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1.
Geotectonics - The dunite–wehrlite–clinopyroxenite–gabbro massif in Eastern Chukotka, a key object for geodynamic reconstructions of the Vel’may terrane, which represents... 相似文献
2.
A. A. Kadik N. A. Kurovskaya Yu. A. Ignat’ev N. N. Kononkova V. V. Koltashev V. G. Plotnichenko 《Geochemistry International》2011,49(5):429-438
It is assumed in the theories of Earth formation that the composition of gases extracted by primary planetary magmas is formed
by the large-scale melting of the early mantle, which occurred in the presence of a metallic Fe phase. The molten Fe metal
and silicate materials underwent gravitational migration, which affected the fractionation of siderophile elements. Volatile
compounds had to form simultaneously in the zones of large-scale melting of the early Earth; their compositions were controlled
by interaction with silicate and metallic melts. This process remains poorly understood. 相似文献
3.
N. A. Krivolutskaya A. A. Plechova Yu. A. Kostitsyn B. V. Belyatsky I. A. Roshchina N. M. Svirskaya N. N. Kononkova 《Petrology》2014,22(2):128-150
In models for the genesis of the Noril’sk Pt-Cu-Ni ore deposits, much importance is attached to the processes of assimilation of host rocks by basaltic melts. This idea is based on unusual relations between the silicate and sulfide constituents of this type of ore deposits and also on the heavy sulfur isotopic composition of the sulfide ores. The reason for this unusual composition is thought to be the assimilation of anhydrite from the host rocks. However, no other factors able to influence this process have ever been analyzed in the literature. We were the first to thoroughly analyze the inner structure of contact aureoles of the intrusions hosted in various rocks: the Maslovsky intrusion in Early Triassic basalts of the Ivakinsky and Nadezhdinsky formations and the Talnakh intrusion in Devonian anhydrite-bearing carbonate-terrigenous rocks. The distributions of trace elements, the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio, and Sm and Nd isotopes indicate that host rocks were either not assimilated at all, or their effect is perceptible only within a very narrow (1 m) zone in the eastern apophyse in the southern portion of the Maslovsky intrusion. The Sr, Nd, and particularly, Pb isotopic composition indicate that the anhydrite could not be the source of isotopically heavy sulfur for sulfides at Noril’sk deposits. The ores of the Maslovsky and Talnakh intrusions have similar sulfur isotopic composition of their sulfides (the maximum δ34S values of these sulfides reach +10.8 and +14.2‰, respectively), in spite of the significant differences in the rocks hosting these intrusions. Our newly obtained data indicate that assimilation was insignificant and could not affect the origin of the ores. 相似文献
4.
Melt inclusions were examined in phenocrysts in basalt, andesite, dacite, and rhyodacite from the Karymskii volcanic center in Kamchatka and dacite form Golovnina volcano in Kunashir Island, Kuriles. The inclusions were examined by homogenization and by analyzing glasses in more than 80 inclusions on an electron microscope and ion microprobe. The SiO2 concentrations in the melt inclusions in plagioclase phenocrysts from basalts from the Karymskii volcanic center vary from 47.4 to 57.1 wt %, these values for inclusions in plagioclase phenocrysts from andesites are 55.7–67.1 wt %, in plagioclase phenocrysts from the dacites and rhyodacites are 65.9–73.1 wt %, and those in quartz in the rhyodacites are 72.2–75.7 wt %. The SiO2 concentrations in melt inclusions in quartz from dacites from Golovnina volcano range from 70.2 to 77.0 wt %. The basaltic melts are characterized by usual concentrations of major components (wt %): TiO2 = 0.7–1.3, FeO = 6.8–11.4, MgO = 2.3–6.1, CaO = 6.7–10.8, and K2O = 0.4–1.7; but these rocks are notably enriched in Na2O (2.9–7.4 wt % at an average of 5.1 wt %, with the highest Na2O concentration detected in the most basic melts: SiO2 = 47.4–52.0 wt %. The concentrations of volatiles in the basic melts are 1.6 wt % for H2O, 0.14 wt % for S, 0.09 wt % for Cl, and 50 ppm for F. The andesite melts are characterized by high concentrations (wt %) of FeO (6.5 on average), CaO (5.2), and Cl (0.26) at usual concentrations of Na2O (4.5), K2O (2.1), and S (0.07). High water concentrations were determined in the dacite and rhyodacite melts: from 0.9 to 7.3 wt % (average of 15 analyses equals 4.5 wt %). The Cl concentration in these melts is 0.15 wt %, and those of F and S are 0.06 and 0.01 wt %, respectively. Melt inclusions in quartz from the dacites of Golovnina volcano are also rich in water: they contain from 5.0 to 6.7 wt % (average 5.6 wt %). The comparison of melt compositions from the Karymskii volcanic center and previously studied melts from Bezymyannyi and Shiveluch volcanoes revealed their significant differences. The former are more basic, are enriched in Ti, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, and P but significantly depleted in K. The melts of the Karymskii volcanic center are most probably less differentiated than the melts of Bezymyannyi and Shiveluch volcanoes. The concentrations of water and 20 trace elements were measured in the glasses of 22 melt inclusions in plagioclase and quartz from our samples. Unusually high values were obtained for Li concentrations (along with high Na concentrations) in the basaltic melts from the Karymskii volcanic center: from 118 to 1750 ppm, whereas the dacite and rhyolite melts contain 25 ppm Li on average. The rhyolite melts of Golovnina volcano are much poorer in Li: 1.4 ppm on average. The melts of the Karymskii volcanic center are characterized by relative minima at Nb and Ti and maxima at B and K, as is typical of arc magmas. 相似文献
5.
