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采用不同培养基和泥样加热方法,从红岛仿刺参养殖区泥样中分离出27株可培养细菌,对其进行16SrRNA基因序列分析。发现海泥中可培养细菌多分布于γ-变形菌纲(γ-proteobacteria)(占总菌数的71.4%),其中包括假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、弧菌属(Vibrio)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)等;80℃加热处理20min,海泥中可培养细菌多属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。人工浸泡感染实验发现,泥样中灿烂弧菌LJ08(Vibrio splendidus)对仿刺参幼参具有致病性。泥样中分离获得的可培养细菌经安全性、抑菌活性和毒性检测,筛选出对灿烂弧菌LJ08有明显抑菌作用的LJ03、LJ04和LJ06并用其进行人工拮抗实验。统计分析显示,添加LJ03和LJ06拮抗组的累计排脏率分别为(36.11±4.81)%和(2.78±4.81)%,与仅添加灿烂弧菌LJ08的阳性对照组差异显著(P0.05)。结果表明,LJ03和LJ06具有很好保护仿刺参幼参的作用,尤其LJ06对仿刺参幼参的排脏保护率达104.7%。作为拮抗灿烂弧菌的潜在有益菌,LJ06在仿刺参养殖中将有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Dissected tissues of three shellfish species,the Chinese scallop,Chlamys farreri,Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum,and Razor shell,Solen strictu were evaluated for in vitro transformation of paralytic shellfish poisoning(PSP) toxins. Tissue homogenates were incubated with extraction from toxic algae Alexandrium minutum to determine toxin conversion. The effects of heating and addition of a natural reductant(glutathione) on toxin conversion were also assessed. The toxin profile was investigated through high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection(HPLC-FLD) . The evident variations in the toxin content were observed only in Chinese scallop viscera homogenates. The concentration of GTX4 was reduced by 45%(approximately 0.8 μmol/dm 3 ) and 25%(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) for GTX1,while GTX2 and GTX3 increased by six times(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) and 3 times(approximately 0.3 μmol/dm 3 ) respectively. Simultaneously,the total toxicity decreased by 38% during the 48 h incubation period,the final toxicity was 20.4 nmol STXeq/g. Furthermore,heated Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with non-heated samples. The concentration of the GTX4 and GTX1 was clearly 28%(approximately 0.53 μmol/dm 3 ) and 17%(approximately 0.69 μmol/dm 3 ) higher in heated samples,GTX2 and GTX3 were four times(0.66 μmol/dm 3 ) and two times(0.187 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively. GSH(+) Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with GSH(-) samples,the concentration in the GTX4 and GTX1 was 9%(approximately 0.12 μmol/dm 3 ) and 11%(approximately 0.36 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively,GTX2 and GTX3 was 17%(approximately 0.14 μmol/dm 3 ) and 19%(approximately 0.006 μmol/dm 3 ) higher respectively. In contrast,there was a little change in the concentration of PSP toxins of Manila clam and Razor shell tissue homogenates. These observations on three shellfish tissues confirmed that there were species-specific differences in PSP toxins transformation. PSP toxins transformation was more pronounced in viscera tissue than in muscle tissue. PSP toxins was possibly interfered by some carbamoylase enzyme,and the activity in Chinese scallop viscera tissue is more remarkable than in the other two species. 相似文献
