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1.
Kohtaro Hosoda Hiroshi Murakami Akira Shibata Futoki Sakaida Hiroshi Kawamura 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(3):339-350
This study compares infrared and microwave measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) obtained by a single satellite. The
simultaneous observation from the Global Imager (GLI: infrared) and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR: microwave)
aboard the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) provided an opportunity for the intercomparison. The GLI-and AMSR-derived
SSTs from April to October 2003 are analyzed with other ancillary data including surface wind speed and water vapor retrieved
by AMSR and SeaWinds on ADEOS-II. We found no measurable bias (defined as GLI minus AMSR), while the standard deviation of
difference is less than 1°C. In low water vapor conditions, the GLI SST has a positive bias less than 0.2°C, and in high water
vapor conditions, it has a negative (positive) bias during the daytime (nighttime). The low spatial resolution of AMSR is
another factor underlying the geographical distribution of the differences. The cloud detection problem in the GLI algorithm
also affects the difference. The large differences in high-latitude region during the nighttime might be due to the GLI cloud-detection
algorithm. AMSR SST has a negative bias during the daytime with low wind speed (less than 7 ms−1), which might be related to the correction for surface wind effects in the AMSR SST algorithm. 相似文献
2.
A-HIGHERS—The System to Produce the High Spatial Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Maps of the Western North Pacific Using the AVHRR/NOAA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To study on the oceanic variations in the western North Pacific, we developed a system to produce a high spatial resolution sea surface temperature (SST) map from the data obtained by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites. As the system has been improved on the HIGHERS (Sakaida and Kawamura, 1996), it is called the Advanced-HIGHERS (A-HIGHERS). The A-HIGHERS has been developed on the super computer in the Tohoku University, which is favorable for handling of a large volume of data. Mainly because of improvements in the cloud detection algorithm, the A-HIGHERS can deal with the data obtained at dawn and dusk around the year, and at daytime in summer more effectively. The A-HIGHERS are used to produce SST maps spanning from (60°N, 120°E) to (20°N, 160°E) with a grid size of 0.01 degree. 相似文献
3.
A new set of multi-channel sea surface temperature (MCSST) equations for the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on NOAA-9 is derived from regression analyses between two-channel brightness temperatures andin situ SST obtained from moored buoys around Japan. Two equations are derived: one for daytime and the other for nighttime. They are linear split window type and both the equations contain a term dependent on satellite zenith angle, which has not been accounted for in the previous daytime split window equations for NOAA-9. It is shown that the new set of equation can give SSTs in much better precision than those without the zenith-angle-dependent terms. It is also found that the split window equation for NOAA-9 provided by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service (NOAA/NESDIS) considerably underestimates the daytime SSTs; sometimes nighttime SSTs are evenhigher than daytime SSTs. This is because the zenith angle effect to the radiation deficiet is neglected in the daytime equation by NOAA/NESDIS. By using the new MCSST equations, it is expected that the quality of satellite MCSST would be much improved, at least in regional applications around Japan, for the period of NOAA-9's operation. 相似文献
4.
We have examined accuracies of nine nighttime National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service (NOAA/NESDIS) equations for SST estimation using the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)/NOAA-11 dataset produced by Sakaida and Kawamura (1992). Among the nine equations, the revised triple-window CPSST algorithm gives the smallest rms error, which is 0.38°C. The dual-window MCSST algorithm gives the largest rms error 0.56°C. Rms errors of the other algorithms are smaller than 0.5°C. 相似文献
5.
The accuracy of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)/NOAA-11 is examined by comparison with sea-truth SSTs obtained from ocean data buoys durings November 1988 through December 1989. We made a 122 point data set of buoy SSTs from the oceans around Japan and the corresponding brightness temperatures of channels 4 and 5 during cloud free periods. The satellite temperatures are corrected for atmospheric effects using the NOAA Multi-Channel SST (MCSST) and Cross Product SST (CPSST) algorithms. The two algorithms give similar results for our data set and result in biases of about –0.1°C with rms errors of about 0.6°C relative to buoy SSTs. It is found that MCSSTs and CPSSTs tend to be higher than SSTs from the buoy in the Japan Sea in summer. New coefficients for the MCSST equations suitable for our data set are determined and the resultant rms error is 0.49°C. If we eliminate the cluster of anomalous summer data in the Japan Sea, the rms error becomes 0.43°C. 相似文献
6.
Sea surface temperature observation by Global Imager (GLI)/ADEOS-II: Algorithm and accuracy of the product 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Futoki Sakaida Kohtaro Hosoda Masao Moriyama Hiroshi Murakami Akira Mukaida Hiroshi Kawamura 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(3):311-319
A sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval algorithm for Global Imager (GLI) aboard the ADEOS-II satellite has been developed.
