Pseudo-reservoir stimulation in horizontal well is an effective technique for indirectly extracting coalbed methane (CBM) in soft coal from the surrounding rocks (pseudo-reservoir). However, systematic studies of the theory and on-site application of this technique are still lacking, which severely hinders its application. In this paper, the technical principles of pseudo-reservoir stimulation are analyzed firstly, and then, the technical advantages are demonstrated by experimental tests and theoretical analysis. The results show that the pseudo-reservoir generally possesses considerable gas adsorption capacity, with the gas content of 1.56–4.22 cm3/g (avg. 2.51 cm3/g) in Well XC-01, which can be extracted as supplementary resources. The fracability of the pseudo-reservoirs is 0.73–0.92, which is much higher than that of the coal seam, i.e., 0.03–0.43. Meanwhile, the compressive and tensile strength and cohesion of the pseudo-reservoir are higher than those of the coal seam, indicating pseudo-reservoir stimulation is more conducive to forming fracture network, and maintaining wellbore stability and fracture conductivity. The technical feasibility of pseudo-reservoir stimulation is determined by the regional geological conditions, showing simple tectonic conditions and well-developed surrounding rocks with high fracability and mechanical strength but low permeability, water sensitivity and water content are beneficial for the technique application. Note that the fracture conductivity in pseudo-reservoir is more stable and higher than that in coal seam, pseudo-reservoir stimulation is beneficial for the CBM extraction from both hard and soft coal seams. By minimizing the gas diffusion distance, this technique overcomes the technical obstacles to the CBM commercialized production in soft coal.
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1.
以模拟圆锥在不排水黏土中的静力贯入和分析其影响因素为目标,假设土体为均质弹性—完全塑性材料且服从Mises屈服准则,采用任意拉格朗日—欧拉(ALE)网格划分技术确保锥尖土体在大应变条件下的网格质量,进行大应变有限元数值模拟,并分析了稳定状态下土体刚度指数、原位应力状态和锥尖粗糙程度对塑性区半径与锥形因子的影响,获得了锥形因子表达式。模拟结果表明:塑性区随着刚度指数的增大而增大,锥尖周围塑性区的径向扩张处于柱形孔扩张和球形孔扩张之间,更接近于球形孔扩张;锥形因子随土体刚度指数、锥尖粗糙程度的增大而增大,随土体原位应力状态参数的增大而减小;得到的锥形因子表达式可以量化土体刚度指数、原位应力状态和锥尖粗糙程度的影响,具有较高的精确度。 相似文献
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河南省中生代含煤地层主要包括上三叠统、下中侏罗统、上侏罗统三个层段。由于这些煤系地层多形成在半潮湿、半干旱的气候条件下,洪水流沉积特别发育,尤其是在河南省境内分布最广的上三叠统和上侏罗统地层中。周期性的洪水流沉积在沼泽和泥炭沼泽中反复出现,造成泥炭堆积时断时续,致使上三叠统及上侏罗统地层中的煤层层数甚多,但单层厚度薄,大多为不可采煤层的主要原因。可以认为洪水流沉积是聚煤作用最重要的破坏因素。 相似文献
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The Classification and Model of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
SU Xianbo LIN Xiaoying SONG Yan ZHAO Mengjun Henan University of the Sciences Jiaozuo Henan Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development PetroChin Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3):662-666
Coalbed methane has been explored in many basins worldwide for 30 years, and has been developed commercially in some of the basins. Many researchers have described the characteristics of coalbed methane geology and technology systematically. According to these investigations, a coalbed methane reservoir can be defined: "a coal seam that contains some coalbed methane and is isolated from other fluid units is called a coalbed methane reservoir". On the basis of anatomization, analysis, and comparison of the typical coalbed methane reservoirs, coalbed methane reservoirs can be divided into two classes: the hydrodynamic sealing coalbed methane reservoirs and the self-sealing coalbed methane reservoirs. The former can be further divided into two sub-classes: the hydrodynamic capping coalbed methane reservoirs, which can be divided into five types and the hydrodynamic driving coalbed methane reservoirs, which can be divided into three types. The latter can be divided into three types. Currently, hydrodynamic s 相似文献
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Rui Zuo Xiaojuan Chen Xianbo Li Dan Shan Jie Yang Jinsheng Wang Yanguo Teng 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(17):629
