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Acta Geotechnica - A concise, two-dimensional discrete heat transfer model is presented, which considers the thermal resistance effects of cracks. The discrete heat transfer model discretizes the... 相似文献
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Gang-Hai Huang Yuan-Zhen Xu Xiong-Wei Yi Ming Xia Yu-Yong Jiao Shu Zhang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(9):1301-1314
The efficiency of solving equations plays an important role in implicit-scheme discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA). A systematic investigation of six iterative methods, namely, symmetric successive over relaxation (SSOR), Jacobi (J), conjugate gradient (CG), and three preconditioned CG methods (ie, J-PCG, block J-PCG [BJ-PCG], and SSOR-PCG), for solving equations in three-dimensional sphere DDA (SDDA) is conducted in this paper. Firstly, simultaneous equations of the SDDA and iterative formats of the six solvers are presented. Secondly, serial and OpenMP-based parallel computing numerical tests are done on a 16-core PC, the result of which shows that (a) for serial computing, the efficiency of the solvers is in this order: SSOR-PCG > BJ-PCG > J-PCG > SSOR>J > CG, while for parallel computing, BJ-PCG is the best solver; and (b) CG is not only the most sensitive to the ill-condition of the equations but also the most time consuming under both serial and parallel computing. Thirdly, to estimate the effects of equation solvers acting on SDDA computations, an application example with 10 000 spheres and 200 000 calculation steps is simulated on this 16-core PC using serial and parallel computing. The result shows that SSOR-PCG is about six times faster than CG for serial computing, while BJ-PCG is about four times faster than CG for parallel computing. On the other hand, the whole computation time using BJ-PCG for parallel computing is 3.37 hours (ie, 0.061 s per step), which is about 36 times faster than CG for serial computing. Finally, some suggestions are given based on this investigation result. 相似文献
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Based on the combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM), a two-dimensional coupled hydro-thermal model is proposed. This model can simulate fluid flow and heat transfer in rock masses with arbitrary complex fracture networks. The model consists of three parts: a heat conduction model of the rock matrix, a heat-transfer model of the fluid in the fracture (including the heat conduction and convection of fluid), and a heat exchange model between the fluid and rock at the fracture surface. Three examples with analytical solutions are given to verify the correctness of the coupled model. Finally, the coupled model is applied to hydro-thermal coupling simulations of a rock mass with a fracture network. The temperature field evolution, the effect of thermal conductivity of the rock matrix thermal conductivity and the fracture aperture on the outlet temperature are studied. The coupled model presented in this paper will enable the application of FDEM to study rock rupture driven by the effect of hydro-thermo-mechanical coupling in geomaterials such as in geothermal systems, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering and nuclear waste geological storage.
相似文献4.
应用DGGE技术分析扇贝养殖海区真核浮游生物种群多样性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为分析扇贝养殖海区真核浮游生物种类和丰度,本研究首先以实验室培养的9种饵料微藻总DNA为模板PCR扩增18S rDNA V1～V3区的高变区序列.筛选用于DGGE分析该扩增序列的变性剂浓度,结果表明,扩增序列长560 bp,DGGE分析町将不同藻种分离开.随后对青岛沙子口扇贝养殖海区9个月份真核浮游生物多样性进行了DGGE分析,结果从9个月份2 m深的海水中总共扩增出38条谱带.其中共有谱带3条,占总数的7.69%,不同月份的特征性谱带11个,占总谱带数的28.2%.不同月份水样中的谱带数显著不同,香农多样性指数为0.4632.相似性分析表明,2009年3和4月养殖海区真核微牛物种类相似性最高,为89.7%.基于不同月份水样微生物种类多样性进行UPGMA聚类分析,结果表明,2008年5,6,8月和2009年1,2,3,4月分别聚为一支,显示取样时间相近的月份微生物种类相似度最高. 相似文献
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A simple three-dimensional heat transfer model is developed to consider the hindering effect of cracks on heat transfer. The 3D heat transfer model can also be applied to numerical methods such as the combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM), discrete element method (DEM), discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA), the numerical manifold method (NMM), and the finite element method (FEM) to construct thermo-mechanical coupling models that allow these methods to solve thermal cracking problems and dynamically consider the hindering effect of cracks on heat transfer. In the 3D heat transfer model, the continuous-discontinuous medium is discretized into independent tetrahedral elements, and joint elements are inserted between adjacent tetrahedral elements. Heat transfer calculations for continuous-discontinuous media are converted to heat conduction in tetrahedral elements and the heat exchange between the adjacent tetrahedral elements through the joint element. If the joint element between adjacent tetrahedral elements breaks (ie, a crack generates), the heat exchange coefficient of the joint element is reduced to account for the hindering effect of cracks on heat conduction. Then the model and the FDEM are combined to build a thermo-mechanical coupling model to simulate thermal cracking. The thermally induced deformation, stress, and cracking are investigated by the thermo-mechanical coupling model, and the numerical results are compared with analytical solutions or experimental results. The 3D heat transfer model and thermo-mechanical model can provide a powerful tool for simulating heat transfer and thermal cracking in a continuous-discontinuous medium. 相似文献
