Evaluation of riverbed magnetic susceptibility for mapping biogeochemical hot spots in groundwater-impacted rivers     

Chen Wang  Martin A. Briggs  Frederick D. Day-Lewis  Lee D. Slater 《水文研究》2021,35(5):e14184

Redox hot spots occurring as metal-rich anoxic groundwater discharges through oxic wetland and river sediments commonly result in the formation of iron (Fe) oxide precipitates. These redox-sensitive precipitates influence the release of nutrients and metals to surface water and can act as ‘contaminant sponges’ by absorbing toxic compounds. We explore the feasibility of a non-invasive, high-resolution magnetic susceptibility (MS) technique to efficiently map the spatial variations of magnetic Fe oxide precipitates in the shallow bed of three rivers impacted by anoxic groundwater discharge. Laboratory analyses on Mashpee River (MA, USA) sediments demonstrate the sensitivity of MS to sediment Fe concentrations. Field surveys in the Mashpee and Quashnet rivers (MA, USA) reveal several discrete high MS zones, which are associated with likely anoxic groundwater discharge as evaluated by riverbed temperature, vertical head gradient, and groundwater chemistry measurements. In the East River (CO, USA), widespread cobbles/rocks exhibit high background MS from geological ferrimagnetic minerals, thereby obscuring the relatively small enhancement of MS from groundwater induced Fe oxide precipitates. Our study suggests that, in settings with low geological sources of magnetic minerals such as lowland rivers and wetlands, MS may serve as a complementary tool to temperature methods for efficiently mapping Fe oxide accumulation zones due to anoxic groundwater discharges that may function as biogeochemical hot spots and water quality control points in gaining systems.  相似文献   

First Multi‐Isotopic (Pb‐Nd‐Sr‐Zn‐Cu‐Fe) Characterisation of Dust Reference Materials (ATD and BCR‐723): A Multi‐Column Chromatographic Method Optimised to Trace Mineral and Anthropogenic Dust Sources     

Aubry Vanderstraeten  Steeve Bonneville  Stefania Gili  Jeroen de Jong  Wendy Debouge  Philippe Claeys  Nadine Mattielli 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(2):307-329

Atmospheric dust is an integral component of the Earth system with major implications for the climate, biosphere and public health. In this context, identifying and quantifying the provenance and the processes generating the various types of dust found in the atmosphere is paramount. Isotopic signatures of Pb, Nd, Sr, Zn, Cu and Fe are commonly used as sensitive geochemical tracers. However, their combined use is limited by the lack of (a) a dedicated chromatographic protocol to separate the six elements of interest for low‐mass samples and (b) specific reference materials for dust. Indeed, our work shows that USGS rock reference materials BHVO‐2, AGV‐2 and G‐2 are not applicable as substitute reference materials for dust. We characterised the isotopic signatures of these six elements in dust reference materials ATD and BCR‐723, representatives of natural and urban environments, respectively. To achieve this, we developed a specific procedure for dust, applicable in the 4–25 mg mass range, to separate the six elements using a multi‐column ion‐exchange chromatographic method and MC‐ICP‐MS measurements.  相似文献   

地缘政治视角下中亚“颜色革命”易发程度分析     

李希雅  王礼茂 《世界地理研究》2019,28(6):42-49

基于地缘政治视角，分析本世纪初发生在原苏联地区“颜色革命”的诱发因素，认为美国根据其地缘战略格局对“颜色革命”发生地存在一定程度的主观选择性，国家内部经济、政治、社会等层面的矛盾也同样作为发生背景。在中亚地缘格局动态分析的基础上，结合中亚五国形势，从时间和空间双重维度对中亚地区未来发生“颜色革命”的可能性进行识别与评判，得出1) 整体来看，中亚近期内爆发“颜色革命”可能性较小，但从长远来看不能掉以轻心。2)土、乌未来稳定可期，塔、吉、哈需谨防“颜色革命”卷土重来。  相似文献   

利用InSAR资料反演宁洱Ms6.4地震震源参数及库仑应力变化     

陈晨月  冯光财  高华  杨怀宁 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(3):295-301

首先利用ALOS PALSAR数据，通过D-InSAR技术获取2007-06-03云南宁洱MS6.4地震的同震形变场，然后基于Okada弹性半空间位错模型反演该地震的断层几何以及精细滑动分布，最后计算宁洱地震后周边断层的静态库仑应力变化。结果表明，形变主要集中在西盘，最大视线向形变量为51.6 cm；反演得到的震源位置为23.05°N、101.02°E，深度3 km，断层走向145°，倾向49.5°，平均滑动角153°，发震断层为NNW向普洱断裂，断层活动以右旋走滑为主，兼具逆冲分量；断层面最大滑动量为1.2 m，反演得到的震级为MW619。基于库仑应力场发现，磨黑断裂处于库仑应力增加区域，而2014年景谷地震位于负值区域。结合实地考察资料和反演结果表明，宁洱地震为浅源地震，但断层并未出露地表。  相似文献   