V. B. Naumov V. S. Kamenetsky R. Thomas N. N. Kononkova B. N. Ryzhenko 《Geochemistry International》2008,46(6):554-564
Melt inclusions were studied in chrome diopside from the Inagli deposit of gemstones in the Inagli massif of alkaline ultrabasic rocks of potassic affinity in the northwestern Aldan shield, Yakutia, Russia. The chrome diopside is highly transparent and has an intense green color. Its Cr2O3 content varies from 0.13 to 0.75 wt %. Primary and primary-secondary polyphase inclusions in chrome diopside are dominated by crystal phases (80–90 vol %) and contain aqueous solution and a gas phase. Using electron microprobe analysis and Raman spectroscopy, the following crystalline phases were identified. Silicate minerals are represented by potassium feldspar, pectolite [NaCa2Si3O8(OH)], and phlogopite. The most abundant minerals in the majority of inclusions are sulfates: glaserite (aphthitalite) [K3Na(SO4)2], glauberite [Na2Ca(SO4)2], aluminum sulfate, anhydrite (CaSO4), gypsum (CaSO4 × 2H2O), barite (BaSO4), bloedite [Na2Mg(SO4)2 × 4H2O], thenardite (NaSO4), polyhalite [K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 × 2H2O], arcanite (K2SO4), and celestite (SrSO4). In addition, apatite was detected in some inclusions. Chlorides are probably present among small crystalline phases, because some analyses of aggregates of silicate and sulfate minerals showed up to 0.19–10.3 wt % Cl. Hydrogen was identified in the gas phase of polyphase inclusions by Raman spectroscopy. The composition of melt from which the chrome diopside crystallized was calculated on the basis of the investigation of silicate melt inclusions. This melt contains 53.5 wt % SiO2, considerable amounts of CaO (16.3 wt %), K2O (7.9 wt %), Na2O (3.5 wt %), and SO3 (1.4 wt %) and moderate amounts of Al2O3 (7.5 wt %), MgO (5.8 wt %), FeO (1.1 wt %), and H2O (0.75 wt %). The content of Cr2O3 in the melt was 0.13 wt %. Many inclusions were homogenized at 770–850°C, when all of the crystals and the gas phase were dissolved. The material of inclusions heated up to the homogenization temperature became heterogeneous even during very fast quenching (two seconds) producing numerous small crystals. This fact implies that most of the inclusions contained a salt (rather than silicate) melt of sulfate-dominated composition. Such inclusions were formed from salt globules (with a density of about 2.5 g/cm3) occurring as an emulsion in the denser (2.6 g/cm3) silicate melt from which the chrome diopside crystallized. 相似文献
6.
Andrei V. Ivanov Nataliya N. Kononkova S. Vincent Yang Michael E. Zolensky 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2003,38(5):725-737
Abstract— Clasts of alkaline (the second find in meteorites) and subalkaline rocks were found in the Kaidun meteorite. One of them (#d4A) is a large crystal of albite with inclusions of fluorapatite, arfvedsonite, aenigmatite, and wilkinsonite. The two latter minerals were previously unknown in meteorites. Another clast (#d[3–5]D) has a melt crystallization texture of mainly feldspar (oligoclase) composition and contains relict grains of both high‐Ca and low‐Ca pyroxene and fluorapatite. The mineralogical characteristics of these clasts suggest a genetic relationship and an origin from the same parent body. The textural and mineralogical characteristics of the clasts indicate origin by extensive igneous differentiation. Such processes most likely took place in a rather large differentiated body. The material of clast #d(3–5)D is similar in some mineralogical respects to basaltic shergottites. 相似文献
7.
Abstract— Dengli is a highly weathered 243.5-g chondrite that was found in 1976 in the Karakoom desert, Turkmenia. The meteorite contains olivine, high-Ca and low-Ca twinned pyroxenes, plagioclase, merrillite, cryptocrystalline material, and opaque minerals: metallic Fe, Ni, troilite, chromite. Based on the texture and the compositions of olivine (Fa19.6, n = 52, C.V. = 19.3) and low-Ca pyroxene (Fs18.2, n = 27, C.V. = 17.0), Dengli is classified as an H3.8 breccia. 相似文献
8.
