2007-2017年中国沙尘气溶胶的三维分布特征及输送过程     

贾瑞  刘玉芝  吴楚樵  祝清哲  汪兵 《中国沙漠》2019,39(6):108-117

利用最新发布的CALIPSO产品，构建了2007-2017年中国沙尘气溶胶的三维分布，并结合HYSPLIT-4模式和再分析数据，探讨了沙尘的三维输送过程。结果表明：中国的沙尘排放源区主要是塔克拉玛干沙漠和巴丹吉林沙漠，沙尘气溶胶出现频率分别为60%和35%。塔克拉玛干沙漠排放的沙尘主要（50%~70%）停留在源地0~6 000 m高度，少部分向东输送至甘肃和内蒙古；巴丹吉林沙漠排放的沙尘则主要向东输送。中国沙尘排放量在春季最大，向东输送最强；夏季，东亚夏季风限制了沙尘向东输送；秋季，沙尘排放减弱，输送强度和夏季相当；沙尘排放量在冬季最小，输送最弱。夏季，沙尘在输送过程中可被抬升至高度5 000 m以上，春季次之，秋、冬季的沙尘主要在低层大气输送。沙尘在向东输送的过程中被抬升并和当地人为污染物混合变为污染性沙尘，华北地区污染性沙尘出现频率高达30%；输送到海洋的沙尘也会与洋面上（0~3 000 m高度）的海盐气溶胶混合，出现频率约为10%。  相似文献   

New Circulation Features in the Okhotsk Sea from a Numerical Model     

Fayman  P. A.  Prants  S. V.  Budyansky  M. V.  Uleysky  M. Yu. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2020,56(6):618-631

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Using the eddy-permitting model, circulation in the Okhotsk Sea and in an adjacent area of the Pacific Ocean is retrospectively simulated from 1991 to...  相似文献   

海洋表层沉积物中金属镉的来源解析     

谭赛章  杨涛  可愚  刘材材  张昊飞 《海洋通报》2019,38(6):683-689

利用2015年8月份对长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物的监测数据,基于主成分分析/绝对主成分分数(PCA/APCS)受体模型定量解析了重金属元素镉(Cd)的可能来源,并结合地统计学插值了Cd的源贡献量的空间分布状况,结果表明沉积物中镉污染主要存在3个可能来源,源头及贡献率分别为工业污染(18.8%)、陆地径流输入(66.0%)、生物活动等自然因素(13.6%),并且各个源头贡献量具有不同的空间分布状况,其中工业污染的高值区主要集中在靠近陆地区域,陆地径流输入的分布呈现由近岸向外海逐减降低的特征,生物活动等自然因素的高值区主要集中在远离陆地的外海区域。  相似文献   

Retrieving volume FeO and TiO_2 abundances of lunar regolith with CE-2 CELMS data using BPNN method     

Cai Liu  Hong-Yan Sun  Zhi-Guo Meng  Yong-Chun Zheng  Yu Lu  Zhan-Chuan Cai  Jin-Song Ping  Alexander Gusev  Shuo Hu 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(5)

The volume FeO and TiO_2 abundances(FTAs) of lunar regolith can be more important for understanding the geological evolution of the Moon compared to the optical and gamma-ray results. In this paper, the volume FTAs are retrieved with microwave sounder(CELMS) data from the Chang'E-2 satellite using the back propagation neural network(BPNN) method. Firstly, a three-layered BPNN network with five-dimensional input is constructed by taking nonlinearity into account. Then, the brightness temperature(TB) and surface slope are set as the inputs and the volume FTAs are set as the outputs of the BPNN network.Thereafter, the BPNN network is trained with the corresponding parameters collected from Apollo, Luna,and Surveyor missions. Finally, the volume FTAs are retrieved with the trained BPNN network using the four-channel TBderived from the CELMS data and the surface slope estimated from Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter(LOLA) data. The rationality of the retrieved FTAs is verified by comparing with the Clementine UV-VIS results and Lunar Prospector(LP) GRS results. The retrieved volume FTAs enable us to re-evaluate the geological features of the lunar surface. Several important results are as follows. Firstly, very-low-Ti(1.5 wt.%) basalts are the most spatially abundant, and the surfaces with TiO_2 5 wt.% constitute less than 10% of the maria. Also, two linear relationships occur between the FeO abundance(FA) and the TiO_2 abundance before and after the threshold, 16 wt.% for FA. Secondly, a new perspective on mare volcanism is derived with the volume FTAs in several important mare basins, although this conclusion should be verified with more sources of data. Thirdly, FTAs in the lunar regolith change with depth to the uppermost surface,and the change is complex over the lunar surface. Finally, the distribution of volume FTAs hints that the highlands crust is probably homogeneous, at least in terms of the microwave thermophysical parameters.  相似文献   

PTP协议在广电时间同步网中的应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

权雨  彭良福  何永青 《全球定位系统》2020,45(1):99-104

随着广电行业的飞速发展,以串行数字接口(SDI)基带信号为基础技术架构的传统电视信号已经很难满足未来技术发展和业务扩展的需求．得益于现代通信技术的迅速发展以及即将到来的万物互联的5G时代,广电行业也将采用IP化技术来构建新的网络系统．处在向IP化发展的过渡期,广电IP化目前还存在一些亟待解决的问题．为了解决广电系统网络中需要更高精度的同步信号来完成时间同步的问题,本文利用精确时间协议（PTP）时间同步技术在专用以太网中完成时间同步组网,搭建了测试环境并对测试数据进行了分析．测试结果表明,相较于传统的网络时间协议（NTP）时间同步技术,输出PTP信号的准确度能够达到亚微秒量级,完全满足广电行业IP化数字电视系统时间同步信号的高精度需求．   相似文献   

