Exposure age,terrestrial age and pre‐atmospheric radius of the Chinguetti mesosiderite: Not part of a much larger mass     

K. C. WELTEN  P. A. BLAND  S. S. RUSSELL  M. M. GRADY  M. W. CAFFEE  J. MASARIK  A. J. T. JULL  H. W. WEBER  L. SCHULTZ 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2001,36(7):939-946

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Farey reprinted     

TREVOR D. FORD 《Geology Today》1992,8(5):174-175

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柴达木盆地北缘古生代超高压带中花岗质岩浆作用   总被引：38，自引：0，他引：38  

吴才来  杨经绥  许志琴  Joseph L.WOODEN  Trevor IRELAND  李海兵  史仁灯  孟繁聪  陈松永  Harold PERSING  Anders MEIBOM 《地质学报》2004,78(5):658-674

祁连南缘古生代超高压变质带 (榴辉岩年龄为 4 6 6～ 4 95 Ma)上一套中高级变质岩系 (达肯大坂片麻岩 )中存在三类花岗岩组合 : 类 :石英二长闪长岩 -花岗闪长岩 -二长花岗岩 , 类 :二长花岗岩 -二云母花岗岩-含白云母花岗岩 -正长花岗岩 , 类 :花岗闪长岩 -二长花岗岩 -黑云母花岗岩。 类岩石组合中的二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP年龄为 4 73Ma, 类岩石组合中的正长花岗岩锆石 SHRIMP年龄为 4 4 6 Ma, 类岩石组合中的二长花岗岩锆石 SHRIMP年龄为 397Ma。从三类花岗岩组合的组成矿物来看 , 类和 类的矿物组合主要为斜长石、角闪石、石英、碱性长石、黑云母 , 类的矿物组合为钾长石、石英、白云母、黑云母、斜长石 ;从岩石地球化学特征上看 , 类和 类花岗岩为 型花岗岩 ,岩石的 Si O2 =6 1%～ 6 9% ,Na2 O/ K2 O>1,ANK<1,δEu=0 .7～ 1.0 ; 类花岗岩为 S型花岗岩 ,岩石的 Si O2 =70 %～ 76 % ,Na2 O/ K2 O<1,ANK>1,δEu=0 .1～ 0 .3;从构造环境上看 , 类花岗岩形成于岛弧环境或活动大陆边缘 , 类花岗岩形成于同碰撞 , 类花岗岩形成于碰撞后。结合区域地质特征 ,我们认为 ,早奥陶世 ,南祁连洋板块向北俯冲于祁连陆块之下 ,规模不大的南祁连洋很快闭合 ,但俯冲下去的大洋板块仍拖动柴达木陆块继续俯冲 ,俯冲  相似文献   

The genesis of the silica sands of Black River, St Elizabeth, Jamaica     

TREVOR A. JACKSON  JENNIFER WEST-THOMAS† 《Sedimentology》1994,41(4):777-786

The only reported occurrence of quartz-rich sands in Jamaica is on the plains of Black River, St Elizabeth, where they outcrop in isolated pockets. The sands overlie limestones of the White Limestone Supergroup and the Coastal Group, and partly underlie Holocene peat deposits. Monocrystalline quartz, containing fluid and mineral inclusions, is the dominant mineral of the sands, with the heavy minerals. magnetite, haematite, epidote, rutile, anatase, zircon and tourmaline, occurring in minor amounts. Grain surface texture studies of the quartz grains have identified a series of mechanical and chemical features. Microtextures depicting marine, aeolian and pedological environments have been retained on the grains and represent the last three stages in the history of the grains. The petrography of the sands indicates an igneous provenance, with the major source of the detrital minerals being the Cretaceous granitoids that outcrop in the eastern half of the island. These rocks were unroofed during the uplift of Jamaica in the Late Tertiary and were subjected to extensive chemical weathering, which accounted for the breakdown of the majority of their primary silicate minerals. Fluvial transportation and deposition of detritus onto the shelf of the south coast commenced during this period and continued into the Pleistocene, providing terrigenous sand that was modified along the coast to quartz arenite by moderate to high energy marine conditions. Tidal currents, east-west longshore currents and weathering contributed to the maturity of the sand by the time it had been transported along the shelf to the vicinity of Black River. During low sea level stands in the Pleistocene, some of this sediment that became trapped on the shelf was blown inland by south-east winds.  相似文献   

