积雪升华过程对高寒湿地陆气相互作用的影响     

张海宏  苏永玲  姜海梅  晁红艳  苏文将 《冰川冻土》2018,40(6):1223-1230

利用青海玉树隆宝地区2014年12月积雪升华过程的观测资料,分析了积雪升华过程中高寒湿地陆气相互作用特征及积雪深度对陆气相互作用的影响。结果表明：在降雪和积雪升华过程中,高寒湿地浅层土壤温度在短时期内有所升高,而深层土壤温度和土壤体积含水量对降雪过程的响应不敏感。积雪升华过程中净辐射、感热通量和潜热通量的日平均值增加,向上短波辐射的日平均值减少。积雪逐渐升华导致地表吸收的能量增加,同时地表向大气传递的能量也随之增加。随着积雪的逐步升华,感热占比和潜热占比逐渐升高,而土壤热通量占比和热储存占比逐渐降低。积雪深度增加会导致地表反照率和地表比辐射率增大,感热输送系数减小。  相似文献   

似大地水准面的误差分析与抑制技术   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

章传银  党亚民  晁定波  文汉江  常晓涛 《测绘科学》2006,31(6):26-29

大地水准面误差分析与精度评定是局部重力场逼近技术的重要组成部分,是大地水准面精化工程外业方案优化、算法设计和工程质量评价的基本依据。本文分别从地面重力数据误差和局部重力场算法两个方面,分析cm级大地水准面误差的影响特性,提出重力数据误差与大地水准面精度之间普遍适用的规律,推荐一种GPS水准和地面重力数据联合平差的精度评定方法,结合实例和模拟计算分析,介绍大地水准面误差分析与误差抑制方法。  相似文献   

中国干旱-半干旱区表土bGDGTs与气候环境因子数据再分析     

晁倩  赵晖  侯居峙  张帅  汪克奇  孙爱军  杨宏宇 《第四纪研究》2022,42(2):449-460

文章通过收集中国北方干旱-半干旱区域已发表的bGDGTs数据,重新计算了不同地区表土bGDGTs各组分与温度及pH等环境因子之间的相关关系。主要获得以下认识：1)不同于干旱区,半干旱区bGDGTs的异构体指标与土壤pH表现为强相关,在4个异构体指标(IBT、 CBT′、 IR′_IIa、 IR′_IIIa)中CBT′、 IR′_IIIa计算的pH结果精度较高;2)半干旱区f（5 me）与pH表现为强相关（-0.847）,指示了基于5-甲基bGDGTs的指标同样具有重建半干旱区pH的潜力。但是目前缺乏CBT′_5ME-pH之间的转换函数;3)全球温度校正方程计算得出的温度误差普遍大于中国区域校正方程（中国北方、青藏高原等区域）获取的温度误差。通过整合数据重新计算发现4个区域温度校正方程(MBT′_5ME、 Tmr、 MAATsr、 Index 1)计算的温度结果具有较小的误差,且在半干旱区重建的温度结果更为精确;另外MAATsr、 Index 1的区域温度校正方程也适用于干旱区的温度重建,...  相似文献   

U-Pb Zircon and Re-Os Molybdenite Geochronology of theW-Mo Mineralized Region of South Qinling,China, andtheir Tectonic Implications     

HAN Ke  YANG Xingke  CHAO Huixi  HE Hujun  RUAN Shiqi  GAO Yunfeng  ZHANG Weisheng  ZHU Wei  JIN Gang 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(2):500-516

