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C.-S. Chiou H.-W. Chen Z.-T. Chen 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(9):1879-1886
The extensive use of Rhodamine B (RhB) for textile, paper, pigment, food, cosmetic, and drug manufacturing and its indiscriminate disposal leads to serious human, biological, and environmental hazards. A magnetic adsorbent with silicate and phenyl polymers (Ph/SiO2/Fe3O4) has been prepared to absorb RhB. The morphology and structure of the adsorbents have been characterized by TGA, XRD, FTIR, and adsorption–desorption measurement. The results revealed that Ph/SiO2/Fe3O4 exhibited a paramagnetic behavior and could easily and quickly be separated from a suspension. The RhB adsorption behavior was almost pH independent due to the adsorption between the phenyl ring of Ph/SiO2/Fe3O4 and RhB by π–π electron-donor–acceptor interactions. The adsorption behavior of RhB adsorption was in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 142.186 mg g?1. Good desorption performance of Ph/SiO2/Fe3O4 showed that this novel magnetic adsorbent cannot only be activated by ethanol extraction process but also reuse by the recovery of magnetic force. 相似文献
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Jiunn-Shyang Chiou Zhi-Wei Xu Cheng-Chang Tsai Jin-Hung Hwang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(5):554-563
Lateral cyclic load tests were performed on an aluminum model pile in dry sand. Two levels of loading were adopted to represent different service load conditions. The maximum number of loading cycles was 1,000. From the test results, it was found that the even though in the service load condition, the pile response was still affected by cyclic effects and a larger load level would produce more significant influence. In a global point of view, the lateral displacement and maximum moment increased with loading cycles, while the secant stiffness within a cycle decreased with cycles. The cyclic effect was more significant on the lateral displacement than on the moment. In a local point of view, cyclic loading would degrade the equivalent subgrade stiffness for the soil shallower than about seven times diameter. In addition, the secant subgrade stiffness within a cycle increased with loading cycles. Some experimental relationships of lateral pile response and loading cycles were built and compared with those in the literature. 相似文献
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K.Y. Chang S.S. He C.C. Chou S.L. Kao A.S. Chiou 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(8):1375-1393
To plan undeveloped optimal routes between Asia and Europe via the Arctic Northeast Passages using a 3D geographic information system (GIS), voyage paths are simulated in a 3D visual form. This ensures that the distances are calculated accurately, and that other voyage data such as water depths, sea ice distribution, and seashore topology are also easily deciphered, giving a more direct and clear demonstration compared to simplified presentations on an Electronic Chart Display & Information System (ECDIS). This article also implements a higher-geometry maze router in ice zone areas to obtain the optimal path in relation to safety and costs. This article compares the optimal Arctic Northeast Passages with traditional routes through the Suez Canal for dynamic analyses of the cost efficiency (including time costs, fuel costs, and other factors) of travel between major ports in Asia and Europe. The average benefit assessment is around 30–45% in a bulk carrier comparison. Thus, a 3D GIS can easily obtain and demonstrate safe navigation routes, providing a very convenient tool for initial planning. 相似文献
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Mei-Ying Lin Wen-Yih Sun Ming-Da Chiou Chih-Ying Chen Hao-Yuan Cheng Cheng-Hsin Chen 《Ocean Dynamics》2018,68(8):1025-1049
An operational storm surge forecasting system aimed at providing warning information for storm surges has been developed and evaluated using four typhoon events. The warning system triggered by typhoon forecasts from Taiwan Cooperative Precipitation Ensemble Forecast Experiment (TAPEX) has been executed with two storm surge forecasting scenarios with and without tides. Three numerical experiments applying different meteorological inputs have been designed to assess the impact of typhoon forcing on storm surges. One uses synthetic wind fields, and the others use realistic wind fields with and without adjustments to the initial wind fields for the background circulation. Local observations from Central Weather Bureau (CWB) weather stations and tide gauge stations are used to evaluate the wind fields and storm surges from our numerical experiments. The comparison results show that the accuracy of the storm surge forecast is dominated by the track, the intensity, and the driving flow of a typhoon. When the structure of a typhoon is disturbed by Taiwan’s topography, using meteorological inputs from real wind fields can result in a better typhoon simulation than using inputs from synthetic wind fields. The driving flow also determines the impact of topography on typhoon movement. For quickly moving typhoons, storm forcing from TAPEX is reliable when a typhoon is strong enough to be relatively unaffected by environmental flows; otherwise, storm forcing from a sophisticated typhoon initialization scheme that better simulates the typhoon and environmental flows results in a more accurate prediction of storm surges. Therefore, when a typhoon moves slowly and interacts more with the topography and environmental flows, incorporating realistic wind fields with adjustments to the initial wind fields for the background circulation in the warning system will obtain better predictions for a typhoon and its resultant storm surges. 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional finite element model that can simulate the caisson foundation behavior in gravelly soil. The soil model adopts a combination of the... 相似文献
