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研究了急性盐度胁迫对斜带石斑鱼幼鱼Epinephelus coioides鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶活性和血清应激指标的影响,将养殖于自然海水(盐度34%o)中,体重为(19.59±0.25)g的斜带石斑鱼幼鱼直接转移至盐度24‰、14‰、4‰和0‰的水体中,于转移后1、3、6、12和24h分别检测鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶活性和血清中血糖、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、溶菌酶的变化.试验表明:试验组Na+/K+-ATP酶活性变化基本一致,均在1h时达到最高值,随后下降,至6h达到稳定且均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);血糖在24‰和14‰盐度组呈下降趋势,在4‰和0‰盐度组3h时出现最低值,在6h时达到峰值,随后逐渐下降;AST水平在24‰和14‰盐度组与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05),在4‰和0‰盐度组均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,于6和12h时达到各自峰值;溶菌酶含量在试验24h时,在24‰、14‰和4‰盐度组间差异显著(P＜0.05),在0‰盐度组呈现先上升后下降的趋势,至6h时达到峰值.试验显示,斜带石斑鱼幼鱼由盐度34‰的水体转移至盐度24‰和14‰的水体后,其应激强度较弱;由盐度34‰的水体转移至盐度4‰和0‰的水体后,其应激反应较大,适应盐度变化需时也较长.根据本试验结果,在对斜带石斑鱼进行应激性淡化转运时,可将其直接从34‰高盐度自然海水中转移至14‰盐度的水体后,再缓慢降至预定盐度,从而减少淡化时间. 相似文献
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This work evaluates the application potential of a new indigenous aerobic denitrifi er, strain Pseudomonas CW-2, isolated from a largemouth bass culture pond. The rate of ammonium-N removal by strain CW-2 was approximately 97% at a DO concentration of 5.2 mg/L. Furthermore, when nitrate and ammonia coexisted, the strain gave priority to assimilating ammonia, and thereafter to denitrifi cation. Under optimal cultivation conditions, citrate and acetate were the carbon resources, C/N was 8, dissolved oxygen was 5.2 mg/L, and pH was 7; the removal rate of ammonium reached nearly 90%. The changing patterns of different bacteria in strain CW-2-treated and the control pond water were also compared. Lower levels of ammonia, nitrite, and phosphates were observed in the treated water as compared with the controls. Meanwhile, phylum-level distributions of the bacterial OTUs revealed that P roteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and N itrospirae continuously changed their relative abundances in relation to carbon and the addition of strain CW-2; this finding implies that the conventional denitrifi cation process was weakened under the ef fects of carbon or the presence of strain CW-2. We propose that strain CW-2 is a promising organism for the removal of ammonium in intensive fish culture systems, according to our evaluations of its denitrifi cation performance. 相似文献
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珠江三角洲是我国主要的水产养殖区域之一.为了解珠江三角洲鱼类养殖池塘底栖动物群落结构,进而评价养殖水体水质状况,于2016年7-8月对6种养殖模式30口池塘底栖动物及其环境因子进行调查.结果表明:1)共采集底栖动物18种,隶属于3门14属,其中寡毛类和水生昆虫均为7种,软体动物为4种.优势种为克拉泊水丝蚓(Limnodrilus claparedeianus)、水丝蚓属一种(Limnodrilus sp.)和摇蚊属一种(Chironomus sp.)等耐污种类.2)6种养殖模式池塘底栖动物平均种类数无显著差异,但其密度和生物量却存在显著差异,杂交鳢Y(杂交鳢幼鱼)和杂交鳢C(杂交鳢成鱼)养殖池塘均显著高于其他4种养殖模式池塘.3)皮尔逊相关分析结果表明,影响珠江三角洲池塘底栖动物密度和生物量的主要因素是总氮(TN)和总磷(TP).两个主要分类群中,寡毛类密度和生物量仅与TN浓度呈显著正相关,而摇蚊幼虫却与TN和TP浓度均呈显著正相关.4)采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef多样性指数和Biotic Index生物指数对6种养殖模式30口池塘水质进行评价,结果表明Shannon-Wiener多样性指数不宜应用于珠江三角洲池塘的水质评价,Margalef多样性指数和Biotic Index生物指数的评价结果均表明杂交鳢Y、杂交鳢C以及草鱼池塘全部处于重度污染,而大口黑鲈S(投喂饲料)、大口黑鲈S+B(投喂饲料+冰鲜鱼类)和罗非鱼池塘大部分处于重度污染,少数处于中度污染. 相似文献
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