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The high computational costs associated with the implicit formulation of discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) have been one of the major obstacles for its implementation to engineering problems involving jointed rock masses with large numbers of blocks. In this paper, the Newmark-based predictor-corrector solution (NPC) approach was modified to improve the performance of the original DDA solution module in modeling discontinuous problems. The equation of motion for a discrete block system is first established with emphasis on the consideration of contact constraints. A family of modified Newmark-based predictor-corrector integration (MNPC) scheme is then proposed and implemented into a unified analysis framework. Comparisons are made between the proposed approach and the widely used constant acceleration (CA) integration approach and central difference (CD) approach, regarding the stability and numerical damping features for a single-degree-of-freedom model, where the implications of the proposed approach on open-close iteration are also discussed. The validity of the proposed approach is verified by several benchmarking examples, and it is then applied to two typical problems with different numbers of blocks. The results show that the original CA approach in DDA is efficient for the simulation of quasi-static deformation of jointed rock masses, while the proposed MNPC approach leads to improved computational efficiency for dynamic analysis of large-scale jointed rock masses. The MNPC approach therefore provides an additional option for efficient DDA of jointed rock masses. 相似文献
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Xin-Zhi Wang Feng-Yi Tan Yu-Yong Jiao Ren Wang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):379-386
Calcareous sand, widely spread on coral reefs in Nansha Islands, South China Sea, will be used as backfill material in oceanic engineering, but its engineering property is still elusive. It's difficult and extremely costly to conduct in-situ plate load tests to investigate the bearing capacities of calcareous soils foundation because the coral reefs are too far from the mainland and located in tidal zone. In order to study the bearing capacity and deformation behavior of calcareous soils, the authors designed an apparatus to carry out laboratory tests. The apparatus has the advantages as listed: (1) estimating the bearing capacity and deformation of soil foundation; (2) measuring the soil pressures and settlements at diffirent depths; (3) investigating the load transmission depth. Test results of calcareous sand indicate that the apparatus is suitable to test the engineering behavior of soil in laboratory. 相似文献
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本研究拟利用微卫星标记分析细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)连续3代选育群体的遗传结构及差异。通过筛选出的22对细鳞鲑微卫星引物,利用PCR进行扩增后进行毛细管凝胶电泳,利用Gene Mapper V4.1软件进行图像收集和数据分析。在3代共96个样本中共检测到181个等位基因,各标记检测的等位基因数为2—26个,平均为8.227个;3代平均等位基因数(Na)为6.500—6.773,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.356—3.649,3代间Na和Ne差异均不显著;3代平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.462—0.530,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.459—0.525,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.494—0.566;F2和F3的Ho、He、PIC 3项遗传多样性参数均显著低于F1(P0.05);Hard-Weinberg平衡检验结果表明细鳞鲑3代选育群体整体保持了遗传平衡状态,但经Bonferroni校正后,尚有2个标记在F1和F3极限著偏离遗传平衡(P0.0005),3个标记在F2极限著偏离遗传平衡(P0.0005)。细鳞鲑在选育过程中通过群体选育等方法注重了对稀有等位基因的保护,在细鳞鲑多代选育过程中保持了较高的多态性水平,但在选育过程中某些等位基因出现了富集现象,3代间的遗传分化也较小,仅1.49%的遗传变异来自群体间,表明细鳞鲑群体尚具有持续选育的潜力。 相似文献
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This paper proposes a three-dimensional coupled hydrothermal model for fractured rock based on the finite-discrete element method to simulate fluid flow and heat transport. The 3D coupled hydrothermal model is composed of three main parts: a heat conduction model for the rock matrix, a heat transfer model for the fluid in the fractures (including heat conduction and heat convection), and a heat exchange model between the rock matrix and the fluid in the fractures. Four examples with analytical solutions are provided to verify the model. A heat exchange experiment of circulating water in a cylindrical granite sample with one fracture is simulated. The simulation results agree well with the experimental results. The effects of the fracture aperture, fluid viscosity, and pressure difference on the heat exchange between the fluid and rock are studied. Finally, an application concerned with heat transport and fluid flow in fractured rock is presented. The simulation results indicate that the 3D fully coupled hydrothermal model can capture the fluid flow and temperature evolution of rocks and fluids. 相似文献