基于GPS和水准数据的微粒群算法联合反演祁连山北缘断裂三维滑动速率     

刘杰 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(9):906-909

将微粒群算法与位错理论模型相结合，采用中国地壳运动观测网络提供的青藏高原地区2001~2004年GPS测量数据和2000~2006年水准测量数据，通过常规定权和附有相对权比的方法对祁连山北缘断裂的三维滑动速率进行联合反演，并与蚁群算法反演结果进行对比。结果表明，微粒群算法收敛速度快、稳定性高，结合经典位错理论模型，是一种可以有效求解断层三维滑动速率反演问题的优化算法，在大地测量反演领域极具应用潜力。  相似文献   

Genesis of S-type Granites in the Pengshan Sn-polymetallic Ore Field, Northern Jiangxi Province and its Implications     

YIN Qingqing  XIANG Xinkui  YU Zhendong  YANG Xiufeng  WANG Tianchen  ZHONG Bo  TAN Rong  LIAO Jianhai  ZHU Yuansong 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(6):1860-1873

The Pengshan Sn-polymetallic ore field is located in the southeastern part of the Yangtze block, spanning the southeast edge of the MLYDZ and the northern edge of the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift, and on one side of the MLYDZ. The studies of LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb chronology and petrogeochemistry for Early Cretaceous acid granites from the Pengshan ore field were carried out in this paper. We report zircon U–Pb geochronology and whole-rock geochemistry for acid granites in the Pengshan ore field. The zircon U–Pb ages of the muscovite-granite, biotite adamellite and granite-porphyry are 127.6 ± 1.7 Ma, 126.9 ± 1.6 Ma and 126.6 ± 2.0 Ma, respectively. The granites in Pengshan are characterized by a high silicon content and are rich in alkali. They belong to high-potassium, calc-alkaline, peraluminous granite. The rocks have a relatively high Rb/Ba ratio, and the data points for muscovite-granite and biotite adamellite all fall within the clay-rich sources region, near the pelite-derived end-member, showing that the Pengshan muscovite-granite and biotite adamellite mainly originated from the partial melting of metapelites with high maturity. The transformation of the compressional and extensional tectonics in this region approximately 128 Ma obviously lags behind that in the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift (135 Ma), but occurred earlier than the MLYDZ (126 Ma). The Pengshan ore field extends from the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift to the MLYDZ. Although the tectonic stress field is constrained by the combination of the two secondary tectonic units, the time of tectonic system transformation is closer to the MLYDZ because the spatial orientation of the area is enclosed in the MLYDZ. Relevant geophysical and drilling data confirm the rationality of Pengshan–Ao’xia as a multi-center vertical zoning ore field, and show the scientificity of the prospecting idea of abutting joint between the north-west of Pengshan area and the south-east of Ao’xia area.  相似文献   

赣南狮吼山硫铁多金属矿区花岗岩地球化学、年代学特征及其成因     

贺根文  路思明  彭琳琳  于长琦  李伟  刘翠辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(5):1491-1504

狮吼山矿区是江西省内规模最大的矽卡岩型硫铁多金属矿床，伴生W、Cu、Au多种成矿元素，成矿作用与矿区出露的茶山迳复式花岗岩体有关。岩体主要包括茶山迳似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和莲湖细粒二长花岗岩两期，为研究成矿岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及与成矿的关系，本次工作进行了U-Pb锆石定年、岩相学和岩石地球化学等测试分析。结果表明：岩体具有高硅、高钾、富铝的特征，属高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩；轻重稀土元素分馏明显，均为右倾型，弱Eu负异常，以富集Cs、Rb、Th、U、Pb，亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、和Ti等元素为主要特征，属于低Ba-Sr壳源花岗岩类；锆石具较好晶形，具典型岩浆锆石特征，利用LA-ICP-MS进行U-Pb测年，获得谐和年龄为（162.4±0.6）Ma（MSWD=1.8），加权平均年龄为（162.4±1.4）Ma（MSWD=1.4），谐和年龄与加权平均年龄在误差范围内高度一致，表明茶山迳复式岩体侵位于燕山早期中侏罗世；综合考虑岩体矿物组合、主微量元素及高分异特征，认为其成因分类应属于S型花岗岩；对比中国花岗岩成矿元素平均含量，茶山迳两期花岗岩均具有较高的W、Mo、Bi、Pb等成矿元素含量，可同时为成矿作用提供热源、流体及物质。  相似文献   

新疆西天山查岗诺尔铁矿床环带石榴子石和绿帘石的发现及意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯浩轩  申萍  李昌昊  武阳  石福品  李文广 《矿床地质》2020,39(5):805-824

