimilating satellite radiances into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models has become an important approach to increase the accuracy of numerical weather forecasting. In this study, the assimilation technique scheme was employed in NOAA’s STMAS (Space-Time Multiscale Analysis System) to assimilate AMSU-A radiances data. Channel selection sensitivity experiments were conducted on assimilated satellite data in the first place. Then, real case analysis of AMSU-A data assimilation was performed. The analysis results showed that, following assimilating of AMSU-A channels 5–11 in STMAS, the objective function quickly converged, and the channel vertical response was consistent with the AMSU-A weighting function distribution, which suggests that the channels can be used in the assimilation of satellite data in STMAS. With the case of the Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan Island in August 2009 as an example, experiments on assimilated and unassimilated AMSU-A radiances data were designed to analyze the impact of the assimilation of satellite data on STMAS. The results demonstrated that assimilation of AMSU-A data provided more accurate prediction of the precipitation region and intensity, and especially, it improved the 0–6h precipitation forecast significantly.  相似文献   

On the local multiscale determination of the Earth’s disturbing potential from discrete deflections of the vertical     

T. Fehlinger  W. Freeden  C. Mayer  M. Schreiner 《Computational Geosciences》2008,12(4):473-490

As a first approximation, the Earth is a sphere; as a second approximation, it may be considered an ellipsoid of revolution. The deviations of the actual Earth’s gravity field from the ellipsoidal “normal” field are so small that they can be understood to be linear. The splitting of the Earth’s gravity field into a “normal” and a remaining small “disturbing” field considerably simplifies the problem of its determination. Under the assumption of an ellipsoidal Earth model, high observational accuracy is achievable only if the deviation (deflection of the vertical) of the physical plumb line, to which measurements refer, from the ellipsoidal normal is not ignored. Hence, the determination of the disturbing potential from known deflections of the vertical is a central problem of physical geodesy. In this paper, we propose a new, well-promising method for modelling the disturbing potential locally from the deflections of the vertical. Essential tools are integral formulae on the sphere based on Green’s function with respect to the Beltrami operator. The determination of the disturbing potential from deflections of the vertical is formulated as a multiscale procedure involving scale-dependent regularized versions of the surface gradient of the Green function. The modelling process is based on a multiscale framework by use of locally supported surface curl-free vector wavelets.   相似文献   

测井数据小波变换用于准层序研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

房文静  范宜仁  邓少贵  黄隆基 《地层学杂志》2007,31(3):303-308

层序界面的识别及其内部特征是层序地层学研究的关键问题。准层序地层单元的分界面上物理性质变化明显,测井曲线表现为突变,测井数据小波变换能够表征这种突变。以东营凹陷某井为例,选取高斯小波对SP测井数据进行小波变换,得到时频色谱图和不同尺度上的小波系数曲线。选定最佳分解尺度后,依据该尺度下小波系数模极值的位置能准确识别出准层序界面。并利用测井多尺度分析方法对不同井段GR测井曲线进行分析,得到不同尺度下的低频和高频信息能够识别出准层序内部的沉积旋回类型,建立了相应的频谱响应特征。这些探索为层序界面的定量划分及其内部特征研究提供了一种新的思路。  相似文献   

测井多尺度分析方法用于准层序自动划分研究   总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

房文静  范宜仁  邓少贵  谭茂金 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(6):1809-1814

多尺度分析方法实现了信号分析的时频局部化,是测井数据时频分析与地质解释恰当的数学工具.测井资料作为地层岩性、物性的反映,其中必然蕴含了大量与沉积地层旋回变化有关的信息.以胜坨油田某井为例,采用db4最佳小波基分别对自然伽马、自然电位和声波等测井曲线进行了多尺度分析,将一维测井数据拓展为二维深度-尺度空间,提取小波变换系数的时频色谱信息和能量信息,从而确定出测井曲线识别准层序界面的最佳尺度.依据最佳尺度下的小波系数幅度振荡特征和时频色谱信息实现了对准层序界面的自动划分,与传统方法所划分的界面基本一致.这些探索为层序地层的定量划分提供了一种新的思路.  相似文献   

1950-2008年黄河入海水沙变化(英文)     

刘锋  陈沈良  彭俊  陈广泉 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(6):1047-1061

