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Pramod Kumar Sharma 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2018,12(3):218-233
Flood hazard evaluation is an important input for Nuclear Power Plants external events safety studies. In the present study, flood hazard at various nuclear sites in India due to rainfall has been evaluated. Hazard estimation is a statistical procedure by which rainfall intensity versus occurrence frequency is estimated from historical records of rainfall data and extrapolated with asymptotic extreme value distribution. Rainfall data needed for flood hazard assessment are daily annual maximum rainfall (24?h data). The observed data points have been fitted using Gumbel, power law and exponential distribution, and return period has been estimated. To study the stationarity of rainfall data, a moving window estimate of the parameters has been performed. The rainfall pattern is stationary in both coastal and inland regions over the period of observation. The coastal regions show intense rainfall and higher variability than inland regions. Based on the plant layout, catchment area and drainage capacity, the prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) site is unlikely to be flooded. 相似文献
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Yongsheng Wu Charles G. Hannah Pramod Thupaki Ruping Mo Brent Law 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):176-182
Raindrops falling on the sea surface produce turbulence. The present study examined the influence of rain-induced turbulence on oil droplet size and dispersion of oil spills in Douglas Channel in British Columbia, Canada using hourly atmospheric data in 2011–2013. We examined three types of oils: a light oil (Cold Lake Diluent - CLD), and two heavy oils (Cold Lake Blend - CLB and Access Western Blend - AWB). We found that the turbulent energy dissipation rate produced by rainfalls is comparable to what is produced by wind-induced wave breaking in our study area. With the use of chemical dispersants, our results indicate that a heavy rainfall (rain rate > 20 mm h? 1) can produce the maximum droplet size of 300 μm for light oil and 1000 μm for heavy oils, and it can disperse the light oil with fraction of 22–45% and the heavy oils of 8–13%, respectively. Heavy rainfalls could be a factor for the fate of oil spills in Douglas Channel, especially for a spill of light oil and the use of chemical dispersants. 相似文献
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Acta Geochimica - The rare earth element (REE) geochemical composition of sediments from two cores were used to investigate the provenances of the Late Pleistocene to Holocene sediments of Cauvery... 相似文献
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D. S. Suresh Babu V. Nandakumar B. John B. K. Jayaprasad S. V. Pramod 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(3-4):390-397
Impact of catchment erosion and the resultant reservoir siltation from a tropical environment is reported here to discuss
the effect of a reservoir in the natural degradation of an evergreen-forested segment. While an area of 8.01 km2 has been affected by direct inundation at the full reservoir level, another 2.6 km2 area once under thick forest cover, had also lost its identity over the last 38 years by indirect degradation. This zone
mainly falls in the confluence of tributaries, namely Neyyar and Mullayar, with the reservoir. The capacity of the reservoir
was found to be reduced by 28.8 Mm3 during this period and the annual average loss is calculated as 0.75 Mm3 (0.71%), indicating the intensity of erosion from the catchment zone. In case the proposed upper dam in the reservoir comes
into existence, an additional area of 2.4 km2 from the virgin forest would be submerged and more area would face degradation around the inundated zone.