A W-Mo mineralized region is located along the northern margin of the South Qinling tectonic belt of China. WMo mineralization occurs mainly in Cambrian–Ordovician clastic and carbonate rocks, and the ore bodies are structurally controlled by NW–SE-and NNE–SSW-striking faults. Evidence for magmatism in the area is widespread and is dominated by intermediate–felsic intrusives or apophyses, such as the Dongjiangkou, Yanzhiba, Lanbandeng, and Sihaiping granitic bodies. Quartz-vein-type mineralization and fault-controlled skarn-type mineralization dominate the ore systems, with additional enrichment in residual deposits. At present, there are few or insufficient studies on(1) the age of mineralization,(2) the relationship between intermediate–felsic granite and W-Mo mineralization,(3) the source of ore-forming materials,and(4) the metallogenic and tectonic setting of the mineralized area. In this paper, we present geochronology results for numerous intrusive granitic bodies in the South Qinling tectonic belt. U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Lanbandeng monzogranite and Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite yields ages of 222.7 ± 2.3 and 201.9 ± 1.8 Ma, respectively. In contrast to the Late Triassic age of the Lanbandeng monzogranite, the age of the newly discovered Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite places it at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. Re-Os molybdenite geochronology on the Qipangou W-Mo deposit yielded a model age of 199.7 ± 3.9 Ma, indicating the deposit formed in the early Yanshanian period of the Early Jurassic. Granitoid intrusions in the mineralized area are characterized by composite granite bodies that crystallized at ca.240–190 Ma. While there were multiple stages of intrusion, most occurred at 210–220 Ma, with waning magmatic activity at 200–190 Ma. The Re-Os age of molybdenite in the region is ca. 200–190 Ma, which may represent a newly discovered period of W-Mo metallogenesis that occurred during the final stages of magmatism. The heat associated with this magmatism drove ore formation and might have provided additional ore-forming components for metallogenesis(represented by the Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite). Ore materials in the mineralized area were derived from mixed crustal and mantle sources. Enrichment of the region occurred during intracontinental orogenesis in the late Indosinian–Yanshanian, subsequent to the main Indosinian collision. At this time, the tectonic environment was dominated by extension and strike-slip motion.  相似文献   

北京怀柔云蒙山地区花岗岩风化过程的地球化学基因     

王旭阳  姚宁  龚庆杰  晁岳德  彭程  吴媛 《地学前缘》2021,28(1):363-374

地球化学基因是近两年提出的一种新的地球化学示踪技术,本文选择北京怀柔云蒙山地区两个邻近的花岗岩风化剖面(编号为B和C)来分析岩性地球化学基因和金矿化地球化学基因的属性特征。剖面B样品的化学蚀变指数CIA变化为51.3~58.9,WIG的范围为89.4~68.6,属于初始风化程度;剖面C样品的CIA变化为52.4~78.4,WIG的范围为84.8~25.3,属于中等风化程度。这种邻近剖面风化程度的明显差异表明微环境对岩石风化产物的影响是显著的。相对于剖面底部新鲜花岗岩而言,岩性地球化学基因相似度在剖面B和C中的范围分别为85%~100%和90%~100%,金矿化地球化学基因相似度范围分别为85%~100%和80%~100%。当相对于剖面顶部土壤样品时,岩性地球化学基因相似度在剖面B和C中的范围分别为80%~100%和90%~100%,金矿化地球化学基因相似度范围分别为85%~100%和80%~100%。依据≥80%的基因相似度标准(区分基因是否相似),尽管两个剖面在风化程度上存在明显差异,但岩性地球化学基因和金矿化地球化学基因在两个剖面内部均表现出良好的遗传性和继承性,且在两个剖面之间体现出同源风化产物之间具有良好的相似性。相对于理想金矿石(其金矿化基因为12020202020)而言,金矿化相似度在剖面B和C中的范围分别为25%~50%和30%~50%。依据≥40%的金矿化相似度(即样品与理想金矿石的金矿化相似度)作为存在金矿化异常的标准,在两个剖面中均可识别出厚度约1 m左右的矿化异常层位。因此,金矿化基因除了具有地球化学基因的属性(遗传性、继承性、相似性)外,其金矿化相似度(即相对于理想金矿石的相似度)也有可能作为金矿勘查中的一个地球化学综合指标。  相似文献   