Nitrogenous pollutants from intense human activities have become serious environmental and health problems worldwide, particularly in groundwater source areas used for public water supply. To investigate the genesis and pollution risks associated with elevated concentrations of ammonium nitrogen in a groundwater source area, investigations were undertaken in the Jinji groundwater source area, located in an arid loess plain in northwestern China where 16 groundwater samples were collected from an aquifer used for water supply. The investigation indicated that high concentrations of ammonium nitrogen originated mainly from: infiltration of water from the Yellow River; livestock; and the discharge of industrial wastes. Measured parameters including pH, the permanganate index and the oxidation reduction potential could be used as important indicators of the genesis of ammonium nitrogen. A modified DRTCLN model was applied to the observed distribution of ammonium nitrogen to assess pollution risk of regional groundwater. The model was optimized by rebuilding the index system, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the rating scale of each index. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed to analyze the uncertainty of results of the risk assessment. The result showed that the risk value is relatively low in most areas of the groundwater source area. Only an industrial area in the southwestern part of the groundwater source area was classified as high risk; it should be the key factor of pollution control. 相似文献
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季节冻土区黑土耕层土壤冻融过程及水分变化 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
利用黑龙江省水利科学研究院水利试验研究中心综合实验观测场2011年11月-2012年4月整个冻结融化期的实测野外黑土耕层土壤温度和水分数据, 对中-深季节冻土区黑土耕层土壤冻融过程中冻结和融化特征分阴、阳坡进行了分析, 研究了冻融过程中不同深度土壤水分的变化情况, 并探讨了降水对不同深度耕层土壤含水量变化的影响. 结果表明:黑土耕层土壤冻结融化过程分为5个阶段, 历时164 d, 约5.5个月. 阶段I, 秋末冬初黑土耕层土壤开始步入冻结期; 阶段II, 黑土耕层土壤整日处于冻结状态, 阴坡比同样深度的阳坡土壤温度低; 阶段III为黑土耕层土壤稳定冻结期; 阶段IV, 黑土耕层土壤步入昼融夜冻的日循环交替状态, 冻融循环的土层逐渐向深部发展, 阳坡比阴坡融化得更深、更早, 阴坡比阳坡经历冻融循环次数更多; 阶段V为稳定融化期, 在融化过程不存在冻融交替的现象, 直到整个冻层内的土壤全部消融. 各深度位置阴坡土壤温度的最高值出现时间比阳坡晚约0.5 h. 经过整个冻结融化期后, 阴、阳坡各层土壤含水量均大于冻结前, 阴坡土壤含水量比阳坡整体偏低. 在整个冻结融化期, 阳坡地下1 cm、5 cm、10 cm 及15 cm处含水量最大值出现在地下5 cm; 阴坡的含水量整体趋于平稳且在融化期受降水影响明显. 相似文献
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浙江是非金属矿大省,金属矿特别是斑岩型矿床的研究亟待进行。本文以里山岭斑岩型铜矿床为研究对象,首次采用SHRIMP U-Pb对该岩体侵位时代进行精确限定,利用Sr-Nd同位素示踪含矿岩体的岩浆源区,不仅为浙江斑岩型矿床成因的深入研究增加了新资料,还对浙西下一步找矿勘探具有重要意义。浙江常山里山岭斑岩型铜矿床位于钦杭成矿带东段,受球川-萧山深断裂带控制。该矿床铜矿化主要赋存于花岗斑岩体中。含矿花岗斑岩为高硅、富碱、高分异、过铝质S型花岗岩。岩体的稀土分布型式右倾,整体呈“海鸥型”,有明显负Eu异常。岩石亏损Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素,富集Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti、Y、Yb等高场强元素。含矿花岗斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为（131±2）Ma,为早白垩世构造-岩浆活动的产物,形成于中国东部岩石圈减薄背景。岩浆岩（87Sr/86Sr）i值为0.679 95~0.721 08,平均0.701 14。εNd（t）值为-8.4~-5.8,平均-6.7。Sr-Nd同位素特征表明含矿花岗斑岩源区主要为地壳,兼有少量地幔物质的混染。 相似文献
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Wang Qian Su Xianbo Su Linan Guo Hongyu Song Jinxing Zhu Zengliang 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(6):3873-3893
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Coalbed methane reservoir pressure is an important parameter used to assess the producibility of coalbed methane wells. Practices indicate that high production of coalbed methane well is partly related closely to abnormally high pressure. Permo-Carboniferous coalbed methane resources are very abundant in the Liulin–Wupu District, Eastern Ordos Basin, which has been the highlight of coalbed methane exploration in China in recent years. In this district, the abnormally high pressure is present locally in the Pennsylvanian No. 8 coalbed methane reservoir (the Taiyuan Formation). Based on the distribution of the abnormally high pressure, burial history, hydrocarbon generation, hydrodynamics, and sealing regimes, the authors suggest that the abnormal coalbed methane reservoir pressure is related closely to local hydrodynamic trapping. The gas generated during the qualification is preserved, owing to the confinement of lower permeable roof and floor rock layers, and water trapping in the updip direction (like the “fairway” in San Juan Basin). As a result of pressure reconstruction event, the abnormally high pressure is formed during the uplifting stage. The current coalbed methane wells with high production are always located in abnormally high pressure areas. Therefore, the areas with abnormally high pressure in Liulin–Wupu District can be the preferred areas for commercial coalbed methane development. 相似文献
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藏北多龙矿集区产出环境和成矿动力学背景在青藏高原斑岩铜矿中独具特色,目前已经发现了多龙、多不杂、拿若、荣那等超大型—大型斑岩铜(金)矿,其有效找矿模式亟待研究总结。典型矿床的综合信息找矿模型研究对于进一步开展矿体定位预测具有重要意义。研究认为多龙矿集区铜金矿体产于花岗闪长斑岩体内及岩体边部的黄铁绢英岩化和青磐岩化变质(长石)石英砂岩及火山岩中。自含矿斑岩体中心向外存在中心对称分布的3个蚀变带,依次为弱钾化带、绢英岩化带和黄铁矿化-角岩化带。根据地、物、化、遥异常套合特征,划分出"三带五田"。"三带"为呈北西向雁列状排列的拿若—色那—尕尔勤铜金矿带、多不杂—波龙—铁格隆南铜金钼矿带和地堡那木岗铜金矿带;"五田"为拿若—赛角—荣那矿田、尕尔勤矿田、地堡那木岗矿田、波龙—多不杂矿田和铁格隆南矿田,并分别厘定了各矿田的基本组成与矿床地质特征。通过地、物、化综合异常分析,建立了"四位一体"找矿模式。指出铁帽、孔雀石化和蚀变花岗闪长斑岩体为地表寻找斑岩铜矿的直接标志;低磁异常间接反映遭受蚀变的花岗闪长斑岩体成矿母岩;激电高极化异常直接反映斑岩型铜矿体两翼的黄铁矿化带,间接反映硫化物带包裹着铜矿体;Cu、Au元素高异常反映成矿元素的区域富集。以此为基础,对拿若、荣那矿区掩埋矿体运用了"四位一体"找矿模式,发现隐伏斑岩型铜矿床。 相似文献
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