祁连南缘花岗岩和榴辉岩之间的关系：嗷唠山花岗岩SHRIMP锆石年龄证据   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

吴才来  Jong  WOODEN 《地质学报》2002,76(1):106-106

祁连南缘嗷唠山花岗岩锆石的SHRIMP年龄变化于445～496Ma之间,平均为 473 Ma,属早奥陶世。年龄值的统计出现两个峰值,第一个峰值与区内榴辉岩的相同(495 Ma),可能反映花岗岩源岩的部分熔融时代,第二个年龄峰值可能反映了花岗质岩浆的冷凝结晶时代(465 Ma)。该花岗岩的岩石地球化学特征类似于Ⅰ型花岗岩,有关构造环境判别图解得出,该花岗岩类似于岛弧或活动陆缘环境。结合区域地质特征和花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄特征,我们认为,早奥  相似文献   

Peridotite Melting at 1 GPa: Reversal Experiments on Partial Melt Compositions Produced by Peridotite-Basalt Sandwich Experiments   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

FALLOON  TREVOR J.; DANYUSHEVSKY  LEONID V.; GREEN  DAVID H. 《Journal of Petrology》2001,42(12):2363-2390

One of the goals of igneous petrology is to use the subtle andmore obvious differences in the geochemistry of primitive basaltsto place constraints on mantle composition, melting conditionsand dynamics of mantle upwelling and melt extraction. For thisgoal to be achieved, our first-order understanding of mantlemelting must be refined by high-quality, systematic data oncorrelated melt and residual phase compositions under knownpressures and temperatures. Discrepancies in earlier data onmelt compositions from a fertile mantle composition [MORB (mid-oceanridge basalt) Pyrolite mg-number 87] and refractory lherzolite(Tinaquillo Lherzolite mg-number 90) are resolved here. Errorsin earlier data resulted from drift of W/Re thermocouples at1 GPa and access of water, lowering liquidus temperatures by30–80°C. We demonstrate the suitability of the ‘sandwich’technique for determining the compositions of multiphase-saturatedliquids in lherzolite, provided fine-grained sintered oxidemixes are used as the peridotite starting materials, and thechanges in bulk composition are considered. Compositions ofliquids in equilibrium with lherzolitic to harzburgitic residueat 1 GPa, 1300–1450°C in the two lherzolite compositionsare reported. Melt compositions are olivine + hypersthene-normative(olivine tholeiites) with the more refractory composition producinga lower melt fraction (7–8% at 1300°C) compared withthe model MORB source (18–20% at 1300°C). KEY WORDS: mantle melting; sandwich experiments; reversal experiments; anhydrous peridotite melting; thermocouple oxidation; olivine geothermometry  相似文献   

The Burnwell,Kentucky, low iron oxide chondrite fall: Description,classification and origin     

SARA S. RUSSELL  TIMOTHY J. McCOY  EUGENE JAROSEWICH  RICHARD D. ASH 《Meteoritics & planetary science》1998,33(4):853-856

