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Environmental Properties of Minerals and Contaminants Purified by the Mineralogical Method 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The investigation of the environmental properties of minerals, i.e., environmental mineralogy, is a branch of science dealing with interactions between natural minerals and spheres of the Earth surface as well as a reflection of global change, prevention of ecological destruction, participation in biomineralogy, and remediation of environmental pollution. Pollutant treatment by natural minerals is based on the natural law and reflects natural self-purification functions in the inorganic world, similar to that of the organic world - a biological treatment. A series of case studies related to natural self-purification, which were mostly completed by our group, are discussed in this paper. In natural cryptomelane there is a larger pseudotetragonal tunnel than that formed by [MnO6] octahedral double chains, with an aperture of 0.462-0.466 nm2, filled with K cations. Cryptomelane might be a real naturally-occurring mineral of the active octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2). CrⅥ-bearing wastewater can be treate 相似文献
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This study focused on the ferric sulfate precipitates formed during the culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans) in a modified 9K medium by applying a potential control on the electrode. X-ray diffraction (XRD), environmental scanning
electron microscope (ESEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out
to characterize and identify the precipitates which were formed, respectively, in the electrochemical cultivation with a fixed
cathode potential (bias-experiment) and in the conventional batch cultivation without cathode potential control (no-bias-experiment).
The results indicated that K-jarosite presented in both experiments while NH4-jarosite and schwertmannite were only found in the no-bias-experiment. The formation of different precipitates could be attributed
to the different growth statuses and rates of A. ferrooxidans and the different concentrations of Fe3+. In the bias-experiment, external electrons reproduced Fe2+ and promoted the growth of A. ferrooxidans, thus resulting in the low Fe3+ concentration and the rapid depletion of NH4
+ as the nitrogen source, in which K-jarosite was preferentially formed. In the no-bias-experiment, the lower concentration
of A. ferrooxidans was observed, which was due to the continuous consumption of Fe2+ by bacteria, thus resulting in the relatively higher Fe3+ and the NH4
+ concentration in culture. The high concentration of Fe3+ favored the precipitation of the solid solution of K-NH4-H3O jarosite, and led to the formation of schwertmannite after K+ and NH4
+ were depleted. 相似文献
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<正>Cardiac valve calcification is a common disease,especially among the elderly.Calcification can affect valve function and cause heart failure and sudden death(Adler et al.,2002).Aortic valve calcification is alsorelated to arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease(Rashedi et al.,2015).However,the origin of valve calcification is still unclear.This study characterized the 相似文献
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Abstract: Natural sphalerite as a natural cost-effective photocatalyst was characterized and its visible light photocatalytic activity was investigated in terms of substituting ions, impurity phases and surface defects. The substitutions of metal ions for Zn2+ alter the band structure and result in the visible light response. The coexistence of impurity semiconductors and nanosized particles in natural sphalerite samples help to prolong the lifetime of electron-hole pairs. The cleavage planes and fracture surfaces improve the photocatalytic activity of natural sphalerite by providing more active sites than perfect faces. Both the negative charge defects from the non-isoelectronic substitutions and surface elements with variable chemical valence suppressed the recombination of electron-hole pairs by their possible role of capturing photogenerated holes. 相似文献
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LU Anhuai 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(2)
Basic properties, including surface absorption, porous filtration, ion exchange, heat effect and chemical solubility of environmental mineralogical materials, are widely applied to the pollution prevention environment improvement. The pollunian prevenition environmenr means the quality improvement of surface water, groundwater, river, lake and ground reservoir: the improvement of soil, the disposal of nuclear waste, the purification of domestic sewage, the collection of smoke and dust and the treatment of waste water. The prospective investigation and utilization of environmental mineralogical materials have been dealt with in more detail by the author of this paper with emphases on the prevention and control of soil contamination by heavy metals, on the quality im provement and treatment of surface water and groundwater,and on the collection of smoke and dust arising from burning coals. 相似文献
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LIU Rui LU Anhuai QIN Shan 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(2):175-179
Feldspar and Pb（NO3）2 were mixed and reacted at T=380℃ to synthesize Pb-feldspar. In the XRD （X-ray diffraction） pattern of the product, the d values （crystal lattice spacing） of the five peaks are 0.654, 0.342, 0.332, 0.327 and 0.257 nm. The XPS analysis results show that the binding energy of Pb 4f（7/2） in the feldspar was between 137.81-138.03 eV. Pb^2＋ can replace alkali and alkali earth cations in the feldspar structure through ion exchange reaction to form Pb-feldspar. 相似文献
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地壳演化过程中铬铝云母标型性探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对于早期地壳性质及晚期地壳演化的研究一直是地质学界关注的课题,本文将以矿物系统发生史研究为指导,通过详细研究全球范围内103个(包括笔者完成的42个样品)铬铝云母样品在地壳中的分布规律及其化学成分和矿物种标型特征时空演化规律,认为早期地壳中幔源物质铬与壳源物质铝交互作用导致铬铝云母的形成,从而为认识早期地壳具有硅铝质组成提供了佐证。在晚期地壳演化尤其是成矿作用方面,提出了铬铝云母标型性特征,确立了铬铝云母在自然历史中固有的位置和作用。 相似文献