查岗诺尔铁矿是新疆西天山阿吾拉勒铁矿带内的重要大型铁矿床之一。矿体赋存在下石炭统大哈拉军山组安山质火山岩中，与普遍发育的石榴子石化、阳起石化和绿帘石化时空关系密切。石榴子石和绿帘石分属不同热液成矿阶段，它们均发育丰富的环带结构，具体表现为明显地颜色、干涉色、背散射图像及成分（FeO、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、MnO、TiO₂）等差异性。石榴子石具有2个世代、3个类型。早世代石榴子石（Grt1和Grt2）产于块状石榴子石-磁铁矿蚀变岩，呈褐黄色，粒度较细，发育核-边结构，呈非均质性，显示异常干涉色，其核部（Grt1-c）均匀相对富钙铝榴石（Gro_51-53And_41-43Spr_4-8），而边部（Grt1-r）发育振荡成分环带，总体相对富钙铁榴石（Gro_18-35And_60-77Spr_4-6）；Grt2核部（Grt2-c）呈均质性，为钙铁榴石（And_99-100Spr_0-1），边部显异常干涉色，发育振荡成分环带，为钙铝铁榴石（Gro_34-54And_38-61Spr_6-9）。晚世代的石榴子石（Grt3）以细脉状或角砾胶结物形式分布，呈红褐色，自形粗粒结构，显非均质性，发育振荡成分环带，端员组分总体以钙铁榴石为主，次为钙铝榴石（Gro_27-43And_50-68Spr_3-8）。石榴子石结构和元素含量变化表明，早期石榴子石形成于弱氧化-氧化、中性-碱性流体体系，其中向边部生长过程，由于新注入流体以及周期性压力汇聚和释放，体系的氧逸度、pH值呈振荡变化；晚期石榴子石形成于弱氧化、弱碱性、动荡的开放流体环境。绿帘石发育3个世代（Ep1、Ep2和Ep3）。Ep1发育核-边结构，核部（Ep1-c）均匀无环带，X_Fe值（X_Fe=Fe³⁺/（Al+Fe³⁺），原子比值）为0.19~0.21，w（MnO）为0.05%~0.18%，w（TiO₂）为0.10%~0.12%，生长边（Ep1-r）多发育振荡环带，X_Fe值为0.26~0.29，w（MnO）为0.01%~0.14%，w（TiO₂）为0.19%~0.26%。Ep2沿Ep1-r边缘生长，不均匀且经历了溶解-再沉淀过程，X_Fe值为0.15~0.20，w（MnO）为0.42%~1.19%，w（TiO₂）为0.02%~0.07%。Ep3呈柱状或不规则粒状交代Ep2、贴近或穿切Ep1-r生长，较均匀、无环带结构，X_Fe值为0.28~0.37，w（MnO）为0.12%~0.77%，w（TiO₂）为0.02%~0.10%。绿帘石成分变化表明，从Ep1-c到Ep1-r，到Ep2，再到Ep3，流体体系氧逸度经历了先增加，后降低，再升高的变化过程。同时，流体成分也在变化，先从相对贫Ti和Mn向相对富Ti贫Mn演化，而后又变为富Mn贫Ti。因此，在热液磁铁矿矿化阶段，查岗诺尔铁矿的成矿热液的物理-化学环境是不断变化的。研究显示，石榴子石和绿帘石结构和成分研究可以刻画热液成矿系统的流体演化历史。  相似文献   

凤太矿集区东塘子铅锌矿床S、Pb同位素组成对成矿物质来源的示踪     

张革利  田涛  王瑞廷  高卫宏  常宗东 《中国地质》2020,47(2):472-484

东塘子铅锌矿床是秦岭成矿带中典型的铅锌矿床之一,前人对东塘子铅锌矿床成矿作用研究较多,但受限于测试手段及认识的局限性,多年来对其物质来源的认识仍未统一。本文在充分研究东塘子铅锌矿床地质特征的基础上,开展了相关样品的S、Pb同位素分析,分析对象包括了不同类型的铅锌矿石,讨论了该铅锌矿床的成矿物质来源、区内岩浆岩与铅锌成矿的关系等。研究表明:东塘子铅锌矿床矿石硫化物δ34S值变化范围为1.8‰～12.5‰,平均7.50‰,计算获得成矿流体中总硫δ34S∑S为7.7‰,显示海水硫酸盐(蒸发膏岩)与岩浆硫的混合来源特征。矿石铅同位素组成稳定,铅源主要来自富U-Th-Pb的上地壳与深部,可能与深部岩浆活动有关。研究结果表明,东塘子铅锌矿床的成矿过程与南秦岭印支期大规模多阶段构造-岩浆-流体活动密切相关,为下一阶段区内找矿工作提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

BDS卫星差分码偏差稳定性分析及其短期预报     

梅登奎  闻德保 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(7):746-750

利用MGEX(multi-GNSS experiment)发布的BDS卫星差分码偏差(differential code bias, DCB)产品，比较分析不同太阳活动水平下BDS卫星DCB产品的稳定性变化特性，并采用差分自回归移动平均(auto-regressive integrated moving average, ARIMA)时间序列预测模型，实现不同太阳活动水平下BDS卫星DCB的短期预报。结果表明，在太阳活动高年，BDS卫星DCB日解值稳定度、月稳定性均明显低于太阳活动低年，且不同卫星星座类型的BDS卫星DCB稳定性也存在差异；ARIMA时间序列预报结果与MGEX发布值符合程度较好，优于多项式拟合法预测结果。  相似文献