Based on hydrological data observed at Lijin gauging station from 1950 to 2008, the temporal changes of water discharge and sediment load of the Yellow River into the sea were analyzed by the wavelet analysis, and their impacts on the estuary were investigated in different periods based on the measured coastline and bathymetry data. The results show that: (1) there were three significant periodicities, i.e. annual (0.5-1.0-year), internnual (3.0-6.5-year) and decadal (10.1-14.2-year), in the variations of water discharge and sedi- ment load into the sea, which might be related to the periodic variations of El Nino and Southern Oscillation at long-term timescales. Variations of water discharge and sediment load were varying in various timescales, and their periodic variations were not significant during the 1970s-2000s due to strong human disturbances. (2) The long-term variation of water discharge and sediment load into the sea has shown a stepwise decrease since the 1950s due to the combined influences of human activities and precipitation decrease in the Yellow River Basin, and the human activities were the main cause for the decrease of water discharge and sediment load. (3) The water discharge and sediment load into the sea greatly influenced the evolution of the Yellow River Estuary, especially the stretch rate of coastline and the deposition rate of the sub-aqueous topography off the estuary which deposited since 1976.  相似文献   

Multiscale segmentation of well logs     

P. L. Vermeer  J. A. H. Alkemade 《Mathematical Geology》1992,24(1):27-43

Examination of well logs leads to the observation that they exhibit characteristic behavior over a wide range of scales, differing from a foot to hundreds of feet. This behavior is not accounted for in conventional segmentation methods. The segmentation method that is proposed here aims to solve this problem. It is based on a multiscale representation of the well log. This is a representation of the well log at different levels of smoothness. The behavior of edges, which are associated with extrema of the first derivative, across scales is of great importance in the segmentation. Analysis of this behavior leads to a multiscale segmentation of the well log, in which a fine-scale segment is a part of one coarse scale segment only. In this way the geologist is able to analyze the log at different scales simultaneously. An extension of this approach is not to preserve all fine-scale information but to zoom in only on parts of the log where it is considered to be of interest.  相似文献   

基于空气质量模拟的江苏省大气污染物排放清单比较研究     

李勋  秦墨梅  李琳  李婧祎  胡建林 《南京气象学院学报》2020,12(6):705-713

大气污染物排放清单是空气质量模拟和空气污染治理的重要依据.本研究比较分析了两套覆盖江苏省的2017年大气污染物排放清单，即分别由上海市环境科学研究院、江苏省环境科学研究院编制的"长三角清单"和"江苏省清单"，并结合区域空气质量模型CMAQ评估不同清单对长三角地区2017年1、4、7、10月的空气质量模拟的影响.清单比较结果表明，除二氧化硫（SO₂）以外，江苏省清单估算的各污染物排放量较长三角清单低.通过与观测数据比较，发现两套清单对SO₂、氮氧化物（NO_x）、臭氧（O₃）和细颗粒物（PM_2.5）的模型模拟性能均较好.江苏省清单与长三角清单两者的模拟结果空间分布接近，其中江苏省清单模拟的PM_2.5和O₃在长三角多数地区略低于长三角清单的模拟结果（1月O₃除外）.江苏省清单与长三角清单均能够用于空气质量模式模拟，可为江苏地区的细颗粒物和光化学烟雾污染的控制策略制定提供参考.  相似文献   

MS-VSCN:用于影像匹配的多尺度视觉相似度比较网络     

彭锦超  万刚  李科  李锋 《测绘科学技术学报》2021,38(1):56-63

影像匹配在多种计算机视觉任务中起着重要的作用。提出一种用于影像匹配的多尺度视觉相似度比较网络。该网络基于孪生网络结构进行构建,将普通卷积与空洞卷积进行融合,使得卷积神经网络在多个尺度上提取到的视觉特征实现互补。首先,网络的输入由两幅待匹配的影像组成,使用权值共享的两个网络分支分别提取两幅影像的深度特征;其次,在网络中与每个普通卷积模块平行设置一个或多个空洞卷积模块,得到的特征经过融合后输入下一个网络层进行特征提取;最后,根据网络输出特征间的欧氏距离对影像的相似度进行比较,从而完成影像匹配关系的判别。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在测试数据集上的性能优于对比方法,能够有效地完成影像匹配任务。  相似文献   

基于eCognition的玉树结古镇灾情动态监测研究     

杜珂磊  唐斌  李佳 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(2):31-35

中国青海省玉树自治州结古镇附近于2014年4月14日7时左右发生了Ms 7.1级地震。利用灾前灾后两个不同时期的高分辨率影像,以结古镇南部地区为例,探讨基于e Cognition平台,选用多尺度分割和最邻近法,对灾前灾后遥感影像进行各类地物信息提取,分析研究区内各地物的动态变化。研究表明:通过面向对象分类的e Cognition软件提取的各地物信息颜色信息丰富,形状大小特征明显,总体分类精度达到90%以上,分类效果良好。并根据提取成果进行统计分析,快速提供受灾地区地震前后整体动态变化情况,为各级政府部门迅速开展地质灾害抢险救援与监测提供支撑。  相似文献