Fluxes and behavior of radium isotopes, barium, and uranium in seven Southeastern US rivers and estuaries     

Willard S. Moore  Timothy J. Shaw 《Marine Chemistry》2008,108(3-4):236-254

This paper demonstrates the importance of advective transport of water through permeable estuarine and salt marsh sediments. This transport delivers significant quantities of radium and barium to the coastal ocean; and, in some cases may remove significant quantities of uranium. These conclusions are based on repeated analyses of seven river–estuarine systems from North Carolina to Florida. Fluxes of radium and barium from these river systems are shown to be inadequate to balance the dissolved inventories of these elements in the South Atlantic Bight. The strong interactions that occur between surface and subsurface waters as these rivers encounter coastal marshes lead us to consider these river mouths as marsh-dominated in terms of their chemical fluxes to the ocean. Such interactions between the river and coastal marsh must be considered when estimating fluxes of material between the land and ocean.  相似文献   

Benthic nitrate biogeochemistry affected by tidal modulation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) through a sandy beach face, Ria Formosa, Southwestern Iberia     

C. Rocha  J. Ibanhez  C. Leote   《Marine Chemistry》2009,115(1-2):43-58

To investigate both the role of tides on the timing and magnitude of Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD), and the effect on benthic nitrogen biogeochemistry of nitrate-enriched brackish water percolating upwards at the seepage face, we conducted a study of SGD rates measured simultaneously with seepage meters and mini-piezometers, combined with sets (n = 39) of high resolution in-situ porewater profiles describing NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si(OH)₄ and salinity distribution with depth (0–20 cm). Sampling took place during two consecutive spring tidal cycles in four different months (November 2005, March, April and August 2006) at a backbarrier beach face in the Ria Formosa lagoon, southern Portugal. Our results show that the tide is one of the major agents controlling the timing and magnitude of SGD into the Ria Formosa. Intermittent pumping of brackish, nitrate-bearing water at the beach face through surface sediments changed both the magnitudes and depth distributions of porewater NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ concentrations. The most significant changes in nitrate and ammonium concentrations were observed in near-surface sediment horizons coinciding with increased fraction of N in benthic organic matter, as shown by the organic C:N ratio. On the basis of mass balance calculations executed on available benthic profiles, providing ratios of net Ammonium Production Rate (APR) to Nitrate Reduction Rate (NRR), coupled to stoichiometric calculations based on the composition of organic matter, potential pathways of nitrogen transformation were speculated upon. Although the seepage face occasionally contributes to reduce the groundwater-borne DIN loading of the lagoon, mass balance analysis suggests that a relatively high proportion of the SGD-borne nitrogen flowing into the lagoon may be enhanced by nitrification at the shallow (1–3 cm) subsurface and modulated by dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA).  相似文献   

Radium tracing of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and associated nutrient fluxes in a highly-permeable bed coastal zone, Korea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Guebuem Kim  Jae-Woong Ryu  Dong-Woon Hwang 《Marine Chemistry》2008,109(3-4):307

In order to estimate submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and SGD-driven nutrient fluxes, we measured the concentrations of nutrients, ²²⁴Ra, and ²²⁶Ra in seawater, river water, and coastal groundwater of Yeongil Bay (in the southeastern coast of Korea) in August 2004 and February 2005. The bottom sediments over the shallow areas of this bay are composed mainly of coarse sands. Large excess concentrations of ²²⁴Ra, ²²⁶Ra, and Si supplied from SGD were observed in August 2004, while these excess concentrations were not apparent in February 2005. Based on the mass balance for ²²⁴Ra, ²²⁶Ra, and Si, which showed conservative mixing behavior in seawater, SGD was estimated to be approximately 6 × 10⁶ m³ day^− 1 (seepage rate = 0.2 m day^− 1) in shallow areas (< 9 m water depth) in August 2004, which is much higher than the SGD level typically found in other coastal regions worldwide. During the summer period, SGD-driven nutrients in this bay contributed approximately 98%, 12%, and 76% of the total inputs for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorus (DIP), and silicate (DSi), respectively. Our study implies that the ecosystem in this highly permeable bed coastal zone is influenced strongly by SGD during summer, while such influences are negligible in winter.  相似文献   

From Bullets to Boreholes: A Disaggregated Analysis of Domestic Water Cooperation in Drought-prone Regions     