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为了能够有效利用糙刺参内脏蛋白,以水解度为主要指标,对酶解蛋白酶进行了筛选,并系统研究了酶解温度、p H、加酶量和水解时间等单因素对水解度的影响。在此基础上,利用响应面中心组合设计实验,对酶解工艺进行了优化,得到以温度、p H、加酶量及水解时间为因子的二次方程,通过方差分析和验证性实验得出,此二次方程能较好反应海参内脏团蛋白水解度的变化规律,得到最佳水解条件为:温度52.66℃,p H 6.71,加酶量2.5%(质量分数),酶解时间10 h,预测最高水解度为49.58%。最佳酶解条件下所得多肽74%以上分子质量小于500 Da。利用DPPH法测定最佳条件酶解所得多肽的抗氧化活性,3 g/L的抗氧化率达到了24.8%,利用ABTS法测定最佳条件酶解所得多肽的抗氧化活性,3 g/L的抗氧化率达到了0.255μmol/g。为海参内脏蛋白的利用提供了参考。 相似文献
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The fry of Galaxias fasciatus Gray were recorded for the first time, being carried downstream on a flood. Attempts to rear the fry in tanks in fresh and in salt water were unsuccessful, but those kept in salt water began to feed and survived for several weeks. 相似文献
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探究引起大黄鱼幼鱼同生群内不同增重性能子群间脏器生理差异的主因, 揭示造成各子群间生存适应对策和增重机制分化的内在逻辑, 对于精选大黄鱼幼鱼优质增殖放流群体和指导大黄鱼科学高效养殖具重要现实意义。随机捞取宁波市象山西沪港海域内经板式网箱养殖3个月的3 000尾大黄鱼同生群幼鱼, 停食2d后按体质量由大到小依次分为A [体质量(3.45±0.43) g, 出现率5%]、B [体质量(2.60±0.18) g, 出现率20%]、C [体质量(2.00±0.21) g, 出现率50%]、D [体质量(1.22±0.23) g, 出现率20%]、E [体质量(0.74±0.04) g, 出现率5%]等5个子群。在测量并统计脏器比例性状(鳃系数、内脏系数、内脏净重比、鳃净重比和鳃脏比)的基础上, 较系统开展了不同增重性能子群间耗氧率、窒息点、内脏和鳃组织相关功能酶活力的差异。结果表明: (1) 鳃系数、内脏系数和日均耗氧率的显著高企(P<0.05)均可导致大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能的明显下降; (2) 耗氧昼夜节律的分化是引起大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能发生明显改变的主因, 具体表现为A、B子群的昼均耗氧率显著大于夜均耗氧率(P<0.05),以及E子群的日均耗氧率与昼均和夜均耗氧率均无显著差异(P>0.05); (3) 耗氧率性状聚类和脏器比例性状聚类分别对甄别C、E子群具良好的辨识效果; (4) 随着窒息点水中含氧量的趋势性提高, 大黄鱼幼鱼的增重性能将表露出极明显的减弱效应, 其中与E子群窒息点水中含氧量具显著差异(P<0.05)的仅为A、B子群, 呈E>A≈B; (5) 内脏消化酶和磷酸酶中, 酶活力与大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能排序吻合度最高的分别为淀粉酶和AKP,前者随增重性能增强呈趋势性增加,后者则呈A<B<C<D<E (P<0.05); ATP酶中, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase酶活力无组间差异(P>0.05), Na+/K+-ATPase酶活力除A显著大于D、E子群(P<0.05)外, 其余子群间均无显著差异(P>0.05); (6) 鳃SOD、CAT和POD中, 酶活力与大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能排序吻合度最高的为SOD, 呈A>B>C≈D≈E, Na+/K+-ATPase和Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase酶活力均呈A>B≈C>D≈E。上述研究可为大黄鱼生长性能评价体系构建和指导速生品种(品系)选择育种提供科学依据。 相似文献
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许家亮 《CT理论与应用研究》2001,10(2):24-26
目的：进一步提高对腹部实质性器官损伤的CT表现的认识水平，方法：56例经临床、手术证实的腹部外伤患者，男43例，女13例，年龄7－58岁，平均年龄23．2岁，全部行中上腹部CT平扫。结果：56例中，脾挫裂伤23例，脾包膜下血肿5例，脾内血肿4例；肝挫裂伤并包膜下血肿4例，肝内血肿3例：肝脾破裂并包膜下血肿5例，肾挫裂伤2例，肾包膜下血肿3例，肾内血肿3例，胰腺挫伤1例，肾上腺挫伤2例。结论：CT平均对腹部实质性器官的损伤有重要作用，肝实质局限性受压是包膜下血肿与腹腔积血的较为特征性征象。 相似文献
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目的:探讨128层螺旋CT在腹部空腔器穿孔定位诊断中的价值。方法:回顾性分析60例腹部空腔器穿孔的CT表现,并结合文献总结其CT特征。结果:所有病例均经临床及手术证实。胃、十二指肠破裂穿孔23例,空回肠破裂穿孔13例,结肠破裂穿孔20例,阑尾炎穿孔3例,另1例子宫穿孔。CT表现为腹腔游离气体、局限性腔外小气泡征、腹腔积液、胃肠壁节段性增厚、胃肠道壁周脂肪间筋膜增厚条索状影等。结论:128层螺旋CT对临床提供及时准确诊断,对明确穿孔部位及合并症提供重要的临床价值。 相似文献
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以马氏珠母贝 ( Pinctada martensis( Dunder) )全脏器为原料 ,经丙酮脱脂、酶解、脱色、醇沉、干燥后 ,得糖胺聚糖粗制品。用正交试验优选出酶解与醇沉条件。该糖胺聚糖粗提物对体外培养 HL - 60细胞有一定杀伤作用。 相似文献
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选取我国四大矿区主产地的温石棉,制备成粒径小于10μm的可吸入纤维,采用非暴露式气管滴注法染毒Wistar雄性大鼠,分别于1、3及6个月时称重并处死,迅速分离肺组织,观察肺形态并称量,计算肺脏器系数,并采用HE染色法利用光学显微镜观察肺组织病理改变,RT-PCR法测定p53、p16基因表达,探讨我国温石棉可吸入纤维的生物安全性。结果表明,四大主矿区的温石棉纤维粒度基本小于10μm,符合可吸入纤维粉尘标准,研磨前后纤维粉尘的结构和活性基团无破坏;染毒组Wistar大鼠体重明显减轻,肺重量显著增加,肺脏器系数变大;染毒组Wistar大鼠肺组织发生严重病理改变,出现不同程度的充血、水肿、炎性细胞浸润和纤维增生;染毒组Wistar大鼠肺p53、p16基因表达均降低。综合以上结果,发现我国四大主矿区温石棉的可吸入纤维粉尘均对Wistar大鼠肺组织呈不同程度和方式损伤。随着染毒时间延长,Wistar大鼠肺组织的抑癌基因p53、p16表达显著降低,推测我国四大矿区温石棉的可吸入纤维粉尘具有致肺癌的风险。 相似文献
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