A. N. Krot N. I. Zaslavskaya M. I. Petaev N. N. Kononkova L. D. Barsukova G. M. Kolesov 《Meteoritics & planetary science》1992,27(2):182-183
Abstract Melnikovo is a relatively unweathered 545.6-g LL6 chondrite that was found in 1983. Only a few poorly defined chondrules are discernable in the examined sections; two of these are enriched in chromite. The meteorite contains olivine (Fa27,8), low-Ca pyroxene (Fs24,4), plagioclase, rare clinopyroxene, chlorapatite, merrillite and opaque minerals, which have a modal abundance (in wt%) of troilite (3.9%), kamacite (0.4%), taenite plus tetrataenite (0.7%), chromite (0.8%), and trace amounts of ilmenite and Mn-ilmenite. The meteorite appears unbrecciated on a centimeter scale. 相似文献
9.
I. V. Pekov N. V. Chukanov N. N. Kononkova N. V. Zubkova M. Kh. Rabadanov D. Yu. Pushcharovsky 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2008,50(8):749-754
Elpasolite, K2NaAlF6, has been found for the first time in a pegmatite related to peralkaline foid syenite at Mt. Koashva, Khibiny alkaline pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia, as pale pink octahedral crystals up to 2 mm in size within cavities in the natrolite core of pegmatite in association with amicite, sodalite, aegirine, pectolite, catapleiite, sitinakite, lemmleinite-K, and vinogradovite. The chemical composition determined with an electron microprobe is as follows, wt %: 31.53 K; 9.22 Na; 11.20 Al; 47.21 F; total is 99.16. The empirical formula is K1.96Na0.98Al1.01F6.05. The infrared spectrum is given. The crystal structure has been refined to R = 0.030, space group Fm $ \bar 3 Elpasolite, K2NaAlF6, has been found for the first time in a pegmatite related to peralkaline foid syenite at Mt. Koashva, Khibiny alkaline pluton,
Kola Peninsula, Russia, as pale pink octahedral crystals up to 2 mm in size within cavities in the natrolite core of pegmatite
in association with amicite, sodalite, aegirine, pectolite, catapleiite, sitinakite, lemmleinite-K, and vinogradovite. The
chemical composition determined with an electron microprobe is as follows, wt %: 31.53 K; 9.22 Na; 11.20 Al; 47.21 F; total
is 99.16. The empirical formula is K1.96Na0.98Al1.01F6.05. The infrared spectrum is given. The crystal structure has been refined to R = 0.030, space group Fm
m, a = 8.092 ?. The result of a special X-ray powder diffraction study confirmed the suggestion made by Morss (1974) that reflections
violating space group Fm
m in some published X-ray powder patterns of natural elpasolite are Kβ-lines.
Original Russian Text ? I.V. Pekov, N.V. Chukanov, N.N. Kononkova, N.V. Zubkova, M.Kh. Rabadanov, D.Yu. Pushcharovsky, 2007,
published in Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva, 2007, No. 6, pp. 76–84. 相似文献
10.
I. S. Lykova I. V. Pekov N. N. Kononkova A. K. Shpachenko 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2010,52(8):837-842
Jinshanjiangite (acicular crystals up to 2 mm in length) and bafertisite (lamellar crystals up to 3 × 4 mm in size) have been found in alkali granite pegmatite of the Gremyakha-Vyrmes Complex, Kola Peninsula. Albite, microcline, quartz, arfvedsonite, zircon, and apatite are associated minerals. The dimensions of a monoclinic unit cell of jinshanjiangite and bafertisite are: a = 10.72(2), b=13.80(2), c = 20.94(6) Å, β = 97.0(5)° and a = 10.654(6), b = 13.724(6), c = 10.863(8) Å, β = 94.47(8)°, respectively. The typical compositions (electron microprobe data) of jinshanjiangite and bafertisite are: (Na0.57Ca0.44)Σ1.01(Ba0.57K0.44)Σ1.01 (Fe3.53Mn0.30Mg0.04Zn0.01)Σ3.88(Ti1.97Nb0.06Zr0.01)Σ2.04(Si3.97Al0.03O14)O2.00(OH2.25F0.73O0.02)Σ3.00 and (Ba1.98Na0.04K0.03)Σ2.05(Fe3.43Mn0.37Mg0.03)Σ3.83(Ti2.02Nb0.03)Σ2.05 (Si3.92Al0.08O14)(O1.84OH0.16)Σ2.00(OH2.39F1.61)Σ3.00, respectively. The minerals studied are the Fe-richest members of the bafertisite structural family. 相似文献