Abstract— The Burnwell, Kentucky, meteorite fell as a single stone on 1990 September 4. The Burnwell meteorite has lower Fa in olivine (15.8 mol%), Fs in orthopyroxene (13.4 mol%), Co in kamacite (0.36 wt%), FeO from bulk chemical analysis (9.43 wt%), and Δ¹⁷O (0.51 ± 0.02%), and higher Fe, Ni, Co metal (19.75 wt% from bulk wet chemical analysis) than observed in H chondrites. The Burnwell meteorite plots on extensions of H-L-LL chondrite trends for each of these properties towards more reducing compositions than in H chondrites. Extensions of this trend have been previously suggested in the case of other low-FeO chondrites or silicate inclusions in the HE iron Netschaëvo, but interpretation of the evidence in these meteorites is complicated by terrestrial weathering, chemical disequilibrium or reduction. In contrast, the Burn-well meteorite is an equilibrated fall that exhibits no evidence for reduction. As such, it provides the first definitive evidence for extension of the H-L-LL ordinary chondrite trend beyond typical H values towards more reducing compositions.  相似文献   

Convection forced by a descending dry layer and low-level moist convergence     

ANDREW RUSSELL  GERAINT VAUGHAN  EMILY G. NORTON  HUGO M. A. RICKETTS  CYRIL J. MORCRETTE  TIM J. HEWISON  KEITH. A. BROWNING  ALAN M. BLYTH 《地球，A辑:动力气象学与海洋学》2009,61(2):250-263

A narrow line of convective showers was observed over southern England on 18 July 2005 during the Convective Storm Initiation Project (CSIP). The showers formed behind a cold front (CF), beneath two apparently descending dry layers (i.e. sloping so that they descended relative to the instruments observing them). The lowermost dry layer was associated with a tropopause fold from a depression, which formed 2 d earlier from a breaking Rossby wave, located northwest of the UK. The uppermost dry layer had fragmented from the original streamer due to rotation around the depression (This rotation was also responsible for the observations of apparent descent—ascent would otherwise be seen behind a CF). The lowermost dry layer descended over the UK and overran higher  θ _w   air beneath it, resulting in potential instability. Combined with a surface convergence line (which triggered the convection but had less impact on the convective available potential energy than the potential instability), convection was forced up to 5.5 km where the uppermost dry layer capped it. The period when convection was possible was very short, thus explaining the narrowness of the shower band. Convective Storm Initiation Project observations and model data are presented to illustrate the unique processes in this case.  相似文献   

Preparing For Hyperseed MAC: An Observing Campaign To Monitor The Entry Of The Genesis Sample Return Capsule     

PETER JENNISKENS  PAUL WERCINSKI  JOE OLEJNICZAK  GARY ALLEN  PRASUN N. DESAI  GEORGE RAICHE  DEAN KONTINOS  DOUG REVELLE  JASON HATTON  RICHARD L. BAKER  RAY W. RUSSELL  MIKE TAYLOR  FRANS RIETMEIJER 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2004,95(1-4):339-360

The imminent return of the Genesis Sample Return Capsule (SRC) from the Earth’s L1 point on September 8, 2004, represents the first opportunity since the Apollo era to study the atmospheric entry of a meter-sized body at or above the Earth’s escape speed. Until now, reentry heating models are based on only one successful reentry with an instrumented vehicle at higher than escape speed, the 22 May 1965 NASA “FIRE 2” experiment. In preparation of an instrumented airborne and ground-based observing campaign, we examined the expected bolide radiation for the reentry of the Genesis SRC. We find that the expected emission spectrum consists mostly of blackbody emission from the SRC surface (T∼ ∼2630 K@peak heating), slightly skewed in shape because of a range of surface temperatures. At high enough spectral resolution, shock emission from nitrogen and oxygen atoms, as well as the first positive and first negative bands of N₂⁺, will stand out above this continuum. Carbon atom lines and the 389-nm CN band emission may also be detected, as well as the mid-IR 4.6-μm CO band. The ablation rate can be studied from the signature of trace sodium in the heat shield material, calibrated by the total amount of matter lost from the recovered shield. A pristine collection of the heat shield would also permit the sampling of products of ablation.  相似文献   

An examination of the precipitation delivery mechanisms for Dolleman Island, eastern Antarctic Peninsula     

ANDREW RUSSELL  GLENN R. MCGREGOR  GARETH J. MARSHALL 《地球，A辑:动力气象学与海洋学》2004,56(5):501-513

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