《Global Environmental Change》2020

Does water shortage incentivize cooperation? Case studies suggests that water scarcity can rarely, if at all, explain violence, instead such shortages rather facilitate cooperative actions around water. Another major argument from qualitative research holds that water scarcity and armed conflict often occur side by side. These insights have rarely been tested empirically across cases on a sub-national level. Earlier quantitative work instead focused on basin or state level interactions. This article fills these gaps by using disaggregated data to analyze the effect of water scarcity on incidences of domestic water cooperation. Using event data covering the Mediterranean area and Northern Africa (1997–2009), this article first shows that water-related actions, cooperative or conflictual, in general are more frequent in water scarce areas. Second, the analysis demonstrates that water cooperation occurs in areas with difficult access to groundwater and with a history of violence. Third, the findings suggest that the relationship between water scarcity and water cooperation is conditional on levels of democracy. The presented results also differ depending on whether state or non-state actors collaborate in domestic water initiatives. Taken together, these findings provide crucial insights to our understanding of environmental peacebuilding and water security.  相似文献   

地下水污染防治区划研究     

杨磊  黄敬军  陆徐荣 《江苏地质》2014,38(2):298-301

以某地区地下水污染调查成果为基础,基于地下水资源的自然属性和社会属性,建立了由1个目标层、2个属性层、3个准则层、6个约束层和12项指标构成的地下水污染防治区划指标体系。利用层次分析法确定指标权重,采用加权平均综合指数模型计算区划指数,并借助MapGIS技术进行相关数据处理和区划结果可视化表达。区划结果符合地下水污染预防为主与分区防治的原则。  相似文献   

AHP在地下水防污性能评价中的应用-以江苏浅层孔隙地下水为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄晓燕  李朗  姚炳魁 《地下水》2014,(2):51-53

地下水的防污性能评价是地下水环保工作的基础,其结果能为地下水环境保护、饮水安全保障体系建设等提供科学依据。针对传统DRASTIC评价模型存在的不足,结合江苏省浅层孔隙含水层的水文地质条件。提出基于层次分析法（AHP）的DRAVT防污性能评价模型,利用GIS空间分析功能进行地下水防污性能评价．该模型的评价结果客观科学,能有效的为规划部门及地下水资源管理部门服务。  相似文献   

关中盆地地下水环境地质问题研究     

石卫  王友林  杜少少 《地下水》2014,(2):54-56

陕西关中盆地做为西部大开发的一个核心支撑区,而水资源紧缺成为经济进一步发展的制约因素。根据盆地内主要城市地下水的开采利用现状及供水结构变化,系统地分析盆地内的地下水不合理开采所导致地下水降落漏斗、地裂缝、地面沉降、渍水及土壤盐渍化等环境地质问题,最后提出可行的防治措施,以恢复生态环境良性循环。  相似文献   

基于计点系统模型的地下水水量脆弱性评价     

尹恒  吴勇  姜丽丽  陈磊杰  王春红 《地下水》2014,(6):16-18

根据德阳市城市规划区的实际情况,选择含水层厚度、富水性、给水度、降水入渗系数、地下水资源可开采模数等能充分反应研究区地下水系统特征的5个指标,建立地下水水量脆弱性评价指标体系,利用专家评分法获取评价指标权重体系,并用计点系统模型及GIS技术进行研究区地下水水量脆弱性综合性评价。结果显示,地下水水量脆弱性较高和高的分布面积约占全区面积的29.7%,地下水水量保护管理形势较为严峻;发现地下水水量脆弱性在地下水补给区相对较低、在排泄区相对较高。  相似文献   

民勤盆地地下水开发利用红线指标研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李计生  李斌 《地下水》2014,(6):73-75

通过对红崖山下泄流量和民勤绿洲地下水资料的收集整理,在地下水均衡原理的基础上,用系统分析法分析了地表水、地下水与开采量的关系规律,建立地下水开采总量和水位双约束控制的地下水开发利用红线管理指标,提出利用民勤降水量考核盆下地水资源控制的刚性水位指标,为有关部门利用和管理地下水资源和制定经济社会可持续发展提供有益探索。  相似文献   

Analysis of hydrogeolgical characteristics and water environmental impact pathway of typical shale gas exploration and development zones in Sichuan Basin,China     

SUN Dong  LIU Xin-ze  YANG Hai-jun  CAO Nan  ZHANG Zhi-peng  CHEN Yin-song  LI Da-meng 《地下水科学与工程》2014,7(3):195-213

Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development. Groundwater environmental pollution is concealed, complex and persistent. Once it is difficult to control the pollution, the current commercial shale gas development zones in Sichuan Basin that are mostly located in karst areas and highly sensitive to groundwater will be vulnerable to the impact of shale gas exploration and development. Based on the hydrogeological conditions of shale gas exploration and development area and combined with engineering analysis of exploration and development, various risk pathways that may affect the groundwater environment during process of shale gas exploration, mining well construction, mining operations and other stages were identified in this paper. Some existing risk pathways were proved by verification of typical areas and should not be ignored. Based on the actual situation of typical areas, the countermeasures of groundwater environmental protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development in karst areas were discussed. It is believed that the ground-water environment can be better protected by strengthening administration, research and application of new technologies, precise design, hydrogeological conditions, and research and feedback of groundwater environmental protection.  相似文献