各向异性组合滤波法反演陆地水储量变化   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

超能芳  王正涛  孙健 《测绘学报》2015,44(2):174-182

地球时变重力场模型反演陆地水储量变化已为全球气候变化研究作出巨大贡献,考虑到时变重力场模型球谐系数中存在相关性,其高阶次项具有较大的误差,需采用最优的滤波方法进行空间平滑。本文提出一种新的各向异性组合滤波方法,其基本思想是将改进的高斯滤波法与均方根(root mean square,RMS)滤波法组合,即对球谐系数的低阶次采用改进的高斯滤波法,而高阶次采用RMS滤波法。首先分析了最新的GRACE RL05系列时变重力场模型系数误差特性,基于全球水储量变化反演结果,分析比较了高斯滤波、改进的高斯滤波、RMS滤波和DDK滤波与本文提出的组合滤波法的有效性及精度,并利用模型结果进行了验证,计算结果表明,组合滤波法的中误差最小。研究结果表明,本文提出的组合法相比于先前的滤波方法,可有效地过滤高阶次的噪声,消除南北条带误差,同时减少信号泄漏,提高信噪比,保留更多有效的地球物理信号,进而提高反演精度。  相似文献   

Porosity and hydraulic conductivity estimation of the basaltic aquifer in Southern Syria by using nuclear and electrical well logging techniques     

Jamal Asfahani 《Acta Geophysica》2017,65(4):765-775

An alternative approach using nuclear neutron-porosity and electrical resistivity well logging of long (64 inch) and short (16 inch) normal techniques is proposed to estimate the porosity and the hydraulic conductivity (K) of the basaltic aquifers in Southern Syria. This method is applied on the available logs of Kodana well in Southern Syria. It has been found that the obtained K value by applying this technique seems to be reasonable and comparable with the hydraulic conductivity value of 3.09 m/day obtained by the pumping test carried out at Kodana well. The proposed alternative well logging methodology seems as promising and could be practiced in the basaltic environments for the estimation of hydraulic conductivity parameter. However, more detailed researches are still required to make this proposed technique very performed in basaltic environments.  相似文献   

An Experimental Study of Cutting Performances of Worn Picks     

Cihan Dogruoz  Naci Bolukbasi  Jamal Rostami  Cemil Acar 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2016,49(1):213-224

  相似文献   

Analysis of Unit Supporting Time and Support Installation Time for Open TBMs     

Ebrahim Farrokh  Jamal Rostami  Chris Laughton 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(4):431-445

Estimation of advance rate and utilization of tunnel boring machines (TBM) are some of the important steps in planning a TBM tunneling project. Estimation of the utilization factor depends on realistic analysis of downtime components. Among the different parameters influencing TBM downtime, tunnel support is the most influential factor, which can take up to 50% of the total excavation time in some cases. Although, there are some rock mass classification systems specifically developed to link ground conditions with the type and amount of support installed in TBM tunneling, the related downtime for support installation has not been studied in detail. Unit supporting time (UST) is the time required for the installation of ground support per unit length of tunnel. Support installation time (SIT) is the time required for installation of a single ground support element. In this paper, approximate ranges of UST and SIT are discussed and analyzed on the basis of recorded ground SIT from a number of TBM tunneling projects. The primary goal of this paper is to link UST with rock mass classifications that have been specifically developed to assess ground support requirements for different tunnel sections using open-type TBM. An accurate estimate of UST and SIT allows for realistic determination of the related downtime and TBM utilization rate.  相似文献   

地理信息系统精品课程共享资源建设     

郑贵洲  关庆锋  晁怡  杨乃  刘修国  胡茂胜 《测绘科学》2015,40(7):155-158

针对如何提高地理信息系统课程教育的教学质量问题,该文分析了GIS精品课程共享资源持续建设的情况,阐述了课程模块、知识点、教学内容及理论教学与实践教学如何融合,重点介绍了创新型课程团队、立体式教材体系及开放式网络课程等方面建设情况。研究成果可以为进一步推动GIS教学改革提供参考。  相似文献