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In this study, seven types of first‐order and one‐variable grey differential equation model (abbreviated as GM (1, 1) model) were used to forecast hourly roadside particulate matter (PM) including PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Taipei County of Taiwan. Their forecasting performance was also compared. The results indicated that the minimum mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and maximum correlation coefficient (R) was 11.70%, 60.06, 7.75, and 0.90%, respectively when forecasting PM10. When forecasting PM2.5, the minimum MAPE, MSE, RMSE, and maximum R‐value of 16.33%, 29.78, 5.46, and 0.90, respectively could be achieved. All statistical values revealed that the forecasting performance of GM (1, 1, x(0)), GM (1, 1, a), and GM (1, 1, b) outperformed other GM (1, 1) models. According to the results, it revealed that GM (1, 1) was an efficiently early warning tool for providing PM information to the roadside inhabitants. 相似文献
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This paper presents the establishment of an empirical HC model for estimating rock mass hydraulic conductivity of highly disturbed clastic sedimentary rocks in Taiwan using high-resolution borehole acoustic televiewer and double packer hydraulic tests. Four geological parameters including rock quality designation (RQD), depth index (DI), gouge content designation (GCD), and lithology permeability index (LPI) were adopted for establishing the empirical HC model. To verify rationality of the proposed HC model, 22 in-situ hydraulic tests were carried out to measure the hydraulic conductivity of the highly disturbed clastic sedimentary rocks in three boreholes at two different locations in Taiwan. Besides, the model verification using another borehole data with four additional in-situ hydraulic tests from similar clastic sedimentary rocks was also conducted to further verify the feasibility of the proposed empirical HC model. The field results indicated that the rock mass in the study area has a conductivity between the order of 10− 10 m/s and 10− 6 m/s at the depth between 34 m and 275 m below ground surface. Results demonstrate that the empirical HC model may provide a useful tool to predict hydraulic conductivity of the highly disturbed clastic sedimentary rocks in Taiwan based on measured HC-values. 相似文献
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This paper reports the results of cyclic loading tests performed on four specimens consisting of reinforced concrete frames with brick infill walls. The brick infill is pre‐laid, followed by the cast in‐place RC columns and beams. Test parameters include the height‐to‐length ratio of the brick infill wall and the mortar compressive strength. Test results reveal that the in‐plane lateral strength of brick infill wall is related to the fracture path. The fracture path for brick infill walls with large height‐to‐length ratios includes bed joints, cross joints, and vertical splitting of bricks. As a result, the lateral strength of this type of brick infill wall is larger. In comparison, the fracture path for brick infill walls with small height‐to‐length ratios only passes through joints, which is the reason why they have lower lateral strength. Mortar with higher strength improves the lateral strength of brick infill wall. In addition to presenting experimental observations in detail, this paper compares the test results with those obtained from existing methods for assessment of seismic resistance. Comments and recommendations are offered with respect to the capabilities of the assessment methods in predicting stiffness, strength, and ultimate deformation capacity of brick infill walls. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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D. E. Juang Ph.D. C. S. Yuan Ph.D. S. C. Hsueh M.Sc. L. J. Chiou M.Sc. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2009,6(1):91-104
The objectives of this study were to investigate the species and the concentration distribution of volatile organic compounds around a heavily polluted river. Air samples were collected seasonally at different locations near the polluted river. Samples were then analyzed by gas chromatography (electron capture detector for chlorinated organic compounds and flame ionization detector for ordinary hydrocarbons). The data was then analyzed by the statistical product and service solutions software. The results showed that total of 26 species of volatile organic compounds were identified. Each individual had its own concentration distribution pattern at different seasons and aliphatic volatile organic compounds displayed much higher concentrations than most benzenoic volatile organic compounds. In aliphatic volatile organic compounds, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, hexachlorobutadiene and 1,2-dibromoetane had much higher concentrations at the nearby environment of the river and they have been claimed to be carcinogenic to some experimental animals and possibly to human. Therefore, It is in doubt that for a long term, the volatile organic compounds evaporating out of the stream may threat the health of the residents living very close to the river. The concentrations of tetrachloroethene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, hexachlorobutadiene, dibromoetane, dichlorobenzene and sec-butylbenzene appeared at the nearby environment of the river had significant correlations (P < 0.05) with those of each other or many other volatile organic compounds. 相似文献