排序方式： 共有7条查询结果，搜索用时 18 毫秒
1
1.
2.
A global ocean biogeochemistry general circulation model and its simulations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 An ocean biogeochemistry model was developed and incorporated into a global ocean general circulation model (LICOM) to form an ocean biogeochemistry general circulation model (OBGCM). The model was used to study the natural carbon cycle and the uptake and storage of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean. A global export production of 12.5 Pg C yr-1 was obtained. The model estimated that in the pre-industrial era the global equatorial region within 15o of the equator released 0.97 Pg C yr-1 to the atmosphere, which was balanced by the gain of CO2 in other regions. The post-industrial air-sea CO2 flux indicated the oceanic uptake of CO2 emitted by human activities. An increase of 20－50 mol kg-1 for surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations in the 1990s relative to pre-industrial times was obtained in the simulation, which was consistent with data-based estimates. The model generated a total anthropogenic carbon inventory of 105 Pg C as of 1994, which was within the range of estimates by other researchers. Various transports of both natural and anthropogenic DIC as well as labile dissolved organic carbon (LDOC) were estimated from the simulation. It was realized that the Southern Ocean and the high-latitude region of the North Pacific are important export regions where accumulative air-sea CO2 fluxes are larger than the DIC inventory, whereas the subtropical regions are acceptance regions. The interhemispheric transport of total natural carbon (DIC+LDOC) was found to be northward (0.11 Pg C yr-1), which was just balanced by the gain of carbon from the atmosphere in the Southern Hemisphere. 相似文献
3.
The Sea Level Anomaly-Torque (SLAT, relative to a reference location in the Pacific Ocean), which means the total torque of the gravity forces of sea waters with depths equal to the Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) in the tropical Pacific Ocean, is defined in this study. The time series of the SLAT from merged altimeter data (1993-2003) had a great meridional variation during the 1997-1998 El Ni(n)o event. By using historical upper layer temperature data (1955-2003) for the tropical Pacific Ocean, the temperature-based SLAT is also calculated and the meridional variation can be found in the historical El Ni(n)o events (1955-2003), which suggests that the meridional shifts of the sea level anomaly are also intrinsic oscillating modes of the El Ni(n)o cycles like the zonal shifts. 相似文献
4.
Combination of estimated water transport and accurate measurements of total carbon dioxide (TCO2) on a hydrographic section at 58 °N allows the assessment of meridional inorganic carbon transport in the northern North Atlantic Ocean. The transport has been decomposed into contributions from the large-scale baroclinic overturning, the Ekman transport, baroclinic and a barotropic eddy terms, and an estimated contribution of the East Greenland Current. These terms are −0.27 · 106, +0.03 · 106, +0.03 · 106, +0.10 · 106, and +0.05 · 106 mol s−1, respectively, which result in a total southward inorganic carbon transport of only −0.06 · 106 mol s−1. An order of magnitude estimate of the meridional transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) has shown that in general this term cannot be ignored in the total carbon flux, this being +0.04 · 106 to +0.16 · 106 mol s−1 at 58 °N. A simple carbon budget has been formulated for the temperate North Atlantic, using our flux estimates as well as those of Brewer et al. (1989). This budget shows that the divergence of the meridional carbon flux, connected with the freshwater balance of the ocean may be of the same order of magnitude as the divergence of the total inorganic carbon flux. For an accurate estimate of the total carbon budget of the ocean it will be necessary to take both the DOC transport and the effects of the freshwater balance into account. 相似文献
5.
太平洋内部副热带-热带经向翻转环流(subtropical-tropical cell,STC)是连接热带和副热带的海洋通道。由于以往海洋观测资料的匮乏,前人多利用海洋模式数据进行研究,且仅限于沿单一纬度上的STC的分析,较少涉及沿不同纬度的STC的季节变异规律。利用地转海洋学实时观测阵(array forreal-time geostrophic oceanography,Argo)温盐数据、海洋再分析数据GODAS(global ocean data assimilation system)、SODA3.4.2(simple ocean data assimilation 3.4.2)、ORAS5(ocean reanalysis system5)和大气再分析数据NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction)等研究了沿不同纬度的STC的季节变异规律及其机制。结果显示:沿10°~2°S和2°~6°N,STC春季强,夏秋弱;沿7°~15°N,STC夏季偏强,冬季偏弱;沿15°~11°S,STC冬季偏强,夏季偏弱。STC季节变化主要由表面风场和西传Rossby波驱动,且在不同纬度,二者相对贡献存在差异:在10°S~6°N,STC的季节变化基本与风场季节变化一致,风场直接驱动是STC季节变化的主要因素;在15°~11°S以及7°~10°N,STC变化滞后风场3~4个月,在11°~15°N,STC变化滞后风场9个月,因此,西传Rossby波较局地风场对STC季节变化的贡献更大。本研究对于深入理解STC的变异规律及其对热带海洋气候变化的影响具有重要意义,多源海洋再分析数据的诊断对比分析也为大洋环流研究提供了重要参考。 相似文献
6.
利用非Boussinesq近似下MOM4p1的全球大洋环流预后模式,采用真实地形,以静止状态为初始条件,进行了1 400a积分,以研究平衡状态下大洋环流的结构。模式由月平均气候态强迫场驱动,包括192×189个水平网格和压力坐标下的31个垂直层次。着重研究达到平衡状态后,各洋际通道处的质量、热量输运和补偿及其在全球大洋环流中的作用。根据动能演变特征表明,积分过程分为3个阶段:风海流的成长及准稳定状态;热盐环流的成长过程以及热盐环流的稳定状态;由静止状态冷启动达到热盐环流的稳定状态,积分过程必须在千年以上。模式结果再现了从白令海峡到格陵兰海的北冰洋贯穿流和印度尼西亚贯穿流,并用已有观测资料对它们进行对比。分析表明,海面的倾斜结构是形成太平洋-北冰洋-大西洋贯穿流和印尼贯穿流的主要动力机制。分析指出,尽管在北大西洋存在1.4×106 m3/s的南向体积输运,但其热量输运却是北向的并达到1015 W量级,其原因是北向的上层海流温度远高于北大西洋深层水向南的回流。文章分析了经向体积和热量输运对北大西洋深层水补偿来源及大西洋经向翻转环流的贡献。模拟所得洋际交换的量值可以由经向补偿予以合理解释,并得到以往实测与数模结果的支持。洋际通道处的体积和热量交换突出体现了其在大洋传送带系统中的枢纽作用。 相似文献
7.
Summer (June–August) mean zonal and meridional wind components at 200 mbar level are subjected to harmonic analysis for the
years 1970, 1971, 1972 and 1979. It is found that the small scale disturbances are intense during normal monsoon years. The
westerlies in the belt 10°S to 30°S are stronger during drought years. During normal monsoon years (1970, 1971) the northward
transport of westerly momentum by wave number 1 at 19.6°N is large as compared to drought years (1972, 1979). The transport
of westerly momentum by standing eddies is northward for all the years between 5°S and 28.7°N but large during the normal
monsoon years. 相似文献
1