Soil Organic Carbon Contents and Stocks in Coastal Salt Marshes with Spartina alterniflora Following an Invasion Chronosequence in the Yellow River Delta,China     

ZHANG Guangliang  BAI Junhong  JIA Jia  WANG Xin  WANG Wei  ZHAO Qingqing  ZHANG Shuai 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,(3)

Plant invasion alters the fundamental structure and function of native ecosystems by affecting the biogeochemical pools and fluxes of materials and energy. Native(Suaeda salsa) and invasive(Spartina alterniflora) salt marshes were selected to study the effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on soil organic carbon(SOC) contents and stocks in the Yellow River Delta. Results showed that the SOC contents(g/kg) and stocks(kg/m~2) were significantly increased(P 0.05) after Spartina alterniflora invasion of seven years, especially for the surface soil layer(0–20 cm). The SOC contents exhibited an even distribution along the soil profiles in native salt marshes, while the SOC contents were gradually decreased with depth after Spartina alterniflora invasion of seven years. The natural ln response ratios(Ln RR) were applied to identify the effects of short-term Spartina alterniflora invasion on the SOC stocks. We also found that Spartina alterniflora invasion might cause soil organic carbon losses in a short-term phase(2–4 years in this study) due to the negative Ln RR values, especially for 20–60 cm depth. And the SOCD in surface layer(0–20 cm) do not increase linearly with the invasive age. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that silt + clay content was exponentially related with SOC in surface layer(Adjusted R~2 = 0.43, P 0.001), suggesting that soil texture could play a key role in SOC sequestration of coastal salt marshes.  相似文献   

弧形海岸裂流的数值模拟研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

汪鸿  朱首贤  李训强  张文静  聂屿 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(3):21-30

弧形海岸波浪产生的裂流严重危害人类活动，但是目前对其特征缺乏充分认识。本文对Haller物理模型实验和三亚大东海的数值模拟表明FUNWAVE模式具有较好的裂流模拟能力。基于该模式进行了多种弧形海岸条件的裂流数值模拟，给出裂流的一些特征：（1）海岸弯曲度增大，裂流增强；（2）海岸坡度对裂流有比较大的影响，太陡或太平缓的海岸不利于形成裂流；（3）海岸尺寸减小，裂流减弱；（4）波高和波周期增大，裂流增强，但是对于某些海岸而言，0.4m波高可能就存在危害比较大的裂流。  相似文献   

轨道交通沿线土地溢价归公的政策与实践——以东莞市为例     

林雄斌  余筱琪  陈伟劲 《热带地理》2019,39(5):732-741

轨道交通周边土地开发和溢价归公有助于缓解城市财政压力,推动公交都市建设。结合国外实施溢价归公的政策和实践模式,以东莞市为例,在资料收集、政策分析、文本和案例解读的基础上,探讨了中国城市政府在规划和建设轨道交通中,以土地溢价归公反哺轨道交通融资的政策安排和实施效果。结果表明：1）溢价归公的本质是以特定方式实现正外部效应的内部化,由于土地制度和税收体系的差异,欧美地区溢价归公主要依赖多样化的土地税收体系,而中国城市的实践主要借鉴了“轨道+物业”的联合开发模式;2）东莞市溢价归公策略的形成是综合开发规划编制和审批、沿线土地控制和储备、土地发展权转移、土地增值分配等核心环节有效协调的结果;3）东莞轨道交通沿线土地开发能形成可观的财政收益,潜在土地收益占轨道资金总需求的比例超过20%,但在实施过程中仍面临较大困难。东莞市案例能为其他城市轨道交通融资、土地开发和溢价归公的政策体系编制和有效实施提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

Determination of the Total Ozone Content in Cloudy Conditions based on Data from the IKFS-2 Spectrometer onboard the Meteor-M no. 2 Satellite     

Garkusha  A. S.  Polyakov  A. V.  Timofeev  Yu. M.  Virolainen  Ya. A.  Kukharsky  A. V. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2018,54(9):1244-1248

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - A new technique has been developed to obtain the total ozone content (TOC) under cloudy conditions from the spectra of outgoing thermal IR radiation...  相似文献   

一种自然邻近关系查询的空间索引结构     

张思佳  王瑜  刘鹏  张文靖  李佳田  肖怡 《地理信息世界》2018,(1):32-38

自然邻近关系在空间数据库管理系统中具有十分重要的地位。为了克服Voronoi图受空间目标位置的影响,本文采用约束Delaunay三角网,针对在二维欧式空间中离散面目标的自然邻近关系查询问题。首先对离散面进行三角剖分,然后将代表相同邻近关系的三角形合并成一个union,进而建立面目标自然邻近关系表达结构-Unions Delaunay。通过与Unions Delaunay相结合建立空间索引结构-R-tree Gridfile来实现对空间目标自然邻居完备的候选集提取以及索引结构的更新。对比实验结果表明R-tree Gridfile索引结构能够有效支持空间目标的自然邻近关系查询。  相似文献