Received: 29 July 1998 · Accepted: 16 November 1998 相似文献
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Pramod Kumar Yadav P. K. Adhikari Shalivahan Anurag Tripathi Shailendra Singh Roshan K. Singh Ashish K. Bage 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(6):705-710
Magnetic and radiometric surveys were carried out over a felsic dominated rifted margin of Proterozoic volcanic terrain of a mobile belt in the eastern India. The studies were made in blocks I and II of 0.65 sq km and 0.70 sq km respectively over a previously identified conductor in the northern fringe of Dalma Volcanics (DVs). In general, both the blocks show high magnetic signature associated with sulfide mineralisation. The interpretation of magnetic data suggests that nature of the causative source is mainly horizontal cylinder in both the blocks. The depth to the top of the causative source is about 25 m in both the blocks and extends upto 60 m in block I and 40m in block II. Gamma count rate exhibits about a factor of two to three enhancements above the field background for both the blocks. The obtained iso-rad maps are similar to uranium and copper belt in the Singhbhum shear zone south of the study area. The anomalous radiometric signature of the residual soil/rock of the area indicates towards hydrothermal alteration. The detailed magnetic surveys and preliminary iso-rads results seems quite encouraging and may be attributed to VMS setting in the area and potential sulfide mineralisation with uranium mineral association in the DVs province. 相似文献
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V Chakravarthi M Pramod Kumar B Ramamma S Rajeswara Sastry 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(3):64
Boundary faults associated with thick sedimentary basins are more often curved in cross section rather than planar. We develop a space domain-based automatic gravity inversion technique to quantify such listric fault sources from a set of observed gravity anomalies. The density contrast within the hanging wall of fault morphology is presumed to be known according to a prescribed exponential law. Furthermore, the fault plane is described by a polynomial function of arbitrary but specific degree, whose coefficients become the unknown parameters to be estimated from a set of observed gravity anomalies in addition to the thickness of the fault structure. Using a set of characteristic anomalies, the present inversion identifies approximate parameters pertaining to the origin of fault plane and depth to decollement horizon. Based on the errors between the observed and model gravity anomalies of the structure, the algorithm constructs and solves a system of normal equations to estimate the improvements in depth and coefficients of the polynomial in an iterative approach until one of the specified convergence criteria is fulfilled. The efficacy of the algorithm is shown with the analysis of gravity anomalies attributable to a synthetic model of a listric fault source in the presence of pseudorandom noise. Application of the proposed inversion technique on the observed gravity anomalies of the Ahri-Cherla master fault of the Godavari subbasin in India using the derived exponential density contrast model has yielded an interpretation that is consistent with the available/reported information. 相似文献
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The photocatalytic decolorization and mineralization of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye in presence of TiO2 Degussa P25 has been studied using artificial light radiation in a shallow pond slurry reactor. The equilibrium adsorption of dye, influence of pH (3–11), catalyst load (0.5–3.0 g/L), and dye concentration (20–100 mg/L) on decolorization kinetics were studied. The effect of area to volume ratio of photoreactor on decolorization kinetics has been also studied. Mineralization studies were performed at optimized conditions of pH (3) and catalyst load (1.5 g/L). The maximum adsorption (26.5 mg/g) of dye was found to occur at pH 3. The apparent pseudo first order decolorization rate constant (kapp) value followed the order pH 3 > pH 11 > pH 9 > pH 7. As compared to available literature reduction in total organic carbon (TOC) was minimal by the time there was complete decolorization. Initial reduction in TOC was followed by subsequent increasing trend till complete decolorization. Final decreasing trend in TOC was observed only after complete decolorization. Twelve hours of treatment under experimental conditions reduced TOC content by 70% only. Discussion of results suggest that photocatalytic treatment of colored effluent under low UV intensity, and low A/V ratio may result in completely decolorized effluent but still having high COD. 相似文献
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Understanding of the habitat range of threatened Himalayan medicinal plants which are declining in their abundance due to high anthropogenic disturbances is essential for developing conservation strategies and agrotechnologies for cultivation. In this communication, we have discussed the habitat range of two alpine medicinal plants, Aconitum naviculare （Bruehl） Stapf and Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora （Pennel） Hong in a trans-Himalayan dry valley of central Nepal, Manang district. They are the most prioritized medicinal plants of the study area in terms of ethnomedicinal uses. A. naviculare occurs on warm and dry south facing slopes between 4090-4650 m asl along with sclerophyllous and thorny alpine scrubs, while N. scrophulariiflora is exclusively found on cool and moist north facing slope between 4000 and 4400 m asl where adequate water is available from snow melt to create a suitable habitat for this wetland dependent species. The soil in rooting zone of the two plants differs significantly in organic carbon （OC）, organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （N） and carbon to nitrogen （C/N） ratio. Due to cool and moist condition of N. scrophulariiflora habitat, accumulation of soil OC is higher, but soil N content is lower probably due to slow release from litter, higher leaching loss and greater retention in perennial live biomass of the plant. The C/N ratio of soil is more suitable in A. navuculare habitat than that of N scrophulariiflora for N supply. Warm and sunny site with N rich soil can be suitable for cultivation ofA. naviculare, while moist and cool site with organic soil for N. scrophulariiflora. The populations of both the plants are fragmented and small. Due to collection by human and trampling damage by livestock, the population of A. naviculare was found absent in open areas in five of the six sampling sites and it was confined only within the bushes of alpine scrubs. For N. serophulariiflora, high probability of complete receding of small glaeiers may be a new threat in future to its habitat. The information about habitat conditions, together with the information from other areas, ean be useful to identify potential habitats and plan for cultivation or domestication of the two medieinal plants. 相似文献