The algorithm is used to produce the standard SST product in the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The algorithm
for cloud screening is formed by combinations of various types of tests to detect cloud-contaminated pixels. The combination
is changed according to the solar zenith angle, which enables us to detect clouds even in the sun glitter region in daytime.
The parameters in the cloud-detection tests have been tuned using the GLI global observations. SST is calculated by the Multi-Channel
SST (MCSST) technique from the detected clear pixels. Using drifting buoy measurements, match-up data are produced to derive
the coefficients of the MCSST equations and to examine their performance. The bias and RMSE of the GLI SST are 0.03 K and
0.66 K for daytime and, −0.01 K and 0.70 K for nighttime, respectively. 相似文献
7.
The processes underlying the development of the Kuroshio large meanders that occurred in 1986 and 1989 are investigated using
a satellite SST data set and hydrographic data. In both processes visible on the satellite SST images, a round-shaped, lower
SST region with a diameter of about 200 km is found to the east of the Kuroshio small “trigger” meander (Solomon, 1978) until
the region became extinguished near theEnshu Nada. The lower SST region can be interpreted as an anti cyclonic eddy, mainly because of the existence of a warm water mass in
the subsurface layer of this region. The warm water mass is characterized by a constant temperature of 18–19°C, the maximum
thickness of which is about 400 m. The satellite images show that the eddy is closely related to the Kuroshio path transforming
into a shape like the letter “S”. This means that the eddy plays an important role in the development of the Kuroshio large
meander since this, too, tends to follow an “S”-shaped path. Added to this, the subsurface layer structure of the eddy is
similar to that of the warm water mass offShikoku. This similarity, together with the eddy behavior visible on the satellite SST images, implies that the examined eddy corresponds
to the warm water mass offShikoku. In other words, the warm water mass offShikoku can be advected near to theEnshu Nada when the Kuroshio large meander occurs. 相似文献
8.
An improved version (version 1.6) of the blended optimum interpolation sea surface temperature (SST), obtained by use of infrared (IR) and microwave (MW) data of the New Generation SST for Open ocean (NGSST-O) product, has been developed. A major improvement is the introduction of a sub-sampling scheme for MW-SST with a finer grid; this has resulted in reduction of the blocky patterning occasionally found in blended SST products with finer grids. Spectral comparison of along-track sea surface height and NGSST-O suggests that mesoscale turbulence was reproduced in the updated NGSST-O in a wide wavelength range. 相似文献
9.
Hiroshi Kawamura Huiling Qin Futoki Sakaida Riza Yuliratno Setiawan 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(1):61-70
An algorithm has been developed for retrieving sea surface temperature (SST) from hourly data transmitted from the Japanese
Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) aboard a Japanese geostationary satellite, Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT)-1R.
Threshold tests screening cloudy pixels are empirically adjusted to cases of daytime with/without sun glitter, and nighttime.
The Non-Linear SST (NLSST) equation, including several new additional terms, is used to calculate MTSAT SST. The estimated
SST is compared with drifting and moored buoy measurements, with the result that the bias of the MTSAT SST is nearly 0.0°K.
The root mean square (rms) error is about 0.8°K, and it is 0.7°K under the condition that the satellite zenith angle is less
than 50°. It is demonstrated that the hourly MTSAT SST produced by the algorithm developed here captures diurnal SST variations
in the equatorial sea in mid-November 2006. 相似文献
10.
Algorithm and validation of sea surface temperature observation using MODIS sensors aboard terra and aqua in the western North Pacific 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Kohtaro Hosoda Hiroshi Murakami Futoki Sakaida Hiroshi Kawamura 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(2):267-280
A regional algorithm to estimate SST fields in the western North Pacific, where small oceanographic disturbance are often
found, has been developed using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) aboard Terra and Aqua. Its associated
algorithm, which includes cloud screening and SST estimation, is based on an algorithm for the Global Imager (GLI) aboard
Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) and is tuned for MODIS sensors. For atmospheric correction, we compare Multi-Channel
SST (MCSST), Nonlinear SST (NLSST), Water Vapor SST (WVSST) and Quadratic SST (QDSST) techniques. For NLSST, four first-guess
SSTs are investigated, including the values for MCSST, climatology with two different spatial resolutions, and near-real-time
objective analysis. The results show that the NLSST method using high-resolution climatological SST as a first-guess has both
good quality and high efficiency. The differences of root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the NLSST models using low-resolution
climatology and those using high-resolution climatology are up to 0.25 K. RMSEs of the new algorithm are 0.70 K/0.65 K for
daytime (Aqua/Terra) and 0.65 K/0.66 K for nighttime, respectively. Diurnal warming and the stratification of the ocean surface
layer under